scholarly journals Vulnerability and Risk Factors due to Tropical Cyclones in Coastal Cities of Baja California Sur, Mexico

Climate ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Elvia Aida Marín-Monroy ◽  
Víctor Hernández-Trejo ◽  
Eleonora Romero-Vadillo ◽  
Antonina Ivanova-Boncheva
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Tropical Cyclones ◽  
Baja California ◽  
Baja California Sur ◽  
Risk Effects ◽  
Coastal Cities ◽  
Ecological Vulnerability ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Tourist Region

Coastal cities have seen an unprecedented growth with regional settlements due to development activities; that is why measures are needed to mitigate risk of adverse events such as tropical cyclones. Baja California Sur, a state known as a relevant ecological and tourist region, includes destinations such as Cabo San Lucas and La Paz, impacted yearly by tropical cyclones, so it is important to design contingency plans and provide available information to the residents. Los Cabos municipality has the highest population growth rate and its inhabitants are more susceptible to adverse events; despite this, there were no indicators of social and ecological vulnerability to risk effects of tropical cyclones. The objective of this research is to calculate the socio-environmental vulnerability of households through an index to identify risk factors. We have obtained a classification according to levels of vulnerability, and the results have shown that 74% of the households are high on the vulnerability scale, 21% of households are moderately vulnerable and only the remaining 5% of households are less vulnerable. In conclusion, the devastating effects of hydrometeorological events were mainly due to a lack of knowledge regarding such events among inhabitants.

scholarly journals Assessment of Socio-Environmental Vulnerability Due to Tropical Cyclones in La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1575
Author(s):  
Elvia Aida Marín-Monroy ◽  
Víctor Hernández Trejo ◽  
Miguel Angel Ojeda Ruiz de la Pena ◽  
Gerzain Avilés Polanco ◽  
Nuñez León Barbara
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Tropical Cyclones ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Baja California ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Baja California Sur ◽  
La Paz ◽  
Environmental Vulnerability ◽  
Vulnerable Households ◽  
High Degree

Climate change will increase the likelihood of adverse events such as droughts, forest fires, and intensification of tropical cyclones, which are known to cause flooding (IPCC, 2014). The effects of these events are a cause of concern for both authorities and citizens, so they prioritize actions that reduce adverse impacts, especially in cities with higher risk. Therefore, the objective of this work was to measure the degree of socio-environmental vulnerability of households to identify the risk areas in the city of La Paz, Baja California Sur, one of the regions with a high degree of incidence of hurricanes in the northwest of Mexico. For this, surveys were carried out with heads of households in 251 homes, and information was aggregated to calculate the vulnerability index through principal components analysis (PCA), which were stratified by the Dalenius–Hodges method, the degree of vulnerability was classified into three categories by the Opiyo method, considering three strata of the Likert scale, 1 = highly vulnerable, 2 = moderately vulnerable, 3 = less vulnerable. The results showed that households that are in the highly vulnerable category are 33% within a range of the index −3.77243 to −0.939141. Moderately vulnerable households constitute 36% with values from −0.929141 to 0.956385. While the least vulnerable represent 31% of households with an index range of 0.966385 to 5.6952. The results have revealed the levels of high and moderate socio-environmental vulnerability by tropical cyclones of 69% homes in La Paz. The above allowed to generate risk maps that will be taken into account in planning and civil protection over adverse events.

scholarly journals Isotopic composition of rainfall in Baja California Sur, México

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
Luis González- Hita ◽  
Miguel Angel Mejía-González ◽  
Blanca Carteño- Martinez ◽  
Juan Carlos Aparicio-González ◽  
Dustin Mañón- Flores
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Tropical Cyclones ◽  
Baja California ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Baja California Sur ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Isotope Data ◽  
The City

The study of the connection between precipitation and groundwater recharge/discharge using stable isotopes has been limited in México. One of the main limitations is the lack of local stable isotopes monitoring for rainfall. Indeed, only two stations of the Global Network of Isotopes in Precipitation operated in Mexico from 1962 to 1988. This study reports temporal characterization of stable isotopes in meteoric waters in the northwest of Mexico that has been lacking up to the present. Stable isotope analyses of the rain collected in the city of Loreto, state of Baja California Sur, from 2018 to 2021 were conducted using laser water isotope analyzers Picarro L2110-i and Los Gatos Research LWIA-45EP. A least squares regression of the isotope data was used to obtain the local meteoric water line: δ2H =8 δ18O + 9.4 (r2=0.98). The average value of winter rain is δ18O=-2.46 ‰ and δ2H=-10.2 ‰, monsoon rain δ18O=-4.93 ‰ y δ2H=-30.3 ‰, atmospheric river rain δ18O=-5.35 ‰ and δ2H=-33.3 ‰ and tropical cyclones rain δ18O= -10.7 ‰ y δ2H=-76.3. Isotope data indicated that tropical cyclones are the main source of recharge for the coastal aquifers of Baja California, Sur.

scholarly journals Integrated Runoff-Storm Surge Flood Hazard Mapping Associated with Tropical Cyclones in the Suburbs of La Paz, Baja California Sur, México

GeoHazards ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Miguel Angel Imaz-Lamadrid ◽  
Jobst Wurl ◽  
Ernesto Ramos-Velázquez ◽  
Jaqueline Rodríguez-Trasviña
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Cyclones ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
Baja California ◽  
The State ◽  
Hazard Mapping ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Baja California Sur ◽  
La Paz ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Floods are amongst the most frequent and destructive type of disaster, causing significant damage to communities. Globally, there is an increasing trend in the damage caused by floods generated by several factors. Flooding is characterized by the overflow of water onto dry land. Tropical cyclones generate floods due to excess water in rivers and streams and storm surges; however, the hazard of both phenomena is presented separately. In this research we present a methodology for the estimation of flood hazards related to tropical cyclones, integrating runoff and storm surge floods. As a case study, we selected the south-western suburbs of the city of La Paz, the capital of the state of Baja California Sur in northwest Mexico. The city has experienced in recent years an expansion of the urban area. In addition, there is an infrastructure of great importance such as the transpeninsular highway that connects the capital with the north of the state, as well as the international airport. Our results indicate that urban areas, agricultural lands, as well as the air force base, airport, and portions of the transpeninsular highway are in hazardous flood areas, making necessary to reduce the exposure and vulnerability to these tropical cyclone-related events. A resulting map was effective in defining those areas that would be exposed to flooding in the face of the impact of tropical cyclones and considering climate change scenarios, which represents an invaluable source of information for society and decision-makers for comprehensive risk management and disaster prevention.

Statin-induced adverse effects – facts and genes

2013 ◽  
Vol 154 (3) ◽  
pp. 83-92
Author(s):  
Mariann Harangi ◽  
Noémi Zsíros ◽  
Lilla Juhász ◽  
György Paragh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Statin Therapy ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Serious Adverse Events ◽  
Single Nucleotide

Statin therapy is considered to be safe and rarely associated with serious adverse events. However, a significant proportion of patients on statin therapy show some degree of intolerance which can lead to decreased adherence to statin therapy. The authors summarize the symptoms, signs and frequencies of the most common statin-induced adverse effects and their most important risk factors including some single nucleotide polymorphisms and gene mutations. Also, they review the available approaches to detect and manage the statin-intolerant patients. Orv. Hetil., 2013, 154, 83–92.

New Record of Atypical Coloration in a Gray Whale Calf (Eschrichtius robustus) in Laguna Ojo de Liebre, Baja California Sur, Mexico

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 644-648
Author(s):  
César A. Salinas-Zavala ◽  
María V. Morales-Zárate ◽  
Andrés González-Peralta ◽  
Rosa J. Aviña-Hernández ◽  
Mariana L. Muzquiz-Villalobos
Keyword(s):  
New Record ◽  
Baja California ◽  
Gray Whale ◽  
Baja California Sur ◽  
Eschrichtius Robustus

Caracterización socioeconómica de la pesca deportiva en tres localidades de Baja California Sur, México

2019 ◽  
pp. 207-226
Author(s):  
Obsidiana Sarahi Von Borstel Juárez ◽  
Luis Felipe Beltrán Morales ◽  
Germán Ponce Díaz ◽  
Luis César Almendarez Hernández ◽  
Nuria Alexandría Meza Cuellar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baja California ◽  
Baja California Sur

La pesca deportiva es una actividad turística que genera una considerable derrama económica para el estado de Baja California Sur (BCS). En este sentido, es importante conocer las características de los pescadores recreacionales, para generar estrategias de manejo apropiadas a los contextos locales. Este estudio caracterizó la actividad y el perfil del pescador deportivo que visita BCS, además de identificar su percepción sobre la técnica de captura y liberación, la cual favorece la conservación de los recursos. Con un total de 922 encuestas en tres localidades, Cabo San Lucas, Los Barriles-Buenavista e Isla Cerralvo, se identificó que más del 80 % de los pescadores deportivos que acuden a BSC son de origen extranjero (principalmente de EUA), que el nivel de experiencia de pesca que predomina es el intermedio y que tienen una percepción favorable de la práctica de capturar y liberar; sin embargo, en éstas y en otras características (e.g. ingreso, edad, horas de traslado, entre otras) las proporciones entre las localidades son diferentes. Considerando la información de carácter socioeconómico, se caracterizaron dos tipos de pescador deportivo: el de ocasión y el exclusivo. Además, se identificó que el género femenino es un segmento de mercado poco atendido, el cual tiene potencial de crecimiento.

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