Catalytic Activity of Nickel and Ruthenium–Nickel Catalysts Supported on SiO2, ZrO2, Al2O3, and MgAl2O4 in a Dry Reforming Process

Dry reforming of methane (DRM) is an eco-friendly method of syngas production due to the utilization of two main greenhouse gases—methane and carbon dioxide. An industrial application of methane dry reforming requires the use of a catalyst with high activity, stability over a long time, and the ability to catalyze a reaction, leading to the needed a hydrogen/carbon monoxide ratio. Thus, the aim of the study was to investigate the effect of support and noble metal particles on catalytic activity, stability, and selectivity in the dry reforming process. Ni and Ni–Ru based catalysts were prepared via impregnation and precipitation methods on SiO2, ZrO2, Al2O3, and MgAl2O4 supports. The obtained catalysts were characterized using X-ray diffractometry (XRD), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) specific surface area, and elemental carbon-hydrogen-nitrogen-sulphur analysis (CHNS) techniques. The catalytic activity was investigated in the carbon dioxide reforming of a methane process at 800 °C. Catalysts supported on commercial Al2O3 and spinel MgAl2O4 exhibited the highest activity and stability under DRM conditions. The obtained results clearly indicate that differences in catalytic activity result from the dispersion, size of an active metal (AM), and interactions of the AM with the support. It was also found that the addition of ruthenium particles enhanced the methane conversion and shifted the H2/CO ratio to lower values.

Download Full-text

Metal (Mo, W, Ti) Carbide Catalysts: Synthesis and Application as Alternative Catalysts for Dry Reforming of Hydrocarbons—A Review

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms222212337 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (22) ◽

pp. 12337

Author(s):

Natalia Czaplicka ◽

Andrzej Rogala ◽

Izabela Wysocka

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Catalytic Activity ◽

Nickel Catalysts ◽

Dry Reforming ◽

Metal Particles ◽

Metal Carbides ◽

Oxide Supports ◽

Transition Metal Carbides ◽

Syngas Production ◽

Active Metal

Dry reforming of hydrocarbons (DRH) is a pro-environmental method for syngas production. It owes its pro-environmental character to the use of carbon dioxide, which is one of the main greenhouse gases. Currently used nickel catalysts on oxide supports suffer from rapid deactivation due to sintering of active metal particles or the deposition of carbon deposits blocking the flow of gases through the reaction tube. In this view, new alternative catalysts are highly sought after. Transition metal carbides (TMCs) can potentially replace traditional nickel catalysts due to their stability and activity in DR processes. The catalytic activity of carbides results from the synthesis-dependent structural properties of carbides. In this respect, this review presents the most important methods of titanium, molybdenum, and tungsten carbide synthesis and the influence of their properties on activity in catalyzing the reaction of methane with carbon dioxide.

Download Full-text

Ru/TiO2 Nanostructured Catalysts: Synthesis, Characterization and Catalytic Activity Towards Hydrogenation of Ethyl Levulinate

Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology ◽

10.1166/jnn.2021.19537 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (12) ◽

pp. 6160-6167

Author(s):

Sakthivel Kumaravel ◽

Sivakumar Thiripuranthagan ◽

Elangovan Erusappan ◽

Aishwarya Sivakumar ◽

Saranraj Kumaravel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Catalytic Activity ◽

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Nanostructured Catalysts ◽

Optical Emission ◽

Morphological Properties ◽

Emission Spectrometry ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

Ethyl Levulinate ◽

Ru Nanoparticles

Pristine TiO2 and x% Ru/TiO2 catalysts with different wt.% of Ru (x%= 1.5%, 2%, 2.5% and 3%) were synthesized using sol–gel and simple impregnation methods. Different characterization techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), High-resolution transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM), Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and Thermogravimetry/Differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA) were used to study the physicochemical and morphological properties. The XRD patterns of the as-prepared pristine TiO2 catalyst showed high crystalline nature. The HR-TEM images revealed that the Ru nanoparticles (NPs) were evenly dispersed on the TiO2 surface. The prepared catalysts were evaluated for their catalytic activity towards the liquid phase hydrogenation of ethyl levulinate under mild reaction conditions (ambient H2 pressure). Among the various catalysts, 2.5% Ru/TiO2 catalyst showed the maximum catalytic activity of 79% ethyl levulinate (EL) conversion with 82% selectivity of γ-valerolactone (GVL). The recyclability test revealed that the most active 2.5% Ru/TiO2 also showed the highest stability of the catalyst under optimized experimental conditions.

Download Full-text

Effect of a second metal (Co, Cu, Mn or Zr) on nickel catalysts derived from hydrotalcites for the carbon dioxide reforming of methane

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/c6ra12335j ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (74) ◽

pp. 70537-70546 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Xiaopeng Yu ◽

Fubao Zhang ◽

Wei Chu

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Nickel Catalysts ◽

Dry Reforming ◽

Dry Reforming Of Methane ◽

Ni Catalyst ◽

Carbon Dioxide Reforming ◽

Enhanced Stability

NiCo and NiCu catalysts exhibited enhanced stability compared with a Ni catalyst for the dry reforming of methane. On the contrary, NiMn and NiZr catalysts decreased the reforming stability.

Download Full-text

Natural clay based nickel catalysts for dry reforming of methane: On the effect of support promotion (La, Al, Mn)

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy ◽

10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.03.004 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 246-255 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Hongrui Liu ◽

Haithem Bel Hadjltaief ◽

Mourad Benzina ◽

Maria Elena Gálvez ◽

Patrick Da Costa

Keyword(s):

Nickel Catalysts ◽

Dry Reforming ◽

Dry Reforming Of Methane ◽

Natural Clay ◽

Effect Of Support

Download Full-text

Syngas production plus reducing carbon dioxide emission using dry reforming of methane: utilizing low-cost Ni-based catalysts

Oil & Gas Science and Technology – Revue d’IFP Energies nouvelles ◽

10.2516/ogst/2020016 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 75 ◽

pp. 22 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Saeid Abbasi ◽

Mohsen Abbasi ◽

Firouz Tabkhi ◽

Benyamin Akhlaghi

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Methane Conversion ◽

Low Cost ◽

Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽

Dry Reforming ◽

Dry Reforming Of Methane ◽

Hydrogen Yield ◽

Heterogeneous Model ◽

Syngas Production ◽

Steam Reformers

Applicability of using Dry Reforming of Methane (DRM) using low-cost Ni-based catalysts instead of Conventional Steam Reformers (CSR) to producing syngas simultaneously with reducing the emission of carbon dioxide was studied. In order to achieving this goal, a multi-tubular recuperative thermally coupled reactor which consists of two-concentric-tubes has been designed (Thermally Coupled Tri- and Dry Reformer [TCTDR]). By employing parameters of an industrial scale CSR, two proposed configuration (DRM with fired-furnace and Tri-Reforming of Methane (TRM) instead of fired-furnace (TCTDR)) was simulated. A mathematical heterogeneous model was used to simulate proposed reactors and analyses were carried out based on methane conversion, hydrogen yield and molar flow rate of syngas for each reactor. The results displayed methane conversion of DRM with fired-furnace was 35.29% and 31.44% for Ni–K/CeO2–Al2O3 and Ni/La2O3 catalysts, respectively, in comparison to 26.5% in CSR. Methane conversion in TCTDR reached to 16.98% by Ni/La2O3 catalyst and 88.05% by NiO–Mg/Ce–ZrO2/Al2O3 catalyst in TRM side. Also, it was 15.88% using Ni–K/CeO2–Al2O3 catalyst in the DRM side and 88.36% using NiO–Mg/Ce–ZrO2/Al2O3 catalyst in TRM side of TCTDR. Finally, the effect of different amounts of supplying energy on the performance of DRM with fired-furnace was studied, and positive results in reducing the energy consumption were observed.

Download Full-text

Influence of molybdenum and tungsten dopants on nickel catalysts for the dry reforming of methane with carbon dioxide to synthesis gas

Natural Gas Conversion V, Proceedings ofthe 5th International Natural Gas Conversion Symposium, - Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis ◽

10.1016/s0167-2991(98)80526-0 ◽

1998 ◽

pp. 777-782 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Andrew P.E. York ◽

Thomas Suhartanto ◽

Malcolm L.H. Green

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Synthesis Gas ◽

Nickel Catalysts ◽

Dry Reforming ◽

Dry Reforming Of Methane ◽

And Tungsten

Download Full-text

A Polyoxometalate Composite Based on Hierarchical MIL-101 with Enhanced Catalytic Activity in Methanolysis of Styrene Oxide

Catalysts ◽

10.3390/catal10070772 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 772

Author(s):

Tian Zhao ◽

Hexin Zhu ◽

Ming Dong

Keyword(s):

Catalytic Activity ◽

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Styrene Oxide ◽

Optical Emission ◽

Catalytic Performance ◽

Emission Spectrometry ◽

Composite Catalyst ◽

Immersion Method ◽

X Ray ◽

Inductively Coupled

A new efficient polyoxometalate composite catalyst of hierarchical MIL-101 and phosphotungstic acid (PTA) was facilely prepared by the immersion method. The material was thoroughly characterized by powder x-ray diffraction (PXRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and inductively coupled plasma‒optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Compared to the pristine nonhierarchical MIL-101 composite, the hierarchical composite demonstrated much higher catalytic performance in methanolysis of styrene oxide, such as catalytic activity and reusability.

Download Full-text

Syngas production by dry reforming of methane using lyophilized nickel catalysts

Chemical Engineering Science ◽

10.1016/j.ces.2019.04.035 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 205 ◽

pp. 74-82 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Camilla Daniela Moura-Nickel ◽

Camila Gaspodini Tachinski ◽

Richard Landers ◽

Agenor De Noni ◽

Elaine Virmond ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nickel Catalysts ◽

Dry Reforming ◽

Dry Reforming Of Methane ◽

Syngas Production

Download Full-text

An Overview of Reforming Technologies and the Effect of Parameters on the Catalytic Performance of Mesoporous Silica/Alumina Supported Nickel Catalysts for Syngas Production by Methane Dry Reforming

Recent Innovations in Chemical Engineering (Formerly Recent Patents on Chemical Engineering) ◽

10.2174/2405520413666200313130420 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 303-322

Author(s):

M.A. Saad ◽

N.H. Abdurahman ◽

Rosli Mohd Yunus ◽

Mohammed Kamil ◽

Omar I. Awad

Keyword(s):

Catalytic Activity ◽

Mesoporous Silica ◽

Nickel Catalysts ◽

Catalytic Performance ◽

Dry Reforming ◽

Future Research ◽

Methane Dry Reforming ◽

Syngas Production ◽

Silica Alumina ◽

Supported Nickel Catalysts

Synthetic gas - a combination of (H2) and (CO) - is an important chemical intermediate for the production of liquid hydrocarbon, olefin, gasoline, and other valuable chemicals. Several reforming methods that use steam, carbon dioxide, and oxygen in the presence of various catalytic systems have been extensively investigated, and this paper reviews the recent research on the state-of-the-art of reforming technologies and the effect of parameters on the catalytic activity of mesoporous silica/alumina supported nickel catalysts for syngas production by methane dry reforming. First, we provide an overview of reforming technologies, including methane dry reforming, steam methane reforming, partial oxidation of CH4, and auto thermal reforming of CH4. Then, we review the literature on dry reforming catalysts. Next, we describe recent findings on the effect of parameters on the catalytic activity of mesoporous silica/alumina supported nickel catalysts for syngas production. Finally, we make proposals for future research. This study can help achieve a better understanding of the reforming technologies and the effects of parameters on catalytic performance for syngas production, thus contributing to the development of green technologies.

Download Full-text