scholarly journals Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in People Living with HIV/AIDS: Facts and Controversies

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 2227
Author(s):  
Valeria Castelli ◽  
Andrea Lombardi ◽  
Emanuele Palomba ◽  
Giorgio Bozzi ◽  
Riccardo Ungaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Viral Reservoir ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Immune Exhaustion ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are reshaping the landscape of cancer treatment, redefining the prognosis of several tumors. They act by restoring the cytotoxic activity of tumor-specific T lymphocytes that are in a condition of immune exhaustion. The same condition has been widely described in chronic HIV infection. In this review, we dissect the role of ICIs in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHIV). First, we provide an overview of the immunologic scenario. Second, we discuss the possible use of ICIs as adjuvant treatment of HIV to achieve elimination of the viral reservoir. Third, we examine the influence of HIV infection on ICI safety and effectiveness. Finally, we describe how the administration of ICIs impacts opportunistic infections.

scholarly journals Anemia and thrombocytopenia in people living with HIV/AIDS: a narrative literature review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Marchionatti ◽  
Mariana Migliorini Parisi
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
High Death ◽  
Comprehensive Search ◽  
Narrative Literature Review ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract Hematologic changes are frequent complications in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Anemia and thrombocytopenia are the most frequent multifactorial hematologic abnormalities and are associated with a low quality of life and high death rates. This study aims to describe the prevalence of anemia and thrombocytopenia in PLWHA and to identify the main clinical characteristics that aggravate these conditions in studies published in the last 10 y. A comprehensive search was performed on the PUBMED database, using the terms ‘HIV infection and anemia’ and ‘HIV infection and thrombocytopenia’. Additional searches were made in the reference lists of articles covering the theme. The selected studies reported an overall prevalence of anemia from 7.2% to 84% and of thrombocytopenia from 4.5% to 26.2%. The prevalence of thrombocytopenia and anemia were aggravated by a CD4+ T lymphocyte count of <200 cells/μL, increased viral load and coinfections or opportunistic infections. Antiviral therapy (ART) shows a beneficial effect, reducing the frequencies of thrombocytopenia and anemia, except in a zidovudine-based ART regimen, which worsens the anemic condition. Because anemia and thrombocytopenia are treatable comorbidities associated with increased mortality among PLWHA, physicians should monitor these risk factors in order to establish better interventions and reduce morbidity and mortality in PLWHA.

scholarly journals Immune checkpoint inhibitors in people living with HIV

AIDS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baptiste Abbar ◽  
Marine Baron ◽  
Christine Katlama ◽  
Anne-Geneviève Marcelin ◽  
Marianne Veyri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv

scholarly journals Tolerance and efficacy of immune-checkpoint inhibitors for cancer in people living with HIV (PWHIV)

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. viii733 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Gobert ◽  
M. Veyri ◽  
A. Lavolé ◽  
H. Montaudié ◽  
N. Cloarec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv

scholarly journals STUDI RETROSPEKTIF KETAHANAN HIDUP ORANG DENGAN INFEKSI HIV/AIDS (ODHA) DI RSUD DR. ACHMAD MOCHTAR BUKITTINGGI

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
Sukarsi Rusti
Keyword(s):  
Opportunistic Infection ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
P Value ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
The People ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

<p><em>H</em><em>I</em><em>V/AIDS disease is a health problem in indonesia. The problem cause of</em><em> </em><em>the number of morbility and mortality that still hight. It is cause of long term</em><em> </em><em>infection, adherance consuming the drungs and opportunistic that can deastroy the</em><em> </em><em>imun system </em><em>of People Living With HIV/AIDS (PLHIV)</em><em>.  The purpose of this research is to identify the factors</em><em> </em><em>related to the people living with </em><em>PLHIV</em><em> </em><em>in Achmad Muchtar Hospital Bukittinggi</em></p><p><em>2016.</em><em></em></p><p><em>This research was conducted by a retrospective cohort design approach, doing  research  of the death of people who living with HIV by observing the patient’s  medical  record  from  2014-2015.  The  research  of  study  were  215 patient’s  who  is  criteria  inclusion.  Analysis  data  using  test  chi-square.  who became the independent  variable is  long  infection,  adherance  comsuming the </em><em>Anti Retroviral (ARV)</em><em> </em><em>, and opportunistic infection and dependent variable that survive the HIV people life.</em><em></em></p><p><em>The research showed that among  215 patients with the number of deaths 39 people ( 18,% ), stages 3 and 4 (&gt;5 th) is 89 people ( 41.4% ), not adherence is  77 people ( 35.8% ), and who suffered an opportunistic infection were 61 people (28.4% ). The statistical test relationships survival of people  living with</em><em> </em><em>H</em><em>I</em><em>V with long-term  infection obtained p value </em><em>=</em><em> </em><em>0,000</em><em> and </em><em>RR = 0,019 ( confidence interfal 95 % with alpha = 0.05 )</em><em>, </em><em>a</em><em>dherance comsuming the </em><em>ARV </em><em>obtained p value  </em><em>= </em><em>0,000 </em><em>and</em><em>  </em><em>RR = 0,494 ( confidence interfal  95 % with alpha = 0.05 ), infection opportunistic</em><em> obtained</em><em> </em><em>p value </em><em>= </em><em>0,000 </em><em>and</em><em> </em><em>RR = 0,361 ( confidence interfal 95 % with αlpha = 0.05 ).</em></p><p><em>From these findings, it can be concluded that  the  long-term  infection,  adherence  ARV  and opportunistic infections associated with survival of people living with HIV. Of the three variables obtained interrelated and value the highest association is long-term  infection</em><em>.</em></p>

scholarly journals Mapping evidence on adolescents’ HIV-positive status disclosure in sub-Saharan Africa: a protocol for a scoping review

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patience Adzordor ◽  
Clement Avoka ◽  
Vitalis Bawontuo ◽  
Silas Agbesi ◽  
Desmond Kuupiel
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Keyword Search ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Status Disclosure ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract Background Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) homes most of the people living with HIV/AIDS in the world. Adolescents/young people are a vulnerable population and at high risk of HIV infection. Identifying and bridging the research gaps on the disclosure of HIV-positive status among adolescents, particularly to their sexual partners, is essential to inform appropriate policy planning and implementation towards preventing HIV transmission. This study will aim to explore literature and describe the evidence on HIV-positive status disclosure among adolescents in SSA. Methods The framework provided by Arksey and O’Malley’s framework and improved by Levac and colleagues will be used to conduct a scoping review. A keyword search for relevant literature presenting evidence on HIV-positive status disclosure among adolescents in SSA will be conducted in CINAHL, PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and SCOPUS. Date limitations will be removed, but Boolean terms “AND” and “OR” as well as Medical Subject Headings terms will be included where possible and syntax modified to suit the database during the search. Additional relevant articles will be sought from the reference lists of all included studies using a snowballing method. Two reviewers will independently screen the articles at the abstract and full-text screening phases in order to reduce bias and improve the reliability of this study’s findings. A tabular form will be developed using Microsoft Word and piloted for data extraction. Thematic content analysis will be conducted, and a narrative summary of all relevant outcomes reported. Quality appraisal of the included studies for this proposed study will be performed utilizing the recent mixed methods appraisal tool. Discussion The evidence produced by this review may help inform policy and strategies to reduce the incidence of HIV infection among adolescents and improve social support for adolescents living with HIV/AIDS in SSA. It may also reveal literature gaps to guide future researches to further inform HIV policies for adolescents in SSA. Platforms such as peer review journals, policy briefs, and conferences will be used to disseminate this study’s findings.

scholarly journals The Association between CD-4 Level, Stress and Depression Symptoms among People Living with HIV/AIDS

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (20) ◽  
pp. 3459-3463
Author(s):  
Elmeida Effendy ◽  
Mustafa M. Amin ◽  
Lidya De Vega ◽  
Nurul Utami
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

BACKGROUND: The lives of individuals diagnosed with HIV and the subsequent illness, AIDS, were often chaotic because these individuals deal with the physical, emotional, and interpersonal sequelae of this illness. Depressive symptoms and stress were common and impact on functioning, quality of life, and health status, highlighting the importance of diagnosis and treatment of patients with HIV infection. Psychiatric clinical practice and rating scales have come to play an ever-increasing role both in determining specific symptoms and diagnosing an individual condition. Descriptive reports of psychiatric morbidity among those with HIV infection, that relied primarily on self-report rating scales, described high rates of symptomatic depression and stress. AIM: This study aimed to determine the proportion of depression among people living with HIV/AIDS using the BDI-II and PSS to determine a relationship between symptoms of depression and stress with CD4 counts. METHODS: This study was a numerical correlative analytic study with a cross-sectional study approach that assessed the correlation between stress, depression and CD4 level in people with HIV/AIDS that were receiving ARV therapy in the Voluntary Counselling Test (VCT) Polyclinic of General Hospital Haji Medan by recruiting 46 subjects. CD4 level was examined in the Pramita Medan laboratory. RESULTS: When analysis of BDI-II level and CD4 scores were done, a significant correlation was found (P < 0.05). The strength of the relationship between the BDI score and the CD4 score was 0.548 revealing a positive correlation with moderate correlation strength CONCLUSION: We have shown a significant relationship between depression, stress and CD4 level among people with HIV/AIDS in Medan, Indonesia. Psychological distress may affect the immunity in infected people, leading to the disease progressivity.

scholarly journals Hypnocaring Toward Self-Efficacy Enhancement For People Living With Hiv/Aids In Yogyakarta Province

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
indrayanti
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Complementary Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Nursing Interventions ◽  
Intervention Process ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Care Nursing ◽  
Hiv Aids

Individual infected with HIV/AIDS, called by people living with HIV/AIDS, had various problems such as helplessness, discriminated, status of aggrieved, dispossession and the risk of opportunistic infections. PLWH needs strength to cope with all health problems. They need high self efficacy that was proponent the success of PLWH care. Nursing interventions that have an impact in improving the self efficacy PLWH was required. This study aimed to know the influences of hypnocaring toward PLWH self efficacy at Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The study design was quasi experiment with pre post control group. The data collection was done by consecutive sampling and it was identified 60 respondents. Hypnocaring therapy was chosen as intervention. It equipped with health education and hypnotic sessions that was provided for three sessions in one week. The PLWH self efficacy measured before intervention and 2 weeks after the intervention process finished. The result shows that hypnocaring had an influenced to PLWH self efficacy (p &lt; 0.01). Self efficacy mean increased from 65.37 into 72.93. Hypnocaring was suggested to be given within support peer groups. Hypnocaring also appealed to be one of community nurse competence in the provision of complementary therapy to PLWH.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document