scholarly journals Circulating IL-13 Is Associated with De Novo Development of HCC in HCV-Infected Patients Responding to Direct-Acting Antivirals

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3820
Author(s):  
Zuzana Macek Jílková ◽  
Arnaud Seigneurin ◽  
Celine Coppard ◽  
Laurissa Ouaguia ◽  
Caroline Aspord ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
De Novo ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Lasso Regression ◽  
Direct Acting Antivirals ◽  
Immune Mediators ◽  
Luminex Technology ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Selection Operator ◽  
Direct Acting ◽  
Subsequent Time Point

Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) are highly effective in targeting hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections, but the incidence of HCV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains still high. In this study, we investigated a cohort of HCV-infected patients treated with DAAs who were followed up for 4 years after sustained virological response (SVR) achievement. Patients who developed de novo HCC following DAA treatment were compared to matched controls who did not develop HCC. These control patients were selected based on DAA treatment, sex, age, fibrosis status, and platelet counts. We evaluated serum levels of 30 immune mediators before, during, at the end of, and three months after DAA treatment using Luminex technology. We identified the immune factors associated with de novo HCC occurrence following DAA treatment. Specifically, interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 levels were significantly higher before start of the DAA treatment in the serum of patients who later developed HCC than in controls and stayed higher at each subsequent time point. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression revealed IL-13 as the only strong factor associated with HCC development in this cohort of HCV patients. The difference was observed already at baseline of DAA treatment, which confirms the existence of a specific immune profile in these patients who later develop HCC.

Incidence and Characteristics of de novo Renal Cryoglobulinemia After Direct-Acting Antivirals Treatment in an Egyptian Hepatitis C Cohort

Nephron ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Fayed ◽  
Mahmoud M. El Nokeety ◽  
Tarek Samy Abdelaziz ◽  
Hussien H. Samir ◽  
Wael M. Hamza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Direct Acting Antivirals ◽  
Direct Acting

A genetic risk score predicts de novo hepatocellular carcinoma in hepatitis C cirrotic patients treated with direct-acting antivirals

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. S208-S209
Author(s):  
Elisabetta Degasperi ◽  
Enrico Galmozzi ◽  
Serena Pelusi ◽  
Roberta D’ambrosio ◽  
Roberta Soffredini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Genetic Risk Score ◽  
Direct Acting Antivirals ◽  
Direct Acting ◽  
De Novo Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Hepatocellular Carcinoma Occurrence/Recurrence after Direct-Acting Antivirals for Hepatitis C in Egyptian Cohort: Single-Center Experience

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 488-497
Author(s):  
Sameh A. Lashen ◽  
Mohammed M. Shamseya ◽  
Marwa A. Madkour
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Alpha Fetoprotein ◽  
Direct Acting Antivirals ◽  
Single Center ◽  
Single Center Experience ◽  
Direct Acting ◽  
Hcc Recurrence

Background: Conflicting data have been published about the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) following direct-acting antivirals (DAAs). We investigated the incidence of HCC occurrence/recurrence after DAAs therapy. Patients and Methods: Retrospectively, we analyzed data of 392 patients with F3–4 fibrosis and cirrhosis treated by DAAs during the period from August 2015 to May 2018. In HCC-experienced patients, HCC treatment modality, and the duration between HCC management and DAAs initiation were recorded. In all patients, pretreatment clinicolaboratory evaluation, and imaging before, during and after DAAs were done. Results: De novo HCC occurred in 7.6% of naïve patients, while recurrence appeared in 28% of patients with previous HCC. Pretreatment alpha-fetoprotein was an independent predictor of HCC occurrence, while the time between HCC ablation and the beginning of DAAs was the only predictor of HCC recurrence (p < 0.001). Half of the patients who started DAAs before 6 months had HCC recurrence, while patients who started DAAs at ≥6 months had no recurrence (p< 0.0001). Conclusions: Although HCC occurrence after DAAs was not high, recurrence was apparently high. Pretreatment alpha-fetoprotein is a predictor for de novo HCC. The time between HCC ablation and DAAs was the strongest predictor of recurrence.

P53 is a risk factor of de-novo hepatitis C-related hepatocellular carcinoma treated with direct-acting antivirals

2020 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Omran ◽  
Manar Fouda ◽  
Abdelwahab Osama Abdelwahab ◽  
Mohamed Mahmoud Nabeel ◽  
Ashraf Omar Abdelaziz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Direct Acting Antivirals ◽  
Direct Acting

scholarly journals Advancing Cave Detection Using Terrain Analysis and Thermal Imagery

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 3578
Author(s):  
J. Judson Wynne ◽  
Jeff Jenness ◽  
Derek L. Sonderegger ◽  
Timothy N. Titus ◽  
Murzy D. Jhabvala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mojave Desert ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Terrain Analysis ◽  
Lasso Regression ◽  
Thermal Imagery ◽  
Cave Entrance ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Selection Operator ◽  
Cave Detection

Since the initial experiments nearly 50 years ago, techniques for detecting caves using airborne and spacecraft acquired thermal imagery have improved markedly. These advances are largely due to a combination of higher instrument sensitivity, modern computing systems, and processor-intensive analytical techniques. Through applying these advancements, our goals were to: (1) Determine the efficacy of methods designed for terrain analysis and applied to thermal imagery; (2) evaluate the usefulness of predawn and midday imagery for detecting caves; and (3) ascertain which imagery type (predawn, midday, or the difference between those two times) was most informative. Using forward stepwise logistic (FSL) and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression analyses for model selection, and a thermal imagery dataset acquired from the Mojave Desert, California, we examined the efficacy of three well-known terrain descriptors (i.e., slope, topographic position index (TPI), and curvature) on thermal imagery for cave detection. We also included the actual, untransformed thermal DN values (hereafter “unenhanced thermal”) as a fourth dataset. Thereafter, we compared the thermal signatures of known cave entrances to all non-cave surface locations. We determined these terrain-based analytical methods, which described the “shape” of the thermal landscape, hold significant promise for cave detection. All imagery types produced similar results. Down-selected covariates per imagery type, based upon the FSL models, were: Predawn— slope, TPI, curvature at 0 m from cave entrance, as well as slope at 1 m from cave entrance; midday— slope, TPI, and unenhanced thermal at 0 m from cave entrance; and difference— TPI and slope at 0 m from cave entrance, as well as unenhanced thermal and TPI at 3.5 m from cave entrance. We provide recommendations for future research directions in terrestrial and planetary cave detection using thermal imagery.

scholarly journals Biomarkers Associated with Physical Resilience After Hip Fracture

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
pp. e166-e172
Author(s):  
Daniel C Parker ◽  
Cathleen Colόn-Emeric ◽  
Janet L Huebner ◽  
Ching-Heng Chou ◽  
Virginia Byers Kraus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Canonical Correlation ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Lasso Regression ◽  
Circulating Micrornas ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Selection Operator ◽  
Better Than

Abstract Background Clinically similar older adults demonstrate variable responses to health stressors, heterogeneity attributable to differences in physical resilience. However, molecular mechanisms underlying physical resilience are unknown. We previously derived a measure of physical resilience after hip fracture—the expected recovery differential (ERD)—that captures the difference between actual recovery and predicted recovery. Starting with biomarkers associated with physical performance, morbidity, mortality, and hip fracture, we evaluated associations with the ERD to identify biomarkers of physical resilience after hip fracture. Methods In the Baltimore Hip Studies (N = 304) sera, we quantified biomarkers of inflammation (TNFR-I, TNFR-II, sVCAM-1, and IL-6), metabolic and mitochondrial function (non-esterified fatty acids, lactate, ketones, acylcarnitines, free amino acids, and IGF-1), and epigenetic dysregulation (circulating microRNAs). We used principal component analysis, canonical correlation, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression (LASSO) to identify biomarker associations with better-than-expected recovery (greater ERD) after hip fracture. Results Participants with greater ERD were more likely to be women and less disabled at baseline. The complete biomarker set explained 37% of the variance in ERD (p &lt; .001) by canonical correlation. LASSO regression identified a biomarker subset that accounted for 27% of the total variance in the ERD and included a metabolic factor (aspartate/asparagine, C22, C5:1, lactate, glutamate/mine), TNFR-I, miR-376a-3p, and miR-16-5p. Conclusions We identified a set of biomarkers that explained 27% of the variance in ERD—a measure of physical resilience after hip fracture. These ERD-associated biomarkers may be useful in predicting physical resilience in older adults facing hip fracture and other acute health stressors.

Early occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with and without cirrhosis after HCV treatment with direct-acting antivirals.

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 356-356
Author(s):  
Fabian Finkelmeier ◽  
Georg Dultz ◽  
Bernd Kronenberger ◽  
Kai Henrik Peiffer ◽  
Franziska Krauss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Direct Acting Antivirals ◽  
Historical Cohort ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients ◽  
Direct Acting

356 Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate the risk of HCC development after treatment with direct-acting antivirals (DAA) and to compare hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occurrence to patients treated with interferon (IFN)-based therapies. Methods: We analyzed a large cohort with chronic HCV patients for the onset of new hepatocellular carcinoma after DAA treatment. A historic interferon treated cohort was investigated for comparison. Results: 819 patients were included in the DAA group, 269 (32.8%) had established cirrhosis. Median follow up was 263 days (0-1001). 25 patients (3.1%) were diagnosed with de novo HCC within the observation time. All of these patients had established cirrhosis. Patients with new HCC were mostly male, older, treatment experienced, had a lower SVR12 rate and higher levels of liver inflammation markers. Investigation of the subcohort of 269 cirrhotic patients yielded a HCC rate of 9.3% during the follow-up of approximately one year. Non-SVR12 was an independent risk factor for de novo HCC (OR 4.983, 1.39-17.88, 0.014). Most HCCs were diagnosed in early stage BCLC A. In the historical cohort of 351 IFN treated patients the rate of de novo HCC was 5.4% overall and 11.8% in patients with already established cirrhosis (n = 68). In the multivariate analysis failed SVR (OR 5.386, 1.155-25.108, p = 0.032) remained an independent risk factor for de novo HCC. In a combined analysis of all patients (DAA and IFN treated) in a multivariate approach male gender, failed SVR and cirrhosis were independent factors for HCC development. Conclusions: DAA treatment in cirrhotic patients does not seem to reduce the risk of HCC development in the short term. HCC rates were not different between DAA-treated patients and those who received interferon. Achievement of SVR seems to be the most important aim to prevent HCC development.

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