scholarly journals Evaluation of PD-L1 Expression and HPV Genotyping in Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2516
Author(s):  
Anja Wessely ◽  
Markus V. Heppt ◽  
Claudia Kammerbauer ◽  
Theresa Steeb ◽  
Thomas Kirchner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Infection Status ◽  
Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Tumor Stages ◽  
Expression Status

Anal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a rare cancer with increasing incidence. Infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) subtypes is the major cause for its development. We retrospectively analyzed tumor samples from 54 anal SCC patients for infection with a panel of 32 HPV subtypes in a PCR-based approach, determined the PD-L1 expression status, and correlated the findings with the clinical data and the survival of the patients. Forty-two patients (77.8%) were HPV-positive and harbored at least one carcinogenic HPV subtype. HPV16 was the most frequently detected (n = 39, 72.2%). Four patients were infected with multiple HPV subtypes. HPV infection was significantly more often detected in female than in male patients (90.3% vs. 60.9%, p = 0.018). Patients with PD-L1 positive tumors showed a significantly better median overall survival (OS) compared with patients with PD-L1 negative tumors (69.3 vs. 28.3 months, p = 0.006). The median OS was significantly different among the distinct tumor stages (p = 0.029). Sex, grade of differentiation, and HPV infection status did not influence the median OS. Furthermore, HPV infection status and PD-L1 expression were not correlated. A multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that PD-L1 expression status was an independent prognostic marker for survival (p = 0.012).

scholarly journals A glycolysis-based three-gene signature predicts survival in patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guichuan Huang ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Ling Gong ◽  
Yi Huang ◽  
Daishun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Gene Signature ◽  
Gene Set Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Related Gene ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis

Abstract Background Lung cancer is one of the most lethal and most prevalent malignant tumors worldwide, and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) is one of the major histological subtypes. Although numerous biomarkers have been found to be associated with prognosis in LUSC, the prediction effect of a single gene biomarker is insufficient, especially for glycolysis-related genes. Therefore, we aimed to develop a novel glycolysis-related gene signature to predict survival in patients with LUSC. Methods The mRNA expression files and LUSC clinical information were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset. Results Based on Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), we found 5 glycolysis-related gene sets that were significantly enriched in LUSC tissues. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional regression models were performed to choose prognostic-related gene signatures. Based on a Cox proportional regression model, a risk score for a three-gene signature (HKDC1, ALDH7A1, and MDH1) was established to divide patients into high-risk and low-risk subgroups. Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that the risk score for this three-gene signature can be used as an independent prognostic indicator in LUSC. Additionally, based on the cBioPortal database, the rate of genomic alterations in the HKDC1, ALDH7A1, and MDH1 genes were 1.9, 1.1, and 5% in LUSC patients, respectively. Conclusion A glycolysis-based three-gene signature could serve as a novel biomarker in predicting the prognosis of patients with LUSC and it also provides additional gene targets that can be used to cure LUSC patients.

scholarly journals Single modality radical radiotherapy is an acceptable alternative for the older patient with squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e000492
Author(s):  
Sarah Derby ◽  
Matthew Forshaw ◽  
Caroline Lowrie ◽  
Derek Grose ◽  
Husam Marashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Multimodality Treatment ◽  
Radical Radiotherapy ◽  
Older Patient ◽  
Older Population ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Significant Difference

BackgroundOesophageal cancer remains a common cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Increasingly, oncology centres are treating an older population and comorbidities may preclude multimodality treatment with chemoradiotherapy (CRT). We review outcomes of radical radiotherapy (RT) in an older population treating squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) oesophagus.MethodsPatients over 65 years receiving RT for SCC oesophagus between 2013 and 2016 in the West of Scotland were identified. Kaplan-Meier and Cox-regression analysis were used to compare overall survival (OS) between patients treated with radical RT and radical CRT.ResultsThere were 83 patients over 65 years treated with either RT (n=21) or CRT (n=62). There was no significant difference in median OS between CRT versus RT (26.8 months vs 28.5 months, p=0.92). All patients receiving RT completed their treatment whereas 11% of CRT patients did not complete treatment.ConclusionSurvival in this non-trial older patient group managed with CRT is comparable to that reported in previous trials. RT shows better than expected outcomes which may reflect developments in RT technique. This review supports RT as an alternative in older patients, unfit for concurrent treatment.

scholarly journals Prognostic Significance of PD-L1 and mTOR Expression in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nattinee Charoen ◽  
Kitti Jantharapattana ◽  
Paramee Thongsuksai
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis

Objective: Programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) are key players in host immune evasion and oncogenic activation, respectively. Evidence of the prognostic role in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is conflicting. This study examined the associations of PD-L1 and mTOR expression with 5-year overall survival in OSCC patients. Material and Methods: The expressions of PD-L1 and mTOR proteins were immunohistochemically evaluated on tissue microarrays of 191 patients with OSCC who were treated by surgery at Songklanagarind Hospital, Thailand from 2008 to 2011. Cox regression analysis was used to determine independent prognostic factors. Results: PD-L1 expression was observed in 14.1% of cases while mTOR expression was present in 74.3% of cases. Females were more likely to have tumors with PD-L1 (p-value=0.007) and mTOR expressions (p-value=0.003) than males. In addition, lower clinical stage and well differentiated tumor are more likely to have mTOR expression (p-value= 0.038 and p-value<0.001, respectively). Cox regression analysis showed that age, tumor stage, nodal stage, combined surgical treatment with radiation or chemoradiation therapy, surgical margin status, PD-L1 expression and mTOR expression are independent prognostic factors. High PD-L1 expression (hazard ratio (HR) 3.14, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.26–7.79) and high mTOR expression (HR 1.69, 95% CI, 1.00–2.84) are strong predictors of poor outcome. Conclusion: A proportion of OSCC expressed PD-L1 and mTOR proteins. Expression of PD-L1 and mTOR proteins are strong prognostic factors of OSCC.

scholarly journals Development and Validation of a Ferroptosis-Related Gene Signature and Nomogram for Predicting the Prognosis of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiecheng Ye ◽  
Yining Wu ◽  
Heyuan Cai ◽  
Li Sun ◽  
Wanying Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Clinical Variable ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a common malignant tumor with high mortality and poor prognosis. Ferroptosis is a newly discovered form of cell death induced by iron-catalyzed excessive peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). However, the prognostic value of ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) for ESCC remains unclear. Based on the ESCC dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, we identified 39 prognostic FRGs through univariate Cox regression analysis. After LASSO regression and multivariate Cox regression analyses, a multigene signature based on 10 prognostic FRGs was constructed and successfully divided ESCC patients into two risk groups. Patients in the low-risk group showed a significantly better prognosis than patients in the high-risk group. In addition, we combined the risk score with clinical predictors to construct a nomogram for ESCC. The predictive ability of the nomogram was further verified by ROC curves and calibration plots in both the training and validation sets. The predictive power of the nomogram was demonstrated to be better than that of either the risk score or clinical variable alone. Furthermore, functional analysis revealed that the 10-FRG signature was mainly associated with ferroptosis, differentiation and immune response. Connectivity map analysis identified potential compounds capable of targeting FRGs in ESCC. Finally, we demonstrated the prognostic value of SRC gene in ESCC using the clinical samples and found that SRC inhibition sensitized ESCC cells to ferroptosis inducers by in vitro experiments. In conclusion, we identified and verified a 10-FRG prognostic signature and a nomogram, which provide individualized prognosis prediction and provide insight into potential therapeutic targets for ESCC.

scholarly journals Autophagy-Related Three-Gene Prognostic Signature for Predicting Survival in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heyang Cui ◽  
Yongjia Weng ◽  
Ning Ding ◽  
Chen Cheng ◽  
Longlong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Prognostic Model ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
The Cancer Genome Atlas ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Discovery Cohort ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most aggressive malignant tumors in China, and its prognosis remains poor. Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved catabolic process involved in the occurrence and development of ESCC. In this study, we described the expression profile of autophagy-related genes (ARGs) in ESCC and developed a prognostic prediction model for ESCC patients based on the expression pattern of ARGs. We used four ESCC cohorts, GSE53624 (119 samples) set as the discovery cohort, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) ESCC set (95 samples) as the validation cohort, 155 ESCC cohort, and Oncomine cohort were used to screen and verify differentially expressed ARGs. We identified 34 differentially expressed genes out of 222 ARGs. In the discovery cohort, we divided ESCC patients into three groups that showed significant differences in prognosis. Then, we analyzed the prognosis of 34 differentially expressed ARGs. Three genes [poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1), integrin alpha-6 (ITGA6), and Fas-associated death domain (FADD)] were ultimately obtained through random forest feature selection and were constructed as an ARG-related prognostic model. This model was further validated in TCGA ESCC set. Cox regression analysis confirmed that the three-gene signature was an independent prognostic factor for ESCC patients. This signature effectively stratified patients in both discovery and validation cohorts by overall survival (P = 5.162E-8 and P = 0.052, respectively). We also constructed a clinical nomogram with a concordance index of 0.713 to predict the survival possibility of ESCC patients by integrating clinical characteristics and the ARG signature. The calibration curves substantiated fine concordance between nomogram prediction and actual observation. In conclusion, we constructed a new ARG-related prognostic model, which shows the potential to improve the ability of individualized prognosis prediction in ESCC.

scholarly journals The Value of Complete Blood Count For The Prognosis Analysis of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Lv ◽  
Songtao Han ◽  
Bin Xu ◽  
Yuqin Deng ◽  
Feng Yangchun
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Blood Count ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis

Abstract Objective To investigate the value of complete blood count in predicting the survival rate of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Methods A total of 3587 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who were initially admitted to the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2010 to December 2017 were collected by retrospective study. The relevant clinical data were collected by the medical record system, and the patients were followed up by the hospital medical record follow-up system. The follow-up outcome was death. The survival time of all patients was obtained. The survival curve was established using the cut-off value of each index obtained by ROC curve. The Cox proportional hazards regression analysis model and nomogram were established to predict the survival prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. The role of each index in the prognosis of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma was studied Results The cut-off values of NLR, NMR, LMR, RDW and PDW in blood routine were 3.52, 10.22, 2.25, 13.85% and 12.05%, respectively. Survival curve analysis showed that patients aged < 60 years and NLR < 3.52 had survival. All indicators were divided into high and low groups according to ROC curve. Univariate Cox regression analysis model showed that RDW (≥ 13.85) and NLR (≥ 3.52) groups were risk factors for the prognosis of ESCC, with HR values of 1.099 (1.015–1.191; p = 0.020) and 1.340 (1.231–1.458; p < 0.001) compared with RDW (< 13.85) and NLR (< 3.52), respectively; multivariate Cox regression analysis model showed that NLR was significantly associated with the prognosis of ESCC, with HR of 1.342 (1.232–1.461; p < 0.001) for NLR (≥ 3.52) NLR (< 3.52). Conclusion NLR results in blood count can be used to predict the survival of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

scholarly journals How I treat anal squamous cell carcinoma

ESMO Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Suppl 2) ◽  
pp. e000711
Author(s):  
Giulia Martini ◽  
Gianluca Arrichiello ◽  
Carola Borrelli ◽  
Luca Poliero ◽  
Erika Martinelli
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Single Agent ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Systemic Treatments

Squamous cell carcinoma of the anus (SCCA) is a rising health issue, strongly related to other relevant medical conditions such as (HIV) and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Correct assessment of patients with SCCA requires a multidisciplinary evaluation and adequate follow-up. Accurate local and systemic staging, as well as risk evaluation, are essential to optimal treatment planning. Early stage tumours can be definitively treated with a combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, while salvage surgery is usually reserved for patients who develop local recurrence. Distant recurrence and de novo metastatic disease are associated with poorer prognosis and require palliative systemic chemotherapy, with different single agent and combination options available. Finally, recent discoveries on the carcinogenesis of SCCA have allowed the development of innovative treatment options, the most promising being immune checkpoint inhibitors. The limited systemic treatments for SCCA and low incidence of the disease, together with insufficient data from clinical research could explain the poor outcomes of these patients, which should therefore be managed in high volume centres and enrolled in clinical trials whenever possible. This article summarises the main strategies for treating patients with SCCA.

Prognostic value of programmed death-ligand 1 expression in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qun Zhang ◽  
Feng Li ◽  
Peng Cai ◽  
Hongwei Li ◽  
Hongmei Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Programmed Death Ligand 1 ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Programmed Death ◽  
L1 Protein

Abstract Background To investigate the expression of PD-L1(programmed death-ligand 1)in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and its clinical significance. Methods The tissue expression of PD-L1 protein in 139 cases of ESCC and 50 adjacent non-malignant epithelial tissues (> 5 cm from the tumor resection margins) were identified by immunohistochemical staining. Subsequently, the relationship between expression and the observed clinical characteristics was analyzed. Results The positive expression rate of PD-L1 protein was increased in tumor tissues compared to that of adjacent noncancerous mucosa tissues (40.3% vs. 22.0%, P < 0.05). The findings also indicated that PD-L1 protein expression had no significant correlation with age, gender, tumor location, differentiation and lymph node (N) status (P > 0.05). The 91 months follow-up Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that patients in positively expressed PD-L1 group experienced a lower survival rate compared to their negatively expressed PD-L1 counterparts (32.1% vs. 48.2%, P < 0.05). The COX regression analysis results suggested that PD-L1 represented an independent prognosis factor for ESCC. Conclusions The findings indicated that PD-L1 plays an important role in the progression of ESCC and might represent a potential therapeutic and prognostic target for ESCC patients.

Development of an immunogenomics-based prognostic index model of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yujie Shen ◽  
Han Zhou ◽  
Shikun Dong ◽  
Meiping Lu ◽  
Weida Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Prognostic Index ◽  
Functional Enrichment ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Receptor Interaction ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis

Abstract Background: The immune system greatly affects the prognosis of various malignancies. Studies on differentially expressed immune-related genes (IRGs) in the immune microenvironment of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) have rarely been reported.Methods: In this paper, the prognostic potentials of IRGs in LSCC were explored. The RNAseq dataset containing differentially expressed IRGs and corresponding clinical information of LSCC patients was obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). A total of 371 up-regulated and 61 down-regulated IRGs were identified. Subsequent functional enrichment analysis revealed that the pathway of IRGs was mainly enriched in the cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. Then, 30 IRGs with prognostic potentials in LSCC were screened out, and the regulatory network induced by relevant transcription factors (TFs) were constructed.Results: Finally, multivariate Cox regression analysis was conducted to assess the prognostic potential of 15 IRGs after adjustment of clinical factors and LSCC patients were classified into 2 subgroups based on different outcomes. The gene expression of the model was verified by other independent databases. Nomogram including the 15 IRGs signature was established and shown some clinical net beneft. Intriguingly, B cells were significantly enriched in the low-risk group. Conclusion:These findings may contribute to the development of potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers for the new-immunotherapy of LSCC.

Pre-treatment anaemia alters outcome in early squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx treated by radical radiotherapy

1999 ◽  
Vol 113 (9) ◽  
pp. 829-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Grant ◽  
A. Hussain ◽  
D. Hurman
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Regional Control ◽  
Carcinoma Of The Larynx ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Early Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Local Regional Control

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to examine the effect of pre-treatment anaemia on tumour recurrence and survival in patients treated with primary radiotherapy for early squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx. A retrospective analysis of 117 patients with previously untreated T1N0M0 and T2N0M0 squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx was carried out. Patients were considered anaemic if their pre-treatment haemoglobin levels were below 13 g/dl in males and 11.5 g/dl in females. The influence of pre-treatment haemoglobin levels on local control and survival were evaluated using Cox proportional hazards regression models.Two- and five-year local-regional control estimates for anaemic patients were 58 per cent and 53 per cent respectively while patients with normal haemoglobin levels had two and five-year local-regional control rates of 90 per cent and 81 per cent respectively (p = 0.002). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed pre-treatment haemoglobin significantly influencing recurrence-free survival (p = 0.0094).Patients with a low haemoglobin level prior to radiation therapy suffered higher levels of local-regional failure.

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