scholarly journals Progress in Gene-Editing Technology of Zebrafish

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1300
Author(s):  
Yanling Li ◽  
Zhipeng Jia ◽  
Shuchao Zhang ◽  
Xiaozhen He
Keyword(s):  
Danio Rerio ◽  
Gene Editing ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Strand Break ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Genome Modification ◽  
Efficient Gene ◽  
Vertebrate Model ◽  
Multi Method Approach ◽  
Method Approach

As a vertebrate model, zebrafish (Danio rerio) plays a vital role in the field of life sciences. Recently, gene-editing technology has become increasingly innovative, significantly promoting scientific research on zebrafish. However, the implementation of these methods in a reasonable and accurate manner to achieve efficient gene-editing remains challenging. In this review, we systematically summarize the development and latest progress in zebrafish gene-editing technology. Specifically, we outline trends in double-strand break-free genome modification and the prospective applications of fixed-point orientation transformation of any base at any location through a multi-method approach.

CRISPR/Cas system research has advanced significantly in biological sciences.There are still many challenges to effective delivery before efficient gene editing may be achieved

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moataz Dowaidar
Keyword(s):  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Gene Editing ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
System Research ◽  
Efficient Gene ◽  
Effective Delivery ◽  
Agricultural Applications ◽  
Substantial Progress

The CRISPR/Cas system's discovery and execution offer great promise for the treatment of human illnesses and the revolutionization of plant breeding. Despite the fact that CRISPR/Cas system research is well advanced in the life sciences community, there are still considerable barriers to effective delivery that must be overcome before effective gene editing can be achieved. Consider characteristics like specificity, efficacy, and controlled expression while deciding on a plan. Due to the discovery of innovative delivery systems, many of the shortcomings of the CRISPR/Cas system's translatability have been addressed. Because of the rapid growth of delivery mechanisms, a successful translation of CRISPR/Cas technology into medical and agricultural applications is vital, and substantial progress is predicted.

GEOPHYSICS TO CADAVER DOGS: MULTI-METHOD APPROACH TO SURVEYING HISTORICAL CEMETERIES

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul S. Martin ◽  
◽  
Blair R. Tormey ◽  
John M. Sullivan ◽  
Craig A Schultz
Keyword(s):  
Cadaver Dogs ◽  
Multi Method Approach ◽  
Method Approach

scholarly journals Emergency Manager Perceptions of the Effectiveness and Limitations of Mass Notification Systems: A Mixed Method Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
William V. Pelfrey
Keyword(s):  
Text Messaging ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Notification System ◽  
Emergency Managers ◽  
Emergency Manager ◽  
Wide Variability ◽  
Manager Perceptions ◽  
Critical Resource ◽  
Multi Method Approach ◽  
Method Approach

AbstractDisasters can move quickly. Effective communication is a critical resource that can significantly enhance public safety. A mass notification system (MNS) uses text messaging to inform constituents of crisis, provide recommendations, connect to resources, and has the advantage of speed. Limited research has been conducted on the variables that influence the effectiveness, utilization, and perceptions of MNS. The extant study employs a multi-method approach to advance the scholarly knowledge on MNS. All emergency managers in a state were surveyed on issues of MNS enrollment, utilization, and brand. A subgroup of emergency managers were then interviewed to provide depth to the survey findings. Key findings indicate wide variability in MNS usage, little relationship between population size and enrollment, and a high perceived importance of MNS as a communication modality. Policy implications and recommendations are offered.

Emotions and politics of sensibilities in Latin America

2021 ◽  
pp. 026858092199451
Author(s):  
Adrian Scribano
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Latin America ◽  
The State ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The Social ◽  
Multi Method Approach ◽  
Method Approach

The social sciences in Latin America have always had a special connection with the study and analysis of the place of emotions in the social structuration processes. The aim of this article is to offer a synthetic exposition of some inquiries about emotions and the politics of sensibilities in Latin America, emphasizing those that are being felt in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. To achieve this objective, first we offer a synthesis of the theoretical and methodological points that will guide the interpretation; then we draw on pre-existing inquiries and surveys which allow us to capture the state of sensibilities before and during the pandemic in the region; and finally some conclusions are presented. The work is based on a multi-method approach, where qualitative and quantitative secondary and primary data are articulated in tandem.

scholarly journals Simplified All-In-One CRISPR-Cas9 Construction for Efficient Genome Editing in Cryptococcus Species

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 505
Author(s):  
Ping Zhang ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
Chenxi Li ◽  
Xiaoyu Ma ◽  
Lan Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Editing ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Gene Editing ◽  
Recombination Frequency ◽  
Target Sequence ◽  
Widespread Application ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Efficient Gene ◽  
Cryptococcus Species ◽  
Overlap Pcr

Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus deneoformans are opportunistic fungal pathogens found worldwide that are utilized to reveal mechanisms of fungal pathogenesis. However, their low homologous recombination frequency has greatly encumbered genetic studies. In preliminary work, we described a ‘suicide’ CRISPR-Cas9 system for use in the efficient gene editing of C. deneoformans, but this has not yet been used in the C. neoformans strain. The procedures involved in constructing vectors are time-consuming, whether they involve restriction enzyme-based cloning of donor DNA or the introduction of a target sequence into the gRNA expression cassette via overlap PCR, as are sophisticated, thus impeding their widespread application. Here, we report the optimized and simplified construction method for all-in-one CRISPR-Cas9 vectors that can be used in C. neoformans and C. deneoformans strains respectively, named pNK003 (Genbank: MW938321) and pRH003 (Genbank: KX977486). Taking several gene manipulations as examples, we also demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the new simplified all-in-one CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing tools in both Serotype A and Serotype D strains, as well as their ability to eliminate Cas9 and gDNA cassettes after gene editing. We anticipate that the availability of new vectors that can simplify and streamline the technical steps for all-in-one CRISPR-Cas9 construction could accelerate genetic studies of the Cryptococcus species.

Methodological reflections on geographies of blackness

2021 ◽  
pp. 030913252098512
Author(s):  
Adam Bledsoe
Keyword(s):  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Black Geographies ◽  
Multi Method Approach ◽  
Black Populations ◽  
Method Approach

This article argues that work on geographies of Blackness and Black Geographies emphasizes different aspects of Black experiences and relies on different methodologies in making these emphases. I focus on the work of six prominent geographers who engage with questions of Blackness and examine the different data sources they draw on. I show that they all employ a multi-method, interdisciplinary approach in their scholarship and that all of them, regardless of emphasis or method, foreground the experiences of black populations. I argue that this collective multi-method approach pushes the conceptual boundaries of the wider discipline of Geography.

Unveiling the relationship between drivers and capabilities for reduced time-to-market in start-ups: A multi-method approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 108018
Author(s):  
Renata de Oliveira Mota ◽  
Moacir Godinho Filho ◽  
Lauro Osiro ◽  
Gilberto Miller Devós Ganga ◽  
Glauco Henrique de Sousa Mendes
Keyword(s):  
Time To Market ◽  
Multi Method Approach ◽  
Start Ups ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Method Approach ◽  
Reduced Time

Multi-Method Vs Single Method Appraisal of Clinical Quality Indicators for the Emergency Medical Services

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Howard ◽  
Peter Cameron ◽  
Maaret Castrén ◽  
Lee Wallis ◽  
Veronica Lindström
Keyword(s):  
Group Discussion ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Healthcare Setting ◽  
Prehospital Emergency Care ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Prehospital Emergency ◽  
Single Method ◽  
Multi Method Approach ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Method Approach

ABSTRACT Background Quality Indicator (QI) appraisal protocols are a novel methodology that combines multiple appraisal methods to comprehensively assess the "appropriateness" of QIs for a particular healthcare setting. However, they remain inadequately explored compared to the single appraisal method approach. This paper aimed to describe and test a QI appraisal protocol versus the single method approach, against a series of QIs potentially relevant to the South African Prehospital Emergency Care setting. Methods An appraisal protocol was developed consisting of two categorical-based appraisal methods, combined with the qualitative analysis of the discussion generated during the consensus application of each method. The output of the protocol was assessed and compared with the application and output of each method. Inter-rater reliability of each particular method was evaluated prior to group consensus rating. Variation in the number of non-valid QIs and the proportion of non-valid QIs identified between each method and the protocol were compared and assessed. Results There was mixed IRR of the individual methods. There was similarly low to moderate correlation of the results obtained between the particular methods (Spearman’s rank correlation=0.42,p<0.001). From a series of 104 QIs, 11 non-valid QIs were identified that were shared between the individual methods. A further 19 non-valid QIs were identified and not shared by each method, highlighting the benefits of a multi-method approach. The outcomes were additionally evident in the group discussion analysis, which in and of itself added further input that would not have otherwise been captured by the individual methods alone. Conclusion The utilization of a multi-method appraisal protocol offers multiple benefits, when compared to the single appraisal approach, and can provide the confidence that the outcomes of the appraisal will ensure a strong foundation on which the QI framework can be successfully implemented.

scholarly journals Early behavioral and physiological markers of social anxiety in infants with fragile X syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Conner J. Black ◽  
Abigail L. Hogan ◽  
Kayla D. Smith ◽  
Jane E. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Fragile X Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Behavioral Inhibition ◽  
Fragile X ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Direct Observations ◽  
Multi Method Approach ◽  
Physiological Markers ◽  
Method Approach

Abstract Background Social anxiety is highly prevalent in neurotypical children and children with fragile X syndrome (FXS). FXS is a genetic syndrome that is characterized by intellectual disability and an increased risk for autism spectrum disorder. If social anxiety is left untreated, negative outcomes are highly prevalent later in life. However, early detection of social anxiety is challenging as symptoms are often subtle or absent very early in life. Given the prevalence and impairment associated with childhood social anxiety, efforts have accelerated to identify risk markers of anxiety. A cluster of early features of anxiety have been identified including elevated behavioral inhibition, attentional biases, and physiological dysregulation that index early emerging markers of social anxiety. Infants with FXS provide a unique opportunity to study the earlier predictors of social anxiety. The current study utilized a multi-method approach to investigate early markers of social anxiety in 12-month-old infants with FXS. Method Participants included 32 infants with FXS and 41 low-risk controls, all approximately 12 months old. Parent-reported social behavioral inhibition was recorded from the Infant Behavior Questionnaire (IBQ-R). Direct observations of behavioral inhibition and attention were measured during a stranger approach task with respiratory sinus arrhythmia collected simultaneously. Results Parent-reported social behavioral inhibition was not significantly different between groups. In contrast, direct observations suggested that infants with FXS displayed elevated behavioral inhibition, increased attention towards the stranger, and a blunted respiratory sinus arrhythmia response. Conclusions Findings suggest that infants with FXS show both behavioral and physiological markers of social anxiety at 12 months old using a biobehavioral approach with multiple sources of input. Results highlight the importance of a multi-method approach to understanding the complex early emergent characteristics of anxiety in infants with FXS.

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