scholarly journals Difference in Computed Tomography Image Quality between Central Vein and Peripheral Vein Enhancement in Treatment Naive Esophageal Cancer Patients

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 4172
Author(s):  
Chun-Bi Chang ◽  
Chien-Cheng Chen ◽  
Huan-Wu Chen ◽  
Ching-Feng Wu ◽  
Jui-Ying Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Image Quality ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Tumor Stage ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Clinical Staging ◽  
Central Vein ◽  
Stage Migration ◽  
Peripheral Vein ◽  
N Stage

The differences in chest computed tomography (CT) image quality may affect the tumor stage. The aim of this study was to compare the image quality and accuracy of chest CT via central vein and peripheral vein enhancement. Fifty consecutive patients were enrolled from a tertiary medical center in Taiwan from May 2016 to March 2019. All the patients received a chest CT via central vein enhancement prior to neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiation in order to compare the chest CT that was obtained via the peripheral vein. In addition, blind independent central reviews of chest CT via central vein and peripheral vein enhancement were conducted. For T and N stage, chest CT via central vein enhancement had a greater consistency with endoscopic ultrasonography and positron-emission tomography-computed tomography findings (kappa coefficients 0.4471 and 0.5564, respectively). In addition, chest CT via central vein enhancement also showed excellent agreement in the blind independent central review (kappa coefficient 0.9157). The changes in the T and N stage resulted in stage migration in 16 patients. Chest CT via central vein enhancement eliminated peripheral vein regurgitation and also provided more precise clinical staging. This study is registered under the registered NCT number 02887261.

scholarly journals Adaptive Statistical Iterative Reconstructions Technique (ASIR) Impact on Both Image Quality and Dose in CT Chest Examination

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 5574-5585
Author(s):  
Mariam Isam ◽  
Ayman Mokhtar ◽  
A. Abdelrazek ◽  
Sabry EL Mogy ◽  
A.H. Oraby
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Image Quality ◽  
Iterative Reconstruction ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Filter Back Projection ◽  
Back Projection ◽  
Adaptive Statistical Iterative Reconstruction ◽  
Statistical Iterative Reconstruction ◽  
Chest Examination ◽  
Projection Techniques

The main objective of the presented study was to estimate the influence of Adaptive Statistical Iterative Reconstruction (ASIR) algorithm on image and dose Image Quality in Chest CT (Computed tomography) examination compared with the FBP (Filter back projection) techniques.

scholarly journals Application of Mobile Helical Computed Tomography in Combatting COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaolong Liu ◽  
Zhanguo Sun ◽  
Xiaoqiang Wang ◽  
Yueqin Chen ◽  
Linsheng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Image Quality ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Helical Computed Tomography ◽  
Ct Scanner ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Cloud Technology ◽  
Ct Data ◽  
Mobile Ct

Background: Chest computed tomography (CT) is a recommended screening and assessment tool for patients with suspected coronavirus disease (COVID-19). However, CT units are currently not available in many temporary hospitals and centralized isolation places. Objectives: To delineate the workflow of mobile CT unit and evaluate its role in screening for COVID-19 infection in temporary hospitals and centralized isolation locations. Patients and Methods: Two hundred and twenty-three patients under medical observation in temporary centralized isolation were enrolled in this study. All patients underwent reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing and mobile CT chest examinations. Communication, storage, and browsing of CT data were performed with 4G and cloud technology. Image quality and radiation dose were evaluated and compared with a commercial conventional 64-row CT scanner. Additionally, the sensitivity of initial chest CT and the initial RT-PCR for COVID-19 were compared. Results: CT examination of 223 patients was completed within 19 work hours. Communication, storage, and browsing of CT data via 4G and cloud technology were seamless. There were no significant differences in subjective image quality scores between groups (P > 0.05). COVID-19 pneumonia was eventually confirmed in 49 patients (21.97%). The sensitivity of initial chest CT was greater than that of the initial RT-PCR (85.71% and 67.35%, respectively) (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Screening suspected patients for COVID-19 by mobile CT in temporary hospitals and isolation points is a simple, efficient, and highly sensitive technique for early diagnosis and control of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Correlation between serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 levels and computed tomography severity score in patients with nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kangjoon Kim ◽  
Seung Hyun Yong ◽  
Su Hwan Lee ◽  
Sang Hoon Lee ◽  
Ah Young Leem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Severity Score ◽  
Partial Correlation ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Carbohydrate Antigen ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Clinical Biomarker ◽  
Serum Carbohydrate Antigen

AbstractThere is no validated clinical biomarker for disease severity or treatment response for nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD). We investigated the correlation between elevated serum carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 levels and NTM-PD disease activity, defined using an imaging severity score based on chest computed tomography (CT). We retrospectively examined 79 patients with NTM-PD who underwent serum CA19-9 level assessments and chest CT less than 1 month apart. NTM-PD severity was rated using a CT-based scoring system. The correlation between the CT score and serum CA19-9 levels was evaluated. Chest CT revealed nodular bronchiectasis without cavitation in most patients (78.5%). Serum CA19-9 levels were elevated in 19 (24%) patients. Serum CA19-9 levels were positively correlated with the total CT score and bronchiectasis, bronchiolitis, cavity, and consolidation subscores. Partial correlation analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between serum CA19-9 levels and CT scores for total score and bronchiectasis, bronchiolitis, cavitation, and consolidation subscores after controlling for age, sex, and BMI. Serum CA19-9 levels were positively correlated with the CT severity score for NTM-PD. Serum CA19-9 may be useful in evaluating disease activity or therapeutic response in patients with NTM-PD.

scholarly journals Self-navigated 3D whole-heart MRA for non-enhanced surveillance of thoracic aortic dilation: a comparison to CTA

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
P Poskaite ◽  
M Pamminger ◽  
C Kranewitter ◽  
C Kremser ◽  
M Reindl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Image Quality ◽  
Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Aortic Dilation ◽  
Subjective Image Quality ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Whole Heart ◽  
Enhanced Computed Tomography ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Background The natural history of thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) is one of progressive expansion. Asymptomatic patients who do not meet criteria for repair require conservative management including ongoing aneurysm surveillance, mostly carried out by contrast-enhanced computed tomography angiography (CTA). Purpose To prospectively compare image quality and reliability of a prototype non-contrast, self-navigated 3D whole-heart magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) with contrast-enhanced computed tomography angiography (CTA) for sizing of thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA). Methods Self-navigated 3D whole-heart 1.5 T MRA was performed in 20 patients (aged 67 ± 8.6 years, 75% male) for sizing of TAA; a subgroup of 18 (90%) patients underwent additional contrast-enhanced CTA on the same day. Subjective image quality was scored according to a 4-point Likert scale and ratings between observers were compared by Cohen’s Kappa statistics. Continuous MRA and CTA measurements were analyzed with regression and Bland-Altman analysis. Results Overall subjective image quality as rated by two observers was 1 [interquartile range (IQR) 1-2] for self-navigated MRA and 1.5 [IQR 1-2] for CTA (p = 0.717). For MRA a perfect inter-observer agreement was found for presence of artefacts and subjective image sharpness (κ=1). Subjective signal inhomogeneity correlated highly with objectively quantified inhomogeneity of the blood pool signal (r = 0.78-0.824, all p &lt;0.0001). Maximum diameters of TAA as measured by self-navigated MRA and CTA showed excellent correlation (r = 0.997, p &lt; 0.0001) without significant inter-method bias (bias -0.0278, lower and upper limit of agreement -0.74 and 0.68, p = 0.749). Inter- and intraobserver correlation of aortic aneurysm as measured by MRA was excellent (r = 0.963 and 0.967, respectively) without significant bias (all p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion Self-navigated 3D whole-heart MRA enables reliable contrast- and radiation free aortic dilation surveillance without significant difference to standardized CTA while providing predictable acquisition time and by offering excellent image quality. Abstract Figure.

scholarly journals Correlation between age, sex, and severity of Coronavirus disease-19 based on chest computed tomography severity scoring system

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shimaa Farghaly ◽  
Marwa Makboul
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Severity Scoring ◽  
Chest Computed Tomography ◽  
Severity Of The Disease

Abstract Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the most recent global health emergency; early diagnosis of COVID-19 is very important for rapid clinical interventions and patient isolation; chest computed tomography (CT) plays an important role in screening, diagnosis, and evaluating the progress of the disease. According to the results of different studies, due to high severity of the disease, clinicians should be aware of the different potential risk factors associated with the fatal outcome, so chest CT severity scoring system was designed for semi-quantitative assessment of the severity of lung disease in COVID-19 patients, ranking the pulmonary involvement on 25 points severity scale according to extent of lung abnormalities; this study aims to evaluate retrospectively the relationship between age and severity of COVID-19 in both sexes based on chest CT severity scoring system. Results Age group C (40–49 year) was the commonest age group that was affected by COVID-19 by 21.3%, while the least affected group was group F (≥ 70 years) by only 6.4%. As regards COVID-RADS classification, COVID-RADS-3 was the most commonly presented at both sexes in all different age groups. Total CT severity lung score had a positive strong significant correlation with the age of the patient (r = 0.64, P < 0.001). Also, a positive strong significant correlation was observed between CT severity lung score and age in both males and females (r = 0.59, P < 0.001) and (r = 0.69, P < 0.001) respectively. Conclusion We concluded that age can be considered as a significant risk factor for the severity of COVID-19 in both sexes. Also, CT can be used as a significant diagnostic tool for the diagnosis of COVID-19 and evaluation of the progression and severity of the disease.

scholarly journals A technical note on intra-arterial cone-beam computed tomography for the evaluation of flow-diverter stents: Image quality differences between diluted and non-diluted contrast medium

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-169
Author(s):  
Naci Kocer ◽  
Sedat G Kandemirli ◽  
Daniel Ruijters ◽  
Michalis Mantatzis ◽  
Osman Kizilkilic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Image Quality ◽  
Contrast Medium ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Vessel Wall ◽  
Flow Diverter ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Gray Scale ◽  
Stent Deployment ◽  
Contrast Technique

Background Design of flow-diverter stents for flexibility, tractability, and low profile limits their radiopacity on conventional digital subtraction angiography. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) offers higher spatial resolution for the evaluation of flow-diverter stents. However, CBCT requires optimal dilution and timing of contrast medium for simultaneous visualization of the stent, arterial lumen, and vessel wall. There are only limited data on the effects of different contrast dilutions on CBCT image quality in neurointerventional applications. Materials and methods In our institution, intra-arterial CBCTs were acquired during stent deployment and at follow-ups with 10% diluted contrast. We had recently started acquiring intra-arterial CBCTs with non-diluted contrast. Retrospective analysis of our flow-diverter data identified eight cases with different aneurysm locations who had intra-arterial CBCT with 10% diluted contrast immediately after flow-diverter stent deployment and with non-diluted contrast technique during follow-ups. For each case, the image quality between diluted and non-diluted contrast techniques was compared qualitatively by assessing stent visualization and quantitatively by plotting gray-scale intensity values along the vessel lumen. Results In two sets of CBCT images per each case, there was no substantial difference between diluted and non-diluted CBTC techniques for the evaluation of stent architecture and lumen opacification. Gray-scale intensity values perpendicular to the lumen revealed similar intensity values along the neighboring parenchyma, vessel wall, and lumen for the two different contrast techniques. Conclusion Intra-arterial CBCT angiography can be performed without contrast dilution and still achieve adequate image quality in certain cerebral aneurysms treated with flow diverter. The non-diluted contrast technique avoids the time loss during preparation of diluted contrast and installation of diluted contrast to the injector in angiography suites with a single power injector.

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