scholarly journals Role of Serum and Urine Biomarkers (PLA2R and THSD7A) in Diagnosis, Monitoring and Prognostication of Primary Membranous Glomerulonephritis

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadiq Mu’azu Maifata ◽  
Rafidah Hod ◽  
Fadhlina Zakaria ◽  
Fauzah Abd Ghani
Keyword(s):  
Membranous Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Urine Biomarkers ◽  
Phospholipase A2 Receptor ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Elisa Technique ◽  
Effective Diagnosis ◽  
Serum And Urine

Differentiating primary and secondary membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) using biomarkers for MGN is essential in patients’ diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Although biopsy has been the primary tool in making the diagnosis, not all patients can withstand it due to its invasive nature, and it cannot be used to monitor treatment. Hence, there is the need for less invasive or even non-invasive biomarkers for effective diagnosis, treatment monitoring and prognostication. This study aimed at providing an alternative way of differentiating primary and secondary MGN using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique for serum and urine biomarkers (M-type phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) and thrombospondin type-1 domain-containing 7A (THSD7A)) for prompt diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. A total of 125 subjects, including 81 primary and 44 secondary MGN subjects, were diagnosed from January 2012 to October 2019 at Hospital Serdang and Hospital Kuala Lumpur from which 69 subjects consisting of 47 primary and 22 secondary MGN subjects participated in the study. Of these, 13 primary MGN subjects were positive for both serum and urine anti-PLA2R antibodies (Ab) whereas only one secondary MGN subject associated with hepatitis B virus was positive for both serum and urine anti-PLA2R Ab. At the same time, anti-THSD7A Ab was found positive in four primary MGN subjects and two secondary MGN subjects with malignancy.

scholarly journals Primary Membranous Glomerulonephritis: The Role of Serum and Urine Biomarkers in Patient Management

Biomedicines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maifata ◽  
Hod ◽  
Zakaria ◽  
Abd Ghani
Keyword(s):  
Membranous Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Treatment Decision ◽  
Retinol Binding Protein ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Urine Biomarkers ◽  
Phospholipase A2 Receptor ◽  
Beta 2 Microglobulin ◽  
Serum And Urine

The detection of phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) and thrombospondin domain containing 7A THSD7A among primary membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) patients transformed the diagnosis, treatment monitoring, and prognosis. Anti-PLA2R can be detected in 70–90% of primary MGN patients while anti-THSD7A in 2–3% of anti-PLA2R negative primary MGN patients depending on the technique used. Serum and urine samples are less invasive and non-invasive, respectively, and thus can detect the presence of anti-PLA2R and anti-THSD7A with higher sensitivity and specificity, which is significant in patient monitoring and prognosis. It is better than exposing patients to a frequent biopsy, which is an invasive procedure. Different techniques of detection of PLA2R and THSD7A in patients’ urine and sera were reviewed to provide newer and alternative techniques. We proposed the use of biomarkers (PLA2R and THSD7A) in the diagnosis, treatment decision, and follow-up of patients with primary MGN. In addition, other prognostic renal biomarkers like retinol binding protein (RBP) and beta-2 microglobulin were reviewed to detect the progression of renal damage for early intervention.

scholarly journals Membranous Glomerulonephritis: Overview of the Role of Serum and Urine Biomarkers in the Management

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadiq Mu'azu Maifata ◽  
Rafidah Hod ◽  
Nor Fadhina Zakaria ◽  
Fauzah Abd Ghani
Keyword(s):  
Membranous Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Treatment Decision ◽  
Retinol Binding Protein ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Urine Biomarkers ◽  
Beta 2 Microglobulin ◽  
Serum And Urine

Detection of PLA2R and THSD7A among primary membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) patients transformed the diagnosis, treatment monitoring and prognosis. Anti-PLA2R can be detected in 70-90% of primary MGN patients while anti-THSD7A in 2-3% of anti-PLA2R negative primary MGN patients depending on the technique used. Serum and urine samples are less invasive and non-invasive respectively and can detect the presence of anti-PLA2R and anti-THSD7A with higher sensitivity and specificity, significant in patients’ monitoring and prognosis better than exposing patients to frequent biopsy which is an invasive procedure. Different techniques of detection of PLA2R and THSD7A in patients’ urine and sera were reviewed with the aim of providing newer and alternative techniques. We proposed the use of biomarkers (PLA2R and THSD7A) in making the diagnosis, treatment decision and follow up of patients with primary MGN. We also reviewed other prognostic renal biomarkers like retinol binding protein (RBP) and beta-2 microglobulin in order to detect progression of renal damage for early intervention.

scholarly journals Membranous Glomerulonephritis: Role of Retinol-Binding Protein in Monitoring and Prognostication

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadiq Muazu Maifata ◽  
Fauzah Abd Ghani ◽  
Rafidah Hod ◽  
Nor Fadhlina Zakaria
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Membranous Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Treatment Decision ◽  
Retinol Binding Protein ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Treatment Decision Making ◽  
Elisa Technique ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

Initially, retinol-binding protein (RBP), was thought to be a biomarker for proximal convoluted tubule dysfunction could be important in chronic kidney diseases (CKD). Membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) is an important cause of CKD and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Therefore, monitoring MGN patients using urinary RBP is important in effective treatment decision making and prognostication of MGN patients. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique was used to detect the RBP in the urine samples of 69 MGN patients comprising 47 primary and 22 secondary MGN, at the end of the follow-up period. The test for the urinary biomarker gave the following results: urinary RBP was detected in 27 (39.1%) and 6 (8.7%) of the primary and secondary MGN patients, respectively. The correlation analysis demonstrated a significant relationship between urinary RBP and renal function test parameters, in addition to a logistic regression analysis that proved urinary RBP as a prognostic non-invasive biomarker for primary MGN. Therefore, urinary RBP could be employed to monitor and provide effective prognosis and early treatment decisions in primary MGN.

scholarly journals The serum level of anti-phospholipase A2 receptor antibody does not predict severity of proteinuria in primary membranous glomerulonephritis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. e15-e15
Author(s):  
Sepideh Hajian ◽  
Ali Sarbazi-Golezari ◽  
Nazanin Samandari
Keyword(s):  
Serum Level ◽  
Phospholipase A2 ◽  
Membranous Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Medical Treatments ◽  
Phospholipase A2 Receptor ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: Anti-phospholipase A2 receptor (anti-PLA2r) antibody is a marker in blood and has been recently reported that it is increased in patients with primary membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN). Objectives: To investigate the role of this receptor in severity of proteinuria in pMGN, we evaluated the relationship between serum levels of this receptor and proteinuria in patients with primary MGN. Patients and Methods: This study was conducted on patients with primary MGN referring to the nephrology clinic in Qazvin province during 2016-2017. Serum level of anti-PLA2r and level of proteinuria before and after medical treatments were measured. anti-PLA2r was measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Results: Anti-PLA2r was positive and negative in 42.3% and 57.7% of the patients with primary MGN, respectively. There was no significant relationship between serum level of anti-PLA2r and level of proteinuria before and after the medical treatments. Conclusion: Our data show that anti-PLA2r could not predict the severity of proteinuria in patients with primary MGN.

D-Dimer Determination to Exclude Pulmonary Embolism: a Two-Step Approach Using Latex Assay as a Screening Tool

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (01) ◽  
pp. 089-091 ◽  
Author(s):  
P de Moerloose ◽  
Ph Minazio ◽  
G Reber ◽  
A Perrier ◽  
H Bounameaux
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Elisa Assay ◽  
Elisa Technique ◽  
Diagnostic Step ◽  
D Dimer ◽  
Rule Out ◽  
Latex Test

SummaryD-dimer (DD), when measured by a quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), is a valuable test to exclude venous thromboembolism (VTE). However, DD ELISA technique is not appropriate for emergency use and the available agglutination latex assays are not sensitive enough to be used as an alternative to rule out the diagnosis of VTE. Latex assays could still be used as screening tests. We tested this hypothesis by comparing DD levels measured by ELISA and latex assays in 334 patients suspected of pulmonary embolism. All but one patient with a positive (DD ≥500 ng/ml) latex assay had DD levels higher than 500 ng/ml with the ELISA assay. Accordingly, ELISA technique could be restricted to patients with a negative result in latex assay. This two-step approach would have spared about 50% of ELISA in our cohort. In conclusion, our data indicate that a latex test can be used as a first diagnostic step to rule out pulmonary embolism provided a negative result is confirmed by ELISA and the performance of the latex assay used has been assessed properly.

scholarly journals Hepatitis B Core-Related Antigen as Surrogate Biomarker of Intrahepatic Hepatitis B Virus Covalently-Closed-Circular DNA in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B: A Meta-Analysis

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Gian Paolo Caviglia ◽  
Angelo Armandi ◽  
Chiara Rosso ◽  
Davide Giuseppe Ribaldone ◽  
Rinaldo Pellicano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Circular Dna ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Hbv Cccdna ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Chronic Hbv ◽  
Intrahepatic Hbv

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) covalently-closed-circular (ccc)DNA is the key molecule responsible for viral persistence within infected hepatocytes. The evaluation of HBV cccDNA is crucial for the management of patients with chronic HBV infection and for the personalization of treatment. However, the need for liver biopsy is the principal obstacle for the assessment of intrahepatic HBV cccDNA. In the last decade, several studies have investigated the performance of hepatitis B core-related antigen (HBcrAg) as a surrogate of HBV cccDNA amount in the liver. In this meta-analysis, we collected 14 studies (1271 patients) investigating the correlation between serum HBcrAg and intrahepatic HBV cccDNA. Serum HBcrAg showed a high correlation with intrahepatic HBV cccDNA (r = 0.641, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.510–0.743, p < 0.001). In a head-to-head comparison, we observed that the performance of HBcrAg was significantly superior to that of hepatitis B surface antigen (r = 0.665 vs. r = 0.475, respectively, p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis showed that the correlation between HBcrAg and intrahepatic HBV cccDNA was high, both in hepatitis B e antigen-positive and -negative patients (r = 0.678, 95% CI 0.403–0.840, p < 0.001, and r = 0.578, 95% CI 0.344–0.744, p < 0.001, respectively). In conclusion, the measurement of serum HBcrAg qualifies as a reliable non-invasive surrogate for the assessment of an intrahepatic HBV cccDNA reservoir.

Significance of biglycan and osteopontin as non-invasive markers of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus and chronic hepatitis C virus

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 681-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Sobhy ◽  
Mohammed Fakhry M. ◽  
Haitham A Azeem ◽  
Ahmed M Ashmawy ◽  
Hamed Omar Khalifa
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
B Virus

Several studies were performed to evaluate the degree of liver fibrosis by non-invasive markers. We aimed to assess the diagnostic value of both biglycan (BGN) and osteopontin (OPN) as non-invasive markers of hepatic fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and chronic hepatitis C (CHC). This study was performed on 100 patients with CHB virus, 100 patients with CHC virus and 100 normal controls. All participants were subjected to the following laboratory tests: hemoglobin, platelet, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, albumin, international normalized ratio, HBs Ag, hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody, hepatitis B virus DNA, HCV RNA, liver biopsy, BGN and OPN. We found that BGN level was significantly increased in the CHB group compared with the controls (p<0.001), but the level was not different between the CHC group and the controls (p<0.96). OPN was increased in both the CHB and CHC groups compared with the controls (p<0.001). Positive correlation was found between fibrosis stages and BGN level of the CHB group (r=0.64; p<0.001) and between fibrosis stages and OPN level of the CHB (r=0.63; p<0.001) and CHC (r=0.59; p<0.03) groups. The area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity and specificity of BGN were 1.0, 100% and 100% in predicting fibrosis in patients with CHB, and 0.50, 26% and 78% in predicting fibrosis in patients with CHC. OPN had an AUC of 0.997, sensitivity of 96% and specificity of 100% in predicting fibrosis in patients with CHB, and 0.974, 96.5% and 100% in predicting fibrosis in patients with CHC. In conclusion, BGN and OPN could be considered non-invasive markers for liver fibrosis assessment.

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