scholarly journals Neuroendocrine-Related Circulating Transcripts in Small-Cell Lung Cancers: Detection Methods and Future Perspectives

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1339
Author(s):  
Lucia Anna Muscarella ◽  
Tommaso Mazza ◽  
Federico Pio Fabrizio ◽  
Angelo Sparaneo ◽  
Vito D’Alessandro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Cell ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Great Opportunity ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Lung Cancers ◽  
New Findings

No well-established prognostic or predictive molecular markers of small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) are currently available; therefore, all patients receive standard treatment. Adequate quantities and quality of tissue samples are frequently unavailable to perform a molecular analysis of SCLC, which appears more heterogeneous and dynamic than expected. The implementation of techniques to study circulating tumor cells could offer a suitable alternative to expand the knowledge of the molecular basis of a tumor. In this context, the advantage of SCLC circulating cells to express some specific markers to be explored in blood as circulating transcripts could offer a great opportunity in distinguishing and managing different SCLC phenotypes. Here, we present a summary of published data and new findings about the detection methods and potential application of a group of neuroendocrine related transcripts in the peripheral blood of SCLC patients. In the era of new treatments, easy and rapid detection of informative biomarkers in blood warrants further investigation, since it represents an important option to obtain essential information for disease monitoring and/or better treatment choices.

scholarly journals Gene expression signatures as candidate biomarkers of response to PD-1 blockade in non-small cell lung cancers

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0260500
Author(s):  
Tomoiki Aiba ◽  
Chieko Hattori ◽  
Jun Sugisaka ◽  
Hisashi Shimizu ◽  
Hirotaka Ono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Success ◽  
Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Predictive Biomarker ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Scoring Method ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Lung Cancers ◽  
Whole Transcriptome Sequencing

Although anti-PD-1/PD-L1 monotherapy has achieved clinical success in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), definitive predictive biomarkers remain to be elucidated. In this study, we performed whole-transcriptome sequencing of pretreatment tumor tissue samples and pretreatment and on-treatment whole blood samples (WB) samples obtained from a clinically annotated cohort of NSCLC patients (n = 40) treated with nivolumab (anti-PD-1) monotherapy. Using a single-sample gene set enrichment scoring method, we found that the tumors of responders with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD, n = 20) are inherently immunogenic to promote antitumor immunity, whereas those with lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC, n = 18) have a less immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. These findings suggested that nivolumab may function as a molecular targeted agent in LUAD and as an immunomodulating agent in LUSC. In addition, our study explains why the reliability of PD-L1 expression on tumor cells as a predictive biomarker for the response to nivolumab monotherapy is quite different between LUAD and LUSC.

scholarly journals Immunotherapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer With Actionable Mutations Other Than EGFR

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karan Seegobin ◽  
Umair Majeed ◽  
Nathaniel Wiest ◽  
Rami Manochakian ◽  
Yanyan Lou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Objective Response ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
Lung Cancers

While first line targeted therapies are the current standard of care treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with actionable mutations, the cancer cells inevitably acquire resistance to these agents over time. Immune check-point inhibitors (ICIs) have improved the outcomes of metastatic NSCLC, however, its efficacy in those with targetable drivers is largely unknown. In this manuscript, we reviewed the published data on ICI therapies in NSCLC with ALK, ROS1, BRAF, c-MET, RET, NTRK, KRAS, and HER2 (ERBB2) alterations. We found that the objective response rates (ORRs) associated with ICI treatments in lung cancers harboring the BRAF (0–54%), c-MET (12–49%), and KRAS (18.7-66.7%) alterations were comparable to non-mutant NSCLC, whereas the ORRs in RET fusion NSCLC (less than10% in all studies but one) and ALK fusion NSCLC (0%) were relatively low. The ORRs reported in small numbers of patients and studies of ROS1 fusion, NTRK fusion, and HER 2 mutant NSCLC were 0–17%, 50% and 7–23%, respectively, making the efficacy of ICIs in these groups of patients less clear. In most studies, no significant correlation between treatment outcome and PD-L1 expression or tumor mutation burden (TMB) was identified, and how to select patients with NSCLC harboring actionable mutations who will likely benefit from ICI treatment remains unknown.

scholarly journals Sensitive detection methods are key to identify secondary EGFR c.2369C>T p.(Thr790Met) in non-small cell lung cancer tissue samples

BMC Cancer ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cleo Keppens ◽  
Elisabeth M. C. Dequeker ◽  
Etienne Rouleau ◽  
Nils ’t Hart ◽  
Lukas Bubendorf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Sensitive Detection ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Cancer Tissue ◽  
Lung Cancer Tissue ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Tissue Samples

The tyrosine kinase TEK is differentially expressed in non-small cell lung adenocarcinomas.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahan Mamoor
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Tyrosine Kinase ◽  
Lung Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Microarray Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Significant Differential Expression ◽  
Lung Cancers ◽  
Lung Adenocarcinomas

Non-small cell lung adenocarcinoma (NSCLC) is a leading cause of death in the United States and worldwide (1, 2). We mined published microarray data (3, 4, 5) to discover genes associated with NSCLC. We identified significant differential expression of the tyrosine kinase TEK in tumors from patients with NSCLC. TEK may be of relevance to the initiation, progression or maintenance of non-small cell lung cancers.

Exhaustive Review on Lung Cancers: Novel Technologies

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 873-883
Author(s):  
Sajad Khan ◽  
Shahid Ali ◽  
Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Immune Therapy ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Microscopic Appearance ◽  
Lung Cancers ◽  
Novel Technologies

Background:Lung cancers or (Bronchogenic-Carcinomas) are the disease in certain parts of the lungs in which irresistible multiplication of abnormal cells leads to the inception of a tumor. Lung cancers consisting of two substantial forms based on the microscopic appearance of tumor cells are: Non-Small-Cell-Lung-Cancer (NSCLC) (80 to 85%) and Small-Cell-Lung-Cancer (SCLC) (15 to 20%).Discussion:Lung cancers are existing luxuriantly across the globe and the most prominent cause of death in advanced countries (USA & UK). There are many causes of lung cancers in which the utmost imperative aspect is the cigarette smoking. During the early stage, there is no perspicuous sign/symptoms but later many symptoms emerge in the infected individual such as insomnia, headache, pain, loss of appetite, fatigue, coughing etc. Lung cancers can be diagnosed in many ways, such as history, physical examination, chest X-rays and biopsy. However, after the diagnosis and confirmation of lung carcinoma, various treatment approaches are existing for curing of cancer in different stages such as surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and immune therapy. Currently, novel techniques merged that revealed advancements in detection and curing of lung cancer in which mainly includes: microarray analysis, gene expression profiling.Conclusion:Consequently, the purpose of the current analysis is to specify and epitomize the novel literature pertaining to the development of cancerous cells in different parts of the lung, various preeminent approaches of prevention, efficient diagnostic procedure, and treatments along with novel technologies for inhibition of cancerous cell growth in advance stages.

Mutational and Expressional Analysis of DOK2 Gene in Non-small Cell Lung Cancers

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Nam Jin Yoo ◽  
Min Sung Kim ◽  
Sug Hyung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Lung Cancers ◽  
Expressional Analysis
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