Modeling of Erosion Response of Cold-Sprayed In718-Ni Composite Coating Using Full Factorial Design

In this work, the cold-spray technique was used to deposit Inconel 718–nickel (1:1) composite coatings on stainless steel substrate. A general full factorial design was adopted to identify the statistically significant operating variables, i.e., impingement angle, erodent size, and feed rate on the coating erosion response. Erodent feed rate, impingement angle, and the interaction between impingement angle and erodent size were identified as the highly significant variables on the erosion rate. Then, a model correlating the identified variables with the erosion rate was derived. The best combination of control variables for minimum erosion loss with respect to erodent feed rate, erodent size, and impingement angle was 2 mg/min, 60 μm, and 90°, respectively. To analyze the erosion mechanism, the erodent samples were finally observed using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).

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Application of Full Factorial Design for Optimization of Feed Rate of Stationary Hook Hopper

International Journal of Modeling and Optimization ◽

10.7763/ijmo.2011.v1.36 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 205-209 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Astha Kukreja ◽

Pankaj Chopra ◽

Akshay Aggarwal ◽

Pradeep Khanna

Keyword(s):

Factorial Design ◽

Feed Rate ◽

Full Factorial Design ◽

Full Factorial

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Down Milling Cutting Parameters Optimization Utilizing the Two Level Full Factorial Design Approach

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.863.57 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 863 ◽

pp. 57-61

Author(s):

Jailani Ismail ◽

Martini Muhamad ◽

Saiful Bahri Mohamed ◽

A. Mohd ◽

Wan Noor Fatihah Mohamad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surface Roughness ◽

Factorial Design ◽

Feed Rate ◽

Cutting Parameters ◽

Full Factorial Design ◽

Spindle Speed ◽

Experimental Methodology ◽

Depth Of Cut ◽

Cutting Parameters Optimization ◽

Full Factorial

The direction of feeding the work piece and cutter rotation determines the type of machining mode either it is up milling or down milling. Each of this machining mode affects the quality of machined surface produced. This paper described the experimental design of down milling operation on a stack of multidirectional CFRP/Al2024. Three cutting parameters were considered namely, spindle speed (N), feed rate (fr) and depth of cut (dc). Two level full factorial design was utilized to plan systematic experimental methodology. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyse the influence and the interaction factors associated to surface quality. The results show that the depth of cut is the most significant factor for Al2024, and for CFRP the spindle speed and feed rate are significant. Surface roughness of CFRP is found to be at 0.594 μm at the setting of N = 11750 rpm, fr = 750 mm/min and dc = 0.255 mm. Meanwhile for Al2024, the surface roughness is found to be at 0.32 μm. The validation test showed average deviation of predicted to actual value surface roughness is 3.11% for CFRP and 3.43% for Al2024.

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Application of 32 Full Factorial Design and Desirability Function for Optimizing The Manufacturing Process for Directly Compressible Multi-Functional Co-Processed Excipient

Current Drug Delivery ◽

10.2174/1567201817666200508094743 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (6) ◽

pp. 523-539

Author(s):

Jalpa Patel ◽

Dhaval Mori

Keyword(s):

Factorial Design ◽

Spray Drying ◽

Desirability Function ◽

Full Factorial Design ◽

Angle Of Repose ◽

P Value ◽

Independent Variables ◽

Full Factorial ◽

32 Full Factorial Design ◽

Response Variables

Background: Developing a new excipient and obtaining its market approval is an expensive, time-consuming and complex process. Compared to that, the co-processing of already approved excipients has emerged as a more attractive option for bringing better characteristic excipients to the market. The application of the Design of Experiments (DoE) approach for developing co-processed excipient can make the entire process cost-effective and rapid. Objective: The aim of the present investigation was to demonstrate the applicability of the DoE approach, especially 32 full factorial design, to develop a multi-functional co-processed excipient for the direct compression of model drug - cefixime trihydrate using spray drying technique. Methods: The preliminary studies proved the significant effect of atomization pressure (X1) and polymer ratio (microcrystalline cellulose: mannitol - X2) on critical product characteristics, so they were selected as independent variables. The angle of repose, Carr’s index, Hausner’s ratio, tensile strength and Kuno’s constant were selected as response variables. Result: The statistical analysis proved a significant effect of both independent variables on all response variables with a significant p-value < 0.05. The desirability function available in Design Expert 11® software was used to prepare and select the optimized batch. The prepared co-processed excipient had better compressibility than individual excipients and their physical mixture and was able to accommodate more than 40 percent drug without compromising the flow property and compressibility. Conclusion: The present investigation successfully proved the applicability of 32 full factorial design as an effective tool for optimizing the spray drying process to prepare a multi-functional co-processed excipient.

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Formulation of Extended-Release Beads of Lamotrigine Based on Alginate and Cassia fistula Seed Gum by QbD Approach

Current Drug Delivery ◽

10.2174/1567201817666200317124022 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (5) ◽

pp. 422-437

Author(s):

Dixita Jain ◽

Akshay Sodani ◽

Swapnanil Ray ◽

Pranab Ghosh ◽

Gouranga Nandi

Keyword(s):

Drug Release ◽

Factorial Design ◽

Extended Release ◽

Polymer Concentration ◽

Green Manufacturing ◽

Full Factorial Design ◽

Cassia Fistula ◽

Negative Environmental Impact ◽

Seed Gum ◽

Full Factorial

Aim: This study was focused on the formulation of the multi-unit extended-release peroral delivery device of lamotrigine for better management of epilepsy. Background: The single-unit extended-release peroral preparations often suffer from all-or-none effect. A significant number of multi-unit delivery systems have been reported as a solution to this problem. But most of them are found to be composed of synthetic, semi-synthetic or their combination having physiological toxicity as well as negative environmental impact. Therefore, fabrication and formulation of multi-unit extended-release peroral preparations with natural, non-toxic, biodegradable polymers employing green manufacturing processes are being appreciated worldwide. Objective: Lamotrigine-loaded extended-release multi-unit beads have been fabricated with the incorporation of a natural polysaccharide Cassia fistula seed gum in calcium-cross-linked alginate matrix employing a simple green process and 23 full factorial design. Methods: The total polymer concentration, polymer ratio and [CaCl2] were considered as independent formulation variables with two different levels of each for the experiment-design. The extended-release beads were then prepared by the ionotropic gelation method using calcium chloride as the crosslinkerions provider. The beads were then evaluated for drug encapsulation efficiency and drug release. ANOVA of all the dependent variables such as DEE, cumulative % drug release at 2h, 5h, 12h, rate constant and dissolution similarity factor (f2) was done by 23 full factorial design using Design-Expert software along with numerical optimization of the independent variables in order to meet USP-reference release profile. Results: The optimized batch showed excellent outcomes with DEE of 84.7 ± 2.7 (%), CPR2h of 8.41± 2.96 (%), CPR5h of 36.8± 4.7 (%), CPR12h of 87.3 ± 3.64 (%) and f2 of 65.9. Conclusion: This approach of the development of multi-unit oral devices utilizing natural polysaccharides might be inspiring towards the world-wide effort for green manufacturing of sustained-release drug products by the QbD route.

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