scholarly journals In Vitro Digestibility and Antioxidant Activity of Plant Protein Isolate and Milk Protein Concentrate Blends

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 787
Author(s):  
Mohammadreza Khalesi ◽  
Richard J. FitzGerald
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Plant Protein ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Protein Concentrate ◽  
Milk Protein Concentrate ◽  
Protein Isolates ◽  
The Impact

The replacement of animal with plant proteins in human diets has been increasing in recent years. The impact of blending milk protein concentrate (MPC) with protein isolates from soy (SPI), rice (RPI) and pea (PPI) on the in vitro digestibility and antioxidant activity of the resultant blends was investigated. Different plant protein–MPC blends (i.e., SPI–MPC (25:75), RPI–MPC (50:50) and PPI–MPC (25:75)) were analyzed. The lowest protein digestibility corrected amino acid score (PDCAAS) was associated with RPI (0.70), while the blends had PDCAAS values above 1.00 demonstrating the high digestibility of the proteins in the blends studied. An in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion was carried out on the samples. The degree of hydrolysis and gel permeation high performance liquid chromatography profiles showed that the SPI–MPC blend was more extensively digested in the gastric phase compared with the two other blends, while the PPI–MPC and RPI–MPC blends were mainly digested during the intestinal phase. The SPI–MPC digested blend had the highest 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity having a half maximal effective concentration (EC50) of 0.10 ± 0.01 mg/mL. The findings show that blends of plant protein with MPC had higher in vitro digestibility and antioxidant activity compared to the individual plant protein isolates.

Effects of enzymatic dephosphorylation on infant in vitro gastrointestinal digestibility of milk protein concentrate

2016 ◽  
Vol 197 ◽  
pp. 891-899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dasong Liu ◽  
Yuanyuan Wang ◽  
Yun Yu ◽  
Jinhua Hu ◽  
Naiyan Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Protein ◽  
Protein Concentrate ◽  
Milk Protein Concentrate

scholarly journals Microalgae as Functional Ingredients in Savory Food Products: Application to Wheat Crackers

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Batista ◽  
Alberto Niccolai ◽  
Ivana Bursic ◽  
Isabel Sousa ◽  
Anabela Raymundo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Arthrospira Platensis ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Functional Ingredients ◽  
Snack Foods ◽  
Similar Density ◽  
The Impact

Crackers are widely consumed snack foods and there is an increasing trend in adding functional ingredients to their composition. In the present work, the dried biomasses of four microalgae strains—Arthrospira platensis F&M-C256, Chlorella vulgaris Allma, Tetraselmis suecica F&M-M33, and Phaeodactylum tricornutum F&M-M40—were used as a source of proteins, antioxidants, and other bioactive molecules in artisanal wheat crackers. Two incorporation levels were tested: 2% (w/w) and 6% (w/w). The impact of microalgae addition was evaluated in terms of physical properties, biochemical composition, antioxidant activity, in vitro digestibility, and sensory characteristics. Microalgae crackers presented stable color and texture throughout eight weeks of storage. Microalgae crackers were slightly thinner and lighter than the control but presented a similar density in agreement with scanning electron microscope images, indicating that gas retention was not greatly affected by microalgae addition. Regarding biochemical composition, 6% A. platensis and C. vulgaris crackers presented a significantly higher protein content (13.2–13.5%), for which they could be claimed to be a “source of protein” according to the Regulation (EC) No. 1924/2006. A. platensis crackers showed the highest antioxidant activity and attained better sensory analysis scores. T. suecica and P. tricornutum crackers showed high phenolic content and antioxidant activity but attained low sensory scores mainly because of their unattractive fishy off-flavor.

scholarly journals Bacillus coagulans GBI-30, 6086 improves amino acid absorption from milk protein

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Stecker ◽  
Jessica M. Moon ◽  
Travis J. Russo ◽  
Kayla M. Ratliff ◽  
Petey W. Mumford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Bacillus Coagulans ◽  
Protein Concentrate ◽  
Protein Digestion ◽  
Milk Protein Concentrate ◽  
Mean Differences

Abstract Background Probiotic Bacillus coagulans GBI-30, 6086 (BC30) has been shown to increase protein digestion in an in vitro model of the stomach and small intestine. Once active in the small intestine after germination, BC30 aids the digestion of carbohydrates and proteins. The extent to which BC30 administration may impact protein digestion and amino acid appearance in humans after protein ingestion is currently unknown. This study examined the impact of adding BC30 to a 25-g dose of milk protein concentrate on post-prandial changes in blood amino acids concentrations. Methods 14 males and 16 females (n = 30, 26.4 ± 6.5 years; 172.3 ± 10.8 cm; 78.2 ± 14.8 kg; 22.6 ± 7.2% fat) completed two supplementation protocols that each spanned two weeks separated by a washout period that lasted three weeks. Participants were instructed to track their dietary intake and ingest a daily 25-g dose of milk protein concentrate with (MPCBC30) or without (MPC) the addition of BC30. Body composition and demographics were assessed upon arrival to the laboratory. Upon ingestion of their final assigned supplemental dose, blood samples were taken at 0 (baseline), 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, and 240 min post-consumption and analyzed for amino acid concentrations. Results Arginine (p = 0.03) and Isoleucine (p = 0.05) revealed greater area-under-the curve (AUC) in MPCBC30 group compared to MPC. In addition, Arginine (p = 0.02), Serine (p = 0.01), Ornithine (p = 0.02), Methionine (p = 0.04), Glutamic Acid (p = 0.01), Phenylalanine (p = 0.05), Isoleucine (p = 0.04), Tyrosine (p = 0.02), Essential Amino Acids (p = 0.02), and Total Amino Acids (p < 0.01) all revealed significantly greater concentration maximum (CMax) in MPCBC30 compared to MPC. Finally, time to reach CMax (TMax) was significantly faster for Glutamine (p < 0.01), Citrulline (p < 0.01), Threonine (p = 0.04), Alanine (p = 0.02) in MPCBC30 when compared to MPC. Greater mean differences between groups for AUC and CMax in women when compared to the mean differences in men were found for several amino acids. Conclusion In concert with previous in vitro evidence of improved protein digestion and amino acid appearance, these results reveal that adding BC30 to protein sources such as milk protein concentrate can improve AUC, CMax, and faster TMax. Follow-up research should examine differences between gender and explore how aging can impact these outcomes. Retrospectively registered on June 11, 2020 at ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT04427020.

Production from dairy cows of semi-industrial quantities of milk-protein concentrate (MPC) containing efficacious anti-Candida albicansIgA antibodies

2007 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison J Hodgkinson ◽  
Richard D Cannon ◽  
Ann R Holmes ◽  
Frank J Fischer ◽  
Dawn J Willix-Payne
Keyword(s):  
Milk Protein ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Milk Product ◽  
Protein Concentrate ◽  
Milk Protein Concentrate ◽  
Pathogenic Yeast ◽  
Mucosal Surfaces ◽  
Therapeutic Value

Bovine milk antibodies directed against human pathogenic organisms have potential as prophylactic or therapeutic treatments of disorders affecting mucosal surfaces. The cow, however, does not naturally secrete high levels of IgA in milk, the predominant immunoglobulin of the mucosal immune system. We have patented an immunisation protocol that results in increased production of IgA in ruminant milk and in this study established that our protocol can be used on a scale sufficient to produce semi-industrial quantities of milk for processing. Cows were immunised with a common pathogenic yeast,Candida albicansand responded with high levels of antigen-specific IgA antibodies in their milk. The spray-dried milk-protein concentrate (85% protein) powder was shown to reduce adherence ofCand. albicanscells inin vitroadherence assays, demonstrating an ability to retain efficacy through the processing. These results suggest that this milk product may be of therapeutic value if the reduction inCand. albicansadhesion observedin vitrotranslates to reduced colonisationin vivo.

scholarly journals DATA ON THE IN-VITRO DIGESTIBILITY OF ACID GELS PREPARED FROM BREWERS’ SPENT GRAIN PROTEIN ISOLATES

Data in Brief ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 107160
Author(s):  
Thierry HELLEBOIS ◽  
Claire GAIANI ◽  
Cédric PARIS ◽  
Sébastien PLANCHON ◽  
Jenny RENAUT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Protein Isolates ◽  
Spent Grain

scholarly journals Combined Effects of Calcium Addition and Thermal Processing on the Texture and In Vitro Digestibility of Starch and Protein of Black Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris)

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1368
Author(s):  
Marbie Alpos ◽  
Sze Ying Leong ◽  
Indrawati Oey
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Processing ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Texture Profile ◽  
Black Beans ◽  
Calcium Addition ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cacl2 Solution

Legumes are typically soaked overnight to reduce antinutrients and then cooked prior to consumption. However, thermal processing can cause over-softening of legumes. This study aimed to determine the effect of calcium addition (0, 100, 300, and 500 ppm in the form of calcium chloride, CaCl2), starting from the overnight soaking step, in reducing the loss of firmness of black beans during thermal processing for up to 2 h. The impact of calcium addition on the in vitro starch and protein digestibility of cooked beans was also assessed. Two strategies of calcium addition were employed in this study: (Strategy 1/S1) beans were soaked and then cooked in the same CaCl2 solution, or (Strategy 2/S2) cooked in a freshly prepared CaCl2 solution after the calcium-containing soaking medium was discarded. Despite the texture degradation of black beans brought about by increasing the cooking time, texture profile analysis (TPA) revealed that their hardness, cohesiveness, springiness, chewiness, and resilience improved significantly (p < 0.05) with increasing calcium concentration. Interestingly, beans cooked for 2 h with 300 ppm CaCl2 shared similar hardness with beans cooked for 1 h without calcium addition. Starch and protein digestibility of calcium-treated beans generally improved with prolonged cooking. However, calcium-treated beans cooked for 1 h under S2 achieved a reduced texture loss and a lower starch digestibility than those beans treated in S1. A lower starch digestion could be desired as this reflects a slow rise in blood glucose levels. Findings from this result also showed that treating black beans with high level of CaCl2 (i.e., 500 ppm) was not necessary, otherwise this would limit protein digestibility of cooked black beans.

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