Metal Oxide Nanoparticles as Biomedical Materials

The development of new nanomaterials with high biomedical performance and low toxicity is essential to obtain more efficient therapy and precise diagnostic tools and devices. Recently, scientists often face issues of balancing between positive therapeutic effects of metal oxide nanoparticles and their toxic side effects. In this review, considering metal oxide nanoparticles as important technological and biomedical materials, the authors provide a comprehensive review of researches on metal oxide nanoparticles, their nanoscale physicochemical properties, defining specific applications in the various fields of nanomedicine. Authors discuss the recent development of metal oxide nanoparticles that were employed as biomedical materials in tissue therapy, immunotherapy, diagnosis, dentistry, regenerative medicine, wound healing and biosensing platforms. Besides, their antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral properties along with biotoxicology were debated in detail. The significant breakthroughs in the field of nanobiomedicine have emerged in areas and numbers predicting tremendous application potential and enormous market value for metal oxide nanoparticles.

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The application prospect of metal/metal oxide nanoparticles in the treatment of osteoarthritis

Naunyn-Schmiedeberg s Archives of Pharmacology ◽

10.1007/s00210-021-02131-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 394 (10) ◽

pp. 1991-2002

Author(s):

Junchao Luo ◽

Yin Zhang ◽

Senbo Zhu ◽

Yu Tong ◽

Lichen Ji ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metal Oxide ◽

Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Biological Response ◽

Cell Uptake ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Superoxide Anions ◽

Metal Metal ◽

Cartilage Wear

AbstractThe current understanding of osteoarthritis is developing from a mechanical disease caused by cartilage wear to a complex biological response involving inflammation, oxidative stress and other aspects. Nanoparticles are widely used in drug delivery due to its good stability in vivo and cell uptake efficiency. In addition to the above advantages, metal/metal oxide NPs, such as cerium oxide and manganese dioxide, can also simulate the activity of antioxidant enzymes and catalyze the degradation of superoxide anions and hydrogen peroxide. Degrading of metal/metal oxide nanoparticles releases metal ions, which may slow down the progression of osteoarthritis by inhibiting inflammation, promoting cartilage repair and inhibiting cartilage ossification. In present review, we focused on recent research works concerning osteoarthritis treating with metal/metal oxide nanoparticles, and introduced some potential nanoparticles that may have therapeutic effects.

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Green Synthesis of Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles:Principles of Green Chemistry and Raw Materials

Magnetochemistry ◽

10.3390/magnetochemistry7110145 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (11) ◽

pp. 145

Author(s):

Liubov Soltys ◽

Ostap Olkhovyy ◽

Tetiana Tatarchuk ◽

Mu. Naushad

Keyword(s):

Green Chemistry ◽

Metal Oxide ◽

Green Synthesis ◽

Metal Nanoparticles ◽

Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

High Energy ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Synthesis Methods ◽

Scale Production ◽

Low Toxicity

Increased request for metal and metal oxide nanoparticles nanoparticles has led to their large-scale production using high-energy methods with various toxic solvents. This cause environmental contamination, thus eco-friendly “green” synthesis methods has become necessary. An alternative way to synthesize metal nanoparticles includes using bioresources, such as plants and plant products, bacteria, fungi, yeast, algae, etc. “Green” synthesis has low toxicity, is safe for human health and environment compared to other methods, meaning it is the best approach for obtaining metal and metal oxide nanoparticles. This review reveals 12 principles of “green” chemistry and examples of biological components suitable for “green” synthesis, as well as modern scientific research of eco-friendly synthesis methods of magnetic and metal nanoparticles. Particularly, using extracts of green tea, fruits, roots, leaves, etc., to obtain Fe3O4 NPs. The various precursors as egg white (albumen), leaf and fruit extracts, etc., can be used for the „green” synthesis of spinel magnetic NPs. “Green” nanoparticles are being widely used as antimicrobials, photocatalysts and adsorbents. “Green” magnetic nanoparticles demonstrate low toxicity and high biocompatibility, which allows for their biomedical application, especially for targeted drug delivery, contrast imaging and magnetic hyperthermia applications. The synthesis of silver, gold, platinum and palladium nanoparticles using extracts from fungi, red algae, fruits, etc., has been described.

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Metal Oxide Nanoparticles in Therapeutic Regulation of Macrophage Functions

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano9111631 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 1631 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Marina S. Dukhinova ◽

Artur. Y. Prilepskii ◽

Alexander A. Shtil ◽

Vladimir V. Vinogradov

Keyword(s):

Metal Oxide ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Viral Infections ◽

Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Cell Polarization ◽

Innate Immune ◽

Diagnostic Tools ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Inflammatory Microenvironment ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Macrophages are components of the innate immune system that control a plethora of biological processes. Macrophages can be activated towards pro-inflammatory (M1) or anti-inflammatory (M2) phenotypes depending on the cue; however, polarization may be altered in bacterial and viral infections, cancer, or autoimmune diseases. Metal (zinc, iron, titanium, copper, etc.) oxide nanoparticles are widely used in therapeutic applications as drugs, nanocarriers, and diagnostic tools. Macrophages can recognize and engulf nanoparticles, while the influence of macrophage-nanoparticle interaction on cell polarization remains unclear. In this review, we summarize the molecular mechanisms that drive macrophage activation phenotypes and functions upon interaction with nanoparticles in an inflammatory microenvironment. The manifold effects of metal oxide nanoparticles on macrophages depend on the type of metal and the route of synthesis. While largely considered as drug transporters, metal oxide nanoparticles nevertheless have an immunotherapeutic potential, as they can evoke pro- or anti-inflammatory effects on macrophages and become essential for macrophage profiling in cancer, wound healing, infections, and autoimmunity.

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Metal/Metal Oxide Nanoparticles: Toxicity, Applications, and Future Prospects

Current Pharmaceutical Design ◽

10.2174/1381612825666191111091326 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 25 (37) ◽

pp. 4013-4029 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Ratiram G. Chaudhary ◽

Ganesh S. Bhusari ◽

Ashish D. Tiple ◽

Alok R. Rai ◽

Subhash R. Somkuvar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metal Oxide ◽

Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Future Prospects ◽

Testing Methods ◽

Metal Metal ◽

Microbial Infections ◽

Crop Disease ◽

The Impact

The ever-growing resistance of pathogens to antibiotics and crop disease due to pest has triggered severe health concerns in recent years. Consequently, there is a need of powerful and protective materials for the eradication of diseases. Metal/metal oxide nanoparticles (M/MO NPs) are powerful agents due to their therapeutic effects in microbial infections. In this context, the present review article discusses the toxicity, fate, effects and applications of M/MO NPs. This review starts with an introduction, followed by toxicity aspects, antibacterial and testing methods and mechanism. In addition, discussion on the impact of different M/MO NPs and their characteristics such as size, shape, particle dissolution on their induced toxicity on food and plants, as well as applications in pesticides. Finally, prospective on current and future issues are presented.

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