scholarly journals Improved Cordycepin Production by Cordyceps militaris KYL05 Using Casein Hydrolysate in Submerged Conditions

Biomolecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soo Kweon Lee ◽  
Ju Hun Lee ◽  
Hyeong Ryeol Kim ◽  
Youngsang Chun ◽  
Ja Hyun Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Foods ◽  
Casein Hydrolysate ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Cordyceps Militaris ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Bioactive Product ◽  
Submerged Conditions

Cordycepin, a beneficial bioactive product specifically found in Cordyceps, has received attention in various bioindustrial applications such as in pharmaceuticals, functional foods, and cosmetics, due to its significant functions. However, low productivity of cordycepin is a barrier to commercialization. In this study, Cordyceps militaris was mutated by UV irradiation to improve the cordycepin production. The highest producer KYL05 strain was finally selected and its cordycepin production was increased about 1.5-fold compared to wild type. In addition, the effects of culture conditions were fundamentally investigated. Optimal conditions were as follows: pH 6, temperature of 25 °C, shaking speed of 150 rpm, and culture time of 6 days. Effects of medium component on cordycepin production were also investigated by using various carbon and nitrogen sources. It was found that glucose and casein hydrolysate (CH) were most effective as carbon and nitrogen sources in cordycepin production (2.3-fold improvement) with maximum cordycepin production of about 445 mg/L. In particular, production was significantly affected by CH. These results should be of value in improving the efficiency of mass production of cordycepin.

scholarly journals Optimum conditions for Prodigiosin production by Serratia marcescens S11

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
Abdulkareem Jasim ◽  
Hameed M. Jasim ◽  
Isra'a M. Dhahi
Keyword(s):  
Serratia Marcescens ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Casein Hydrolysate ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Phosphate Source ◽  
Initial Medium

Different nutritional and cultural factors were studied to determine the optimum conditions for prodigiosin production by Serratia marcescens S11 in a batch culture of brain-heart infusion broth medium. These factors include carbon source and its concentration, nitrogen source and its concentration, phosphate source, temperature and pH. Results showed that the optimum conditions for prodigiosin production were achieved when the production medium was supplemented with olive oil and casein hydrolysate as a carbon and nitrogen sources respectively in a concentration of 1.5% for broth, KH2PO4 as a phosphate source at initial medium pH8, and incubation at 28°C for 24 hours. Under these optimal conditions, prodigiosin activity produced by Serratia marcescens S11 in culture medium was increased from 200 U/cell before optimization to 3000 U/cell.

scholarly journals Functional Analysis of Fructosyl-Amino Acid Oxidases of Aspergillus oryzae

2004 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 5882-5890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin-ichi Akazawa ◽  
Tetsuya Karino ◽  
Nobuyuki Yoshida ◽  
Tohoru Katsuragi ◽  
Yoshiki Tani
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Aspergillus Oryzae ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Wild Type Strain ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Amino Acid Oxidase ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen

ABSTRACT Three active fractions of fructosyl-amino acid oxidase (FAOD-Ao1, -Ao2a, and -Ao2b) were isolated from Aspergillus oryzae strain RIB40. N-terminal and internal amino acid sequences of FAOD-Ao2a corresponded to those of FAOD-Ao2b, suggesting that these two isozymes were derived from the same protein. FAOD-Ao1 and -Ao2 were different in substrate specificity and subunit assembly; FAOD-Ao2 was active toward N ε-fructosyl N α-Z-lysine and fructosyl valine (Fru-Val), whereas FAOD-Ao1 was not active toward Fru-Val. The genes encoding the FAOD isozymes (i.e., FAOAo1 and FAOAo2) were cloned by PCR with an FAOD-specific primer set. The deduced amino acid sequences revealed that FAOD-Ao1 was 50% identical to FAOD-Ao2, and each isozyme had a peroxisome-targeting signal-1, indicating their localization in peroxisomes. The genes was expressed in Escherichia coli and rFaoAo2 showed the same characteristics as FAOD-Ao2, whereas rFaoAo1 was not active. FAOAo2 disruptant was obtained by using ptrA as a selective marker. Wild-type strain grew on the medium containing Fru-Val as the sole carbon and nitrogen sources, but strain ΔfaoAo2 did not grow. Addition of glucose or (NH4)2SO4 to the Fru-Val medium did not affect the assimilation of Fru-Val by wild-type, indicating glucose and ammonium repressions did not occur in the expression of the FAOAo2 gene. Furthermore, conidia of the wild-type strain did not germinate on the medium containing Fru-Val and NaNO2 as the sole carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively, suggesting that Fru-Val may also repress gene expression of nitrite reductase. These results indicated that FAOD is needed for utilization of fructosyl-amino acids as nitrogen sources in A. oryzae.

scholarly journals Lab-Scale Optimization of Polyhydroxyalkanoate Production by Bacterial Strain cmg1415 on Local Cheap Substrates Using One Variable at a Time Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
Muhammadi Muhammadi ◽  
Shabina Shafiq
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Minimal Medium ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Labor Cost ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Scale Optimization

Production of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) under optimum culture conditions using local cheap feedstocks is indispensable to overcome the current cost of PHA-based plastics. For this purpose, optimum culture conditions and cheap feedstocks were investigated to produce maximum yield of PHA in CMG1415. Maximum yield was obtained with sucrose or sugar beet as sole source of precursors for PHA in 8 days of incubation at 35 °C in a minimal medium adjusted at pH 7. Further, for maximum yield no mechanical shaking was needed. Local cheap feedstock such as sugar beet and molasses were found to play as significant carbon and nitrogen sources for maximum PHA yield.  Bacterial plastic produced under these low-labor-cost culture conditions may to reduce the present cost of degradable bioplastic and be much effective alternate of nondegradable varieties of synthetic plastic.

scholarly journals Investigating the expression of F10 and G11 xylanases in Aspergillus niger A09 with qPCR

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (9) ◽  
pp. 744-752
Author(s):  
Shixiu Cui ◽  
Tianwen Wang ◽  
Hong Hu ◽  
Liangwei Liu ◽  
Andong Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Xylanase Activity ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Transcript Abundance ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen

There exist significant differences between the 2 main types of xylanases, family F10 and G11. A clear understanding of the expression pattern of microbial F10 and G11 under different culture conditions would facilitate better production and industrial application of xylanase. In this study, the fungal xylanase producer Aspergillus niger A09 was systematically investigated in terms of induced expression of xylanase F10 and G11. Results showed that carbon and nitrogen sources could influence xylanase F10 and G11 transcript abundance, with G11 more susceptible to changes in culture media composition. The most favorable carbon and nitrogen sources for high G11 and low F10 production by A. niger A09 were xylan (2%) and (NH4)2C2O4 (0.3%), respectively. Following cultivation at 33 °C for 60 h, the highest xylanase activity (1132 IU per gram of wet mycelia) was observed. On the basis of differential gene expression of F10 and G11, as well as their different properties, we deduced that the F10 protein initially targeted xylan and hydrolyzed it into fragments including xylose, after which xylose acted as the inducer of F10 and G11 gene expression. These speculations also accounted for our failure to identify conditions favoring the high production of F10 but a low production of G11.

scholarly journals Studies on Optimization of Growth Parameters for L-Asparaginase Production byStreptomyces ginsengisoli

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neelima Deshpande ◽  
Prachi Choubey ◽  
Manasi Agashe
Keyword(s):  
Anticancer Activity ◽  
Submerged Fermentation ◽  
Shake Flask ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Multiple Functions ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Maximal Production

A species ofStreptomyces,Streptomyces ginsengisoli, a river isolate, was evaluated for production of an enzyme, L-asparaginase, with multiple functions mainly anticancer activity. The actinomycete was subjected to submerged fermentation by “shake flask” method. The quantity of L-asparaginase produced was estimated as 3.23 μmol/mL/min. The effect of various culture conditions on L-asparaginase production was studied by adopting a method of variation in one factor at a time. Of the various conditions tested, glucose (followed by starch) and peptone served as good carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively, for maximal production of enzyme at pH 8. The temperature of 30°C and an incubation period of 5 days with 0.05 g% asparagine concentration were found to be optimum for L-asparaginase production.

Studies on the production of perithecial stromata by Cordyceps militaris in artificial culture

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 473-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mumtaz Basith ◽  
M. F. Madelin
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Cordyceps Militaris ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Artificial Culture ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Rice Grains ◽  
Defined Media ◽  
Nutritional Conditions ◽  
Low Concentrations

Some nutritional and environmental factors which influence the production and maturation of perithecial stromata of Cordyceps militaris (Linnaeus) Link in artificial culture have been studied. The fungus grows vegetatively in defined media with a variety of carbon and nitrogen sources without added vitamins, and can use nitrate as sole nitrogen source, but forms stromata only under special nutritional conditions such as are provided by a medium of sterilized soaked rice grains. Illumination at more than 3 foot-candles is necessary for stromata to be initiated, and an intensity greater than a threshold value between 15 and 90 ft-c is necessary for production of mature perithecia. Temperatures above about 22 °C depress stroma development. So, too, does excessive aeration, which removes a gaseous or volatile stimulatory substance which is produced by the cultures. Media found suitable for stroma production include mineral salt solutions with either starch or sucrose associated with either haemoglobin or casein or peptone. Amino acids, used singly or in mixture, and glucose were not favorable. There was no evidence that fruiting required growth factors. The results support the view that stroma production is favored by media with carbon and nitrogen sources which cannot be assimilated until they have been hydrolyzed, and which consequently sustain favorably low concentrations of assimilable nutrients over a long period.

Production of a Bioflocculant by Penicillium Sp. HHE-P7 Using Sugarcane Molasses

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 453-459
Author(s):  
Li Fan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Fermentation Broth ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Medium Components ◽  
Flocculating Activity ◽  
Initial Ph

Bioflocculant MBF7 was produced by a novel bioflocculant-producing microorganism HHE-P7. In order to reduce the bioflocculant producing cost, culture experiments were conducted. The effects of medium components including carbon and nitrogen sources as well as culture conditions such as pH of molasses diluents, cultivating temperature, inoculum size were investigated. The results showed when the molasses waste was diluted at COD concentration of 2000 mg/L, the optimal culture conditions for MBF7 production by HHE-P7 were inoculum size 1% (v/v), initial pH 5, cultivating temperature 25°C at the rotation speed 150 r/min. Under such conditions, MBF7 had a flocculating activity of 83% for 5 g/L kaolin clay suspension. About 3.19 g crude bioflocculant could be recovered from 1.0 L of molasses fermentation broth.

scholarly journals Biocatalyst: Cellulase Production in Solid State Fermentation (SSF) Using Rice Bran as Substrate

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 7689-7699
Keyword(s):  
Rice Bran ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Cellulase Production ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Glucose Carbon ◽  
Biological Transformation ◽  
Fermentation Period ◽  
Filter Paper Assay

The study was aimed to analyze the biological transformation of cellulose in rice bran by Aspergillus flavus SB04 in SSF for 28 days. The culture conditions such as pH, temperature, moisture content were optimized for the effective production of the enzyme in SSF. Effect of carbon and nitrogen sources on cellulase production was further estimated in SMF and were quantified for 24hrs intervals for 7 days Maximum cellulase production for rice bran was observed to be high in glucose (carbon source) and yeast extract (nitrogen source) at initial moisture 75ml, pH 6, temperature 33°C and fermentation period was 14th day that was optimized using response surface methodology. The enzyme production was analyzed individually by dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) method, Lowry protein estimation, and filter paper assay. The lignocellulosic degradation was observed and confirmed by FTIR and SEM. The degradation of cellulose periodically increases after 7 days, which influences the yield of cellulase enzyme.

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