scholarly journals A Call to Broaden Investment in Drinking Water Testing and Community Outreach Programs

Challenges ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Jason A. Hubbart ◽  
Kaylyn S. Gootman
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Community Outreach ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
Outreach Programs ◽  
Water Testing ◽  
Intermediate Outcomes ◽  
Quality Testing

Ensuring access to safe drinking water is a challenge in many parts of the world for reasons including, but not limited to, infrastructure age, source water impairment, limited community finances and limitations in Federal water protections. Water quality crises and the prevalence of impaired waters globally highlight the need for investment in the expansion of drinking water testing that includes public and private water systems, as well as community outreach. We provide justification including a case example to argue the merits of developing drinking water testing and community outreach programs that include drinking water testing and non-formal education (i.e., public outreach) regarding the importance of drinking water quality testing for human well-being and security. Organizers of drinking water testing programs should: (1) test drinking water quality; (2) develop drinking water quality databases; (3) increase public awareness of drinking water issues; (4) build platforms for improved community outreach; and (5) publish program results that illustrate successful program models that are spatially and temporally transferrable. We anticipate that short-term and intermediate outcomes of this strategy would improve access to drinking water testing, facilitate greater understanding of water quality and increase security through inclusive and equitable water quality testing and outreach programs.

A review on arsenic concentrations in Canadian drinking water

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (NA) ◽  
pp. 291-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire F. McGuigan ◽  
Camille L.A. Hamula ◽  
Sarah Huang ◽  
Stephan Gabos ◽  
X. Chris Le
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Web Sites ◽  
Newfoundland And Labrador ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Current Guideline ◽  
Water Quality Data

Recent events have increased public awareness of drinking water quality in Canada. The goal of this review was to examine how much information about arsenic (As) in Canadian drinking water is available. Provincial, territorial, and federal Web sites were searched for information about As in drinking water. Major scientific databases (PubMed, Web of Science) were searched for drinking water As information for all provinces and territories. Resulting information was examined for availability, accessibility, quality, and timeliness. Most provinces provided at least basic fact sheets about As, and several provinces provided comprehensive databases containing actual test results. The vast majority of Canadian municipal drinking water systems with As data show a concentration below 10 μg/L, the current guideline level. Several locations in Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, Québec, and Saskatchewan have localized elevations of As (“hotspots”, >10 μg/L As); this information is available at the provincial level, but may not include exact locations nor the degree by which they exceed the current guideline limit of 10 μg/L. For other locations, however, little information is available. The lack of a centralized information source represents a significant obstacle to obtaining drinking water quality data. Although difficult to implement, a centralized and standardized source of national drinking water quality data is urgently needed to determine the effects of As and other contaminants on Canadians.

scholarly journals Drinking water quality and risk for human health in Pelengana commune, Segou, Mali

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 609-621
Author(s):  
Amadou Toure ◽  
Duan Wenbiao ◽  
Zakaria Keita ◽  
Abdramane Dembele ◽  
Elsamoal Elzak Abdalla Elzaki
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
World Health

Abstract Water is an indispensable commodity for the survival of all living beings and for their well-being. The objective of this work is to evaluate the level of pollution of different drinking water sources consumed and its link with health in Pelengana commune, Mali. Samples of water were taken from various sources, namely, hand pumps, boreholes, dug wells, and shallow wells for physical, chemical, heavy metals, and bacteriological analyses, using American Public Health Association (APHA) Standard Techniques. Results revealed that the nitrate-nitrogen (NO3−N) values of the water samples from the different water sources had concentrations exceeding the United States Environmental Protection Agency's (US-EPA) regulation of 10 mg/L, as well as World Health Organization Guideline for Drinking Water Quality (WHO GDWQ) (11 mg/L). The same applies to heavy metals such as Cd, Pb, and Fe, in which, concentrations exceed their allowable limits in certain locations. Moreover, apart from water samples from some different boreholes, total coliform, and Escherichia coli have been detected in all selected water sources, which indicates fecal contamination. In all, there is a pressing need to stop the consumption of drinking water from contaminated sources and to effect appropriate treatment.

scholarly journals Household Perceptions about Drinking Water Quality and Human Health: A Comparative Analysis of Urban and Rural Areas in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabia Zafar ◽  
Asghar Ali ◽  
Sarfraz Hassan ◽  
Khalid Mushtaq
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Waterborne Diseases

Public awareness about safe drinking water plays a significant role in household choices for drinking water sources and the prevention measures of water contamination. The present study was aimed to explore the awareness of households about groundwater quality and investigate the incidence of waterborne diseases in comparison with urban and rural households. Primary data were collected from 600 households by using the stratified random sampling technique. To analyze the outcomes descriptive and graphical approaches were used, however, to check the association between water sources and waterborne diseases bi-variate techniques were employed. It was found that the households belonging to urban localities were more aware about health risks associated with drinking water quality. Outcomes disclosed that on an average 48.8% of the household’s get affected from drinking water quality and face waterborne diseases, however, the incidence were greater (49.7%) in rural households compared to (48.0%) urban households. Findings also revealed that on an average 58.8% of the households suffered from belly pain and stomach problems and its incidence were 60.4% and 57.4% in rural and urban areas, respectively. Results disclosed that household’s income and medical expenditures were significantly associated with drinking water facility. It is suggested that the awareness about water quality should be disseminated among households in order to reduce the incidence of waterborne diseases.

EVALUATION ON THE RURAL DRINKING WATER QUALITY IN A CENTRALIZED SUPPLIED AREA OF CHINA

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 435-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendong Wang ◽  
Shan Song ◽  
Zixia Qiao ◽  
Qin Yang ◽  
Mengmeng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Drinking Water Quality

Drinking-Water Quality and Intestinal Infectious Diseases in a Colombian Department, 2010-2016

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
Dora Cardona Rivas ◽  
Militza Yulain Cardona Guzmán ◽  
Olga Lucía Ocampo López
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Social ◽  
Etiological Agents ◽  
Health Organization

Objective: To characterize the burden of intestinal infectious diseases attributable to drinking-water quality in 27 municipalities in the central region of Colombia. Materials and methods: A time-trend ecological study. The drinking-water quality of the National Institute of Health and the Institute of Hydrology, Meteorology and Environmental Studies was identified. The disease burden was calculated based on the mortality registered in the National Department of Statistics and the records of morbidity attended by the Social Protection Integrated Information System. The etiological agents reported in morbidity records and the observation of environmental conditions in the municipalities of the study were included. The disease burden was determined according to the methodology recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO).

Methodological Approaches to Organization of Drinking Water Quality Monitoring Programs

2020 ◽  
pp. 4-8
Author(s):  
Yu.A. Novikova ◽  
I.O. Myasnikov ◽  
A.A. Kovshov ◽  
N.A. Tikhonova ◽  
N.S. Bashketova
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
Quality Monitoring ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Monitoring Programs ◽  
Supply Systems

Summary. Introduction: Drinking water is one of the most important environmental factors sustaining life and determining human health. The goal of the Russian Federal Clean Water Project is to improve drinking water quality through upgrading of water treatment and supply systems using advanced technologies, including those developed by the military-industrial complex. The most informative and reliable sources of information for assessing drinking water quality are the results of systematic laboratory testing obtained within the framework of socio-hygienic monitoring (SGM) and production control carried out by water supply organizations. The objective of our study was to formulate approaches to organizing quality monitoring programs for centralized cold water supply systems. Materials and methods: We reviewed programs and results of drinking water quality laboratory tests performed by Rospotrebnadzor bodies and institutions within the framework of SGM in 2017–2018. Results: We established that drinking water quality monitoring in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation differs significantly in the number of monitoring points (566 in the Krasnoyarsk Krai vs 10 in Sevastopol) and measured indicators, especially sanitary and chemical ones (53 inorganic and organic substances in the Kemerovo Region vs one indicator in the Amur Region). Discussion: For a more complete and objective assessment of drinking water quality in centralized cold water supply systems, monitoring points should be organized at all stages of water supply with account for the coverage of the maximum number of people supplied with water from a particular network. Thus, the number of points in the distribution network should depend, inter alia, on the size of population served. In urban settlements with up to 10,000 inhabitants, for example, at least 4 points should be organized while in the cities with more than 3,000,000 inhabitants at least 80 points are necessary. We developed minimum mandatory lists of indicators and approaches to selecting priority indices to be monitored at all stages of drinking water supply.

Pollution retention capabilities of roadside soils

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Dierkes ◽  
W. F. Geiger
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
Roadside Soils ◽  
Highway Runoff ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Lead Zinc

Runoff from highways contains significant loads of heavy metals and hydrocarbons. According to German regulations, it should be infiltrated over embankments to support groundwater-recharge. To investigate the decontaminating effect of greened embankments, soil-monoliths from highways with high traffic densities were taken. Soils were analyzed to characterize the contamination in relation to distance and depth for lead, zinc, copper, cadmium, PAH and MOTH. Lysimeters were charged in the field and laboratory with highway runoff to study the effluents under defined conditions. Concentrations of pollutants in roadside soils depend on the age of embankments and traffic density. Highest concentrations were found in the upper 5 cm of the soil and within a distance of up to two metres from the street. Concentrations of most pollutants decreased rapidly with depth and distance. Lead and cadmium could not be detected in lysimeter effluent. Zinc and copper were found in concentrations that did not exceed drinking water quality limits.

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