scholarly journals ROS- and Radiation Source-Dependent Modulation of Leukocyte Adhesion to Primary Microvascular Endothelial Cells

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Denise Eckert ◽  
Felicitas Rapp ◽  
Ayele T. Tsedeke ◽  
Jessica Molendowska ◽  
Robert Lehn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Radiation Source ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Leukocyte Adhesion ◽  
Microvascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dose Irradiation ◽  
Intracellular Ros ◽  
Static Conditions

Anti-inflammatory effects of low-dose irradiation often follow a non-linear dose–effect relationship. These characteristics were also described for the modulation of leukocyte adhesion to endothelial cells. Previous results further revealed a contribution of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and anti-oxidative factors to a reduced leukocyte adhesion. Here, we evaluated the expression of anti-oxidative enzymes and the transcription factor Nrf2 (Nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2), intracellular ROS content, and leukocyte adhesion in primary human microvascular endothelial cells (HMVEC) upon low-dose irradiation under physiological laminar shear stress or static conditions after irradiation with X-ray or Carbon (C)-ions (0–2 Gy). Laminar conditions contributed to increased mRNA expression of anti-oxidative factors and reduced ROS in HMVEC following a 0.1 Gy X-ray and 0.5 Gy C-ion exposure, corresponding to reduced leukocyte adhesion and expression of adhesion molecules. By contrast, mRNA expression of anti-oxidative markers and adhesion molecules, ROS, and leukocyte adhesion were not altered by irradiation under static conditions. In conclusion, irradiation of endothelial cells with low doses under physiological laminar conditions modulates the mRNA expression of key factors of the anti-oxidative system, the intracellular ROS contents of which contribute at least in part to leucocyte adhesion, dependent on the radiation source.

scholarly journals A New Natural Antioxidant Mixture Protects against Oxidative and DNA Damage in Endothelial Cell Exposed to Low-Dose Irradiation

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Cervelli ◽  
D. Panetta ◽  
T. Navarra ◽  
S. Gadhiri ◽  
P. Salvadori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Stress Generation ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dose Irradiation ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

Exposure to ionizing radiation during diagnostic procedures increases systemic oxidative stress and predisposes to higher risk of cancer and cardiovascular disease development. Many studies indicated that antioxidants protect against radiation-induced damage and have high efficacy and lack of toxicity in preventing radiation exposure damages. The purpose of this study was to investigate the in vitro protective effect of a new antioxidant mixture, named RiduROS, on oxidative stress generation and DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) induced by low doses of X-rays in endothelial cells. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were treated with RiduROS mixture 24 h before a single exposure to X-rays at an absorbed dose of 0.25 Gy. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was evaluated by fluorescent dye staining and nitric oxide (NO) by the Griess reaction, and DSBs were evaluated as number of γ-H2AX foci. We demonstrated that antioxidant mixture reduced oxidative stress induced by low dose of X-ray irradiation and that RiduROS pretreatment is more effective in protecting against radiation-induced oxidative stress than single antioxidants. Moreover, RiduROS mixture is able to reduce γ-H2AX foci formation after low-dose X-ray exposure. The texted mixture of antioxidants significantly reduced oxidative stress and γ-H2AX foci formation in endothelial cells exposed to low-dose irradiation. These results suggest that RiduROS could have a role as an effective radioprotectant against low-dose damaging effects.

scholarly journals iNOS expression in human intestinal microvascular endothelial cells inhibits leukocyte adhesion

1998 ◽  
Vol 275 (3) ◽  
pp. G592-G603 ◽  
Author(s):  
David G. Binion ◽  
Sidong Fu ◽  
Kalathur S. Ramanujam ◽  
Yuh Cherng Chai ◽  
Raed A. Dweik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Leukocyte Adhesion ◽  
Primary Cultures ◽  
Inos Expression ◽  
Microvascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
No Production ◽  
Nos Inhibitors ◽  
Microvascular Endothelial

Increased nitric oxide (NO) production by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) has been associated with intestinal inflammation, including human inflammatory bowel disease. However, NO can downregulate endothelial activation and leukocyte adhesion, critical steps in the inflammatory response. Using primary cultures of human intestinal microvascular endothelial cells (HIMEC), we determined the role of NO in the regulation of HIMEC activation and interaction with leukocytes. Both nonselective ( N G-monomethyl-l-arginine) and specific ( N-iminoethyl-l-lysine) competitive inhibitors of iNOS significantly increased binding of leukocytes by HIMEC activated with cytokines and lipopolysaccharide. Increased adhesion was reversible with the NOS substratel-arginine and was not observed in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Activation of HIMEC significantly upregulated HIMEC iNOS expression and NO production. NOS inhibitors did not augment cell adhesion molecule levels in activated HIMEC but did result in sustained increases in intracellular reactive oxygen species. In addition, antioxidant compounds reversed the effect of NOS inhibitors on HIMEC-leukocyte interaction. Taken together, these data suggest that after HIMEC activation, iNOS-derived NO is an endogenous antioxidant, downregulating leukocyte binding and potentially downregulating intestinal inflammation.

Effects of Sodium Nitrite, Sodium Nitrate and DL, Alpha-Tocopherol on Properties of Irradiated Frankfurters

1981 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 414-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. N. TERRELL ◽  
F. HEILIGMAN ◽  
G. C. SMITH ◽  
E. WIERBICKI ◽  
Z. L. CARPENTER
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Nitrite ◽  
Sodium Nitrate ◽  
Radiation Source ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Dose Irradiation ◽  
Irradiation Level ◽  
Source Use

Frankfurters were manufactured to contain certain combinations of curing ingredients (sodium nitrite, sodium nitrate and DL alpha-tocopherol). Some frankfurters were made to contain in the finished product 0% added moisture, others were made to contain 10% added moisture, some frankfurters were not irradiated (0-megarad), others were irradiated with either 0.8 or 3.2 megarads (Cobalt-60 radiation source). Use of DL, alpha-tocopherol (at a level of 206 ppm) was associated with greater processing shrinkage, more off-flavor and less overall palatability (P<0.05). The most desirable external and internal cured color and firmest texture was in frankfurters made with 50 ppm of NO2 or with 100 ppm of NO2, irrespective of irradiation level. Use of irradiation (0.8 or 3.2 megarads) on frankfurters made without nitrite or nitrate did not improve visually determined cured color but did improve this color when determined spectrophotometrically; nevertheless, cured color of irradiated frankfurters made without use of nitrite or nitrate was not comparable to that of non-irradiated or irradiated frankfurters made with 100 ppm NO2. Irrespective of added moisture or curing ingredient combinations, significant differences (P<0.05) in palatability traits were associated with increasing irradiation levels (0, 0.8 or 3.2 megarads). Off-flavor increased, texture was less firm and overall palatability was less desirable as irradiation level increased. Low-dose irradiation (⩽1 megarad) may be feasible for enhancing the palatability traits of frankfurters containing lower levels of nitrite (lower than 156 ppm) but it appears that the correct irradiation level would be lower than the 0.8 megarad used in this study.

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