scholarly journals Characterization of Anaerobic Biofilms Growing on Carbon Felt Bioanodes Exposed to Air

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1341
Author(s):  
Raúl M. Alonso ◽  
Guillermo Pelaz ◽  
María Isabel San-Martín ◽  
Antonio Morán ◽  
Adrián Escapa
Keyword(s):  
Normal Operation ◽  
Carbon Felt ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Oxygen Penetration ◽  
Long Period ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Catalytic Capacity ◽  
Felt Electrodes

The role of oxygen in anodic biofilms is still a matter of debate. In this study, we tried to elucidate the structure and performance of an electrogenic biofilm that develops on air-exposed, carbon felt electrodes, commonly used in bioelectrochemical systems. By simultaneously recording the current density produced by the bioanode and dissolved oxygen concentration, both inside and in the vicinity of the biofilm, it was possible to demonstrate the influence of a protective aerobic layer present in the biofilm (mainly formed by Pseudomonas genus bacteria) that prevents electrogenic bacteria (such as Geobacter sp.) from hazardous exposure to oxygen during its normal operation. Once this protective barrier was deactivated for a long period of time, the catalytic capacity of the biofilm was severely affected. In addition, our results highlighted the importance of the material’s porous structure for oxygen penetration in the electrode.

scholarly journals Characterization of carbon felt electrodes for rapid coulometry.

1991 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 617-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osamu HAMAMOTO ◽  
Yukio NAKAMURA ◽  
Shunichi UCHIYAMA ◽  
Toshiyuki HOBO
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Felt ◽  
Felt Electrodes

Role of iron oxidation byproducts in the removal of phosphate from aqueous solution

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1627-1636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Sleiman ◽  
Véronique Deluchat ◽  
Mahmoud Wazne ◽  
Alexandra Courtin ◽  
Zeinab Saad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Iron Oxidation ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Phosphate Adsorption ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Experimental Conditions

Synthesis and characterization of iron oxidation byproducts, in different experimental conditions (aging and dissolved oxygen concentration); study of their phosphate adsorption capacity.

Digital x-ray mapping of nanometer-size supported bimetallic catalysts

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 530-531
Author(s):  
L. T. Germinario
Keyword(s):  
Background Radiation ◽  
Metal Cluster ◽  
Single Element ◽  
Beam Diameter ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Major Interest ◽  
Induced Changes

Understanding the role of metal cluster composition in determining catalytic selectivity and activity is of major interest in heterogeneous catalysis. The electron microscope is well established as a powerful tool for ultrastructural and compositional characterization of support and catalyst. Because the spatial resolution of x-ray microanalysis is defined by the smallest beam diameter into which the required number of electrons can be focused, the dedicated STEM with FEG is the instrument of choice. The main sources of errors in energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDS) are: (1) beam-induced changes in specimen composition, (2) specimen drift, (3) instrumental factors which produce background radiation, and (4) basic statistical limitations which result in the detection of a finite number of x-ray photons. Digital beam techniques have been described for supported single-element metal clusters with spatial resolutions of about 10 nm. However, the detection of spurious characteristic x-rays away from catalyst particles produced images requiring several image processing steps.

Trace nanoanalysis

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 940-941
Author(s):  
D. E. Newbury ◽  
R. D. Leapman
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Detection Efficiency ◽  
Volume Element ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Trace Constituents ◽  
Secondary Ion ◽  
Concentration Levels ◽  
Structure Properties

Trace constituents, which can be very loosely defined as those present at concentration levels below 1 percent, often exert influence on structure, properties, and performance far greater than what might be estimated from their proportion alone. Defining the role of trace constituents in the microstructure, or indeed even determining their location, makes great demands on the available array of microanalytical tools. These demands become increasingly more challenging as the dimensions of the volume element to be probed become smaller. For example, a cubic volume element of silicon with an edge dimension of 1 micrometer contains approximately 5×1010 atoms. High performance secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) can be used to measure trace constituents to levels of hundreds of parts per billion from such a volume element (e. g., detection of at least 100 atoms to give 10% reproducibility with an overall detection efficiency of 1%, considering ionization, transmission, and counting).

The Relation Between Financial Incentives, Motivation, and Performance

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anaïs Thibault Landry ◽  
Marylène Gagné ◽  
Jacques Forest ◽  
Sylvie Guerrero ◽  
Michel Séguin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Autonomous Motivation ◽  
Compensation Plans ◽  
Work Settings ◽  
Path Analyses ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Performance Results

Abstract. To this day, researchers are debating the adequacy of using financial incentives to bolster performance in work settings. Our goal was to contribute to current understanding by considering the moderating role of distributive justice in the relation between financial incentives, motivation, and performance. Based on self-determination theory, we hypothesized that when bonuses are fairly distributed, using financial incentives makes employees feel more competent and autonomous, which in turn fosters greater autonomous motivation and lower controlled motivation, and better work performance. Results from path analyses in three samples supported our hypotheses, suggesting that the effect of financial incentives is contextual, and that compensation plans using financial incentives and bonuses can be effective when properly managed.

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