scholarly journals Water Repellency/Proof/Vapor Permeability Characteristics of Coated and Laminated Breathable Fabrics for Outdoor Clothing

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Hyun-Ah Kim
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Water Repellency ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Cover Factor ◽  
Permeability Characteristics

This study examined the water repellency (WR), waterproof, and water vapor permeability (WVP) characteristics of twelve types of laminated and coated woven fabrics for outdoor clothing. These characteristics were compared with the fabric structural parameters, such as cover factor, thickness, and weight, and surface modification (finishing) factors, such as coating, laminating, and Teflon treatments. In addition, an eco-friendly process for surface modification was proposed followed by a summary. Superior waterproof-breathable characteristics with 100% water-repellency were achieved in specimen 3 in group A by treatment with a hydrophilic laminated finish using nylon woven fabric with a cover factor between 0.7 and 0.9 in a 2.5-layered fabric, which was the best specimen with waterproof-breathable characteristics. A high WVP in the coated and laminated fabrics was observed in the fabrics with a low weave density coefficient (WDC) and low thickness per unit weight of the fabric, whereas superior water repellency and waterproof characteristics were observed in the high-cover-factor (WDC) fabric with appropriate fabric thickness. The determination coefficient (R2) from regression analysis between the WVP and fabric structural parameters indicated a higher contribution of the fabric structural parameters than surface modification factors, such as coating and laminating to the WVP in the coated and laminated fabrics. Furthermore, the cover factor was the most important factor influencing the WVP of the waterproof-breathable fabrics. Of twelve coated and laminated fabrics, the laminated nylon and nylon/cotton composite fabrics showed superior WVP with high WR and waterproof characteristics. Accordingly, based on the WR, waterproof, and WVP characteristics of the coated and laminated breathable fabrics, the laminating method, as an eco-friendly process, is recommended to obtain better waterproof-breathable fabrics.

scholarly journals Permeability and Wicking Properties of Modal and Lyocell Woven Fabrics Used for Clothing

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 155892501701200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hakan Ozdemir
Keyword(s):  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Weft Yarn ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Yarn Twist ◽  
Lyocell Fibers ◽  
Weave Pattern

In this study, air permeability, water vapor permeability and wicking properties of certain woven fabrics, which are important comfort properties for clothes and garments, have been investigated. The effects of raw material (modal, Lyocell), weave pattern (plain, 2/2 twill, 1/3 twill, 2/2 matt) and weft yarn density (18, 22, 26) on these properties have been analysed graphically and statistically. The comfort characteristics of fabrics (permeability and wicking properties) are closely associated with the changes in their structural parameters: 2/2 matt and plain woven fabrics, where porosities are high, have better permeability and wicking properties. Increasing weft yarn density lead to decreases in porosity, resulting in decreased permeability and wicking properties. Increasing yarn twist increased the porosity of the fabrics. Lyocell fabrics showed improved permeability and wicking properties over modal fabrics due to Lyocell fibers’ high percentage of fibrillary structure.

scholarly journals Use of Extended Cover Factor Theory in UV Protection of Woven Fabric

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1188
Author(s):  
Klara Kostajnšek ◽  
Krste Dimitrovski
Keyword(s):  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Uv Protection ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Simplified Model ◽  
Light Penetration ◽  
Protective Properties ◽  
Cover Factor ◽  
Coefficient Of Reflection ◽  
Uv Protective Properties

The paper presents an extension of existed cover factor theory more suitable for the evaluation of light penetration through a net woven fabrics structure. It also introduces a new simplified model of predicting the ultraviolet (UV) protective properties of woven fabrics assuming that the coefficient of reflection (KR), transmission (KT), and absorption (KA) of constitutive yarns are known. Since usually they are not, the procedure of preparation of simulation of proper woven fabric samples without interlacing and with known constructional parameters is also presented. The procedure finishes with a fast and cheap detection of missed coefficient for any type of yarns. There are differences between theoretical and measured results, which are not particularly significant in regard to the purpose and demands of investigation.

Evaluation of Luster, Hand Feel and Comfort Properties of Modified Polyester Woven Fabrics

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 155892501701200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Zhou ◽  
Xueli Wang ◽  
Jianyong Yu ◽  
Zhenzhen Wei ◽  
Yu Gao
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Pet Fabric ◽  
Better Than

This paper reports a hollow copolyester fiber modified with polyethylene glycol and sodium-5-sulfo-bis-(hydroxyethyl)-isophthalate, abbreviated as ECDP-H, which has the potential to be a replacement for cotton. The objective evaluation of luster (contrast glossiness) and Kawabata Evaluation System for Fabrics (KES-F) (four Primary Hand Parameters and the Total Hand) of ECDP-H, PET and cotton fabrics are studied in order to investigate the cotton-like appearance of the ECDP-H. The results of moisture regain and dynamic moisture absorption values obtained indicate that the hydrophilicity of the ECDP-H fabric is better than that of PET fabric. The thermo-physiological performance for three fabrics is determined using air and water vapor permeability, wicking, warm-cooling feeling, thermal resistance and vapor resistance. The results show that the ECDP-H fabric has better hand and comfort properties than cotton.

scholarly journals Thermo-physiological properties of woven structures in wet state

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (04) ◽  
pp. 298-303
Author(s):  
BOUGHATTAS AMAL ◽  
BENLTOUFA SOFIEN ◽  
HES LUBOS ◽  
AZEEM MUSADDAQ ◽  
FAYALA FATEN
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Water Vapor ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Weft Yarn ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Skin Contact ◽  
Woven Structures ◽  
Woven Structure

The utmost parameters that measure the thermo-physiological comfort of garments are thermal conductivity, thermal absorptivity and water vapor permeability. In this paper, thermo-physiological comfort was studied with different weave design and moisture content. Thermal properties and water vapor permeability in dry and wet state of all fabric samples were determined by ALAMBETA and Permetest respectively. Results showed that the weaving structure and yarn composition in weft were closely related to the thermal properties and water vapor permeability in presence of moisture. Woven fabric samples were constructed by varying the weave design and weft composition. In wet state, moisture content up to 20%, weave structures exhibited non-significant behavior for thermal properties due to air fraction. As the moisture content enhanced, woven structure made with polyester weft yarn provided cooler feeling with skin contact.

The effects of the structural parameters of three-dimensional warp interlock woven fabrics with silver-based hybrid yarns on electromagnetic shielding behavior

2019 ◽  
Vol 90 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 1354-1371
Author(s):  
Marzieh Javadi Toghchi ◽  
Carmen Loghin ◽  
Irina Cristian ◽  
Christine Campagne ◽  
Pascal Bruniaux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Unit Area ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Electromagnetic Shielding ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Shielding Effectiveness ◽  
Conductive Material ◽  
Conductive Yarns ◽  
Multifilament Yarns

The main objective of the present study was to investigate the increase in the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness (EMSE) of a set of five variants of three-dimensional (3D) warp interlock woven fabrics containing silver multifilament yarns arranged in a 3D orthogonal grid. The EMSE enlargement as a factor of increasing the quantity of the conductive material per unit area was investigated. The quantity of the conductive material per unit area in a 3D woven fabric can be enlarged by increasing either the yarn undulation or the number of conductive yarn systems, while the yarn density and yarn fineness are fixed. Thus, the binding depth of the conductive warp was gradually increased for the first four variants in order to increase the yarn undulation. Alternatively, the conductive weft system was doubled for the last variant with the aim of increasing the quantity of the conductive component. It should be noted that changing the weave structure requires less effort and energy while keeping the same threading of warps in the reed compared to altering the warp density. The EMSE was measured in an anechoic chamber and the shielding was satisfactory for all the variants in the frequency range of 1–6 GHz (19–44 dB). The results revealed that increasing only 7% of the waviness degree of the conductive warps led to 17% EMSE improvement due to increasing of the conductive yarns through the thickness of the variants. Moreover, no upward EMSE was detected for the last variant, despite the fact that the conductive weft system was doubled.

Characterization of the effect of fabric structure on the optical properties of woven fabrics

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-70
Author(s):  
Paniz Khosravani ◽  
Nazanin Ezazshahabi ◽  
Masoud Latifi
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Comparative Judgment ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Weave Structure ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Fabric Surface

Purpose This paper aims to study the optical properties of woven fabrics. Design/methodology/approach The current study was carried out to objectively evaluate the luster of a group of woven fabrics with different weave structures and weft densities, with the aid of a goniophotometer. The results obtained from the objective luster measurement were validated by a set of pair comparison subjective tests using Thurstone’s law of comparative judgment. Findings The proper correlation with the R2 value of more than 0.96, between subjective and objective tests, confirmed the reliability and accordance of objective results with the human perception of luster. Statistical analysis of the luster results clarified that the effect of fabric structural parameters such as weave structure and weft density are significant at the confidence range of 95 per cent. The highest luster index was achieved for the twill 3/1 weave structure and the lowest luster belonged to the plain pattern. In addition, an increase in the density of the fabric leads to better luster. Moreover, it was concluded that the surface roughness affects the luster. A rise in the roughness value of the woven fabric causes reduction in its luster property. Originality/value Optical properties of woven fabrics, which are mainly attributed through the measurement of luster, are important for qualifying the aesthetic characteristics of the fabrics with various weave structures. Bearing in mind the influence of fabric surface properties on the aesthetic features of cloths, obtaining information in this field is a guide for selecting the suitable fabric for various end uses.

Multi-objective optimization of parametric combination of injected slub yarn for producing knitted and woven fabrics with least abrasive damage

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arunangshu Mukhopadhyay ◽  
Vinay Kumar Midha ◽  
Nemai Chandra Ray
Keyword(s):  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Score Analysis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Slub Yarn

Purpose This study aims to optimize the parametric combination of injected slub yarn to achieve least abrasive damage on fabrics produced from it. Design/methodology/approach Single base injected slub yarn structural parameters, vis-à-vis slub length, slub thickness and slub frequency, were varied during preparation of yarn samples under this research work. A total of 17 yarn samples were produced according to the Box and Bhenken design of the experiment. Subsequently knitted and woven (using injected slub yarns in the weft only) fabric samples were prepared from these yarns. Yarn and fabric samples were abraded with standard instruments to see the impact of yarn structural parameters on abrasive damage of fabric in terms of fabric mass loss and appearance deterioration. From the test results, empirical models relating to slub parameters and fabric abrasion behavior were developed through a backward elimination regression approach. Subsequently, a set of optimal parametric combinations was derived with multi-objective evolutionary algorithms by using MATLAB software. This was followed by ranking all optimal solutions through technique for order preference by similarity to idle solution (TOPSIS) score analysis. Findings The injected slub yarn’s structural parameters have a strong influence on the abrasive damage of knitted and woven fabric. It is seen that the best suitable parametric combination of slub parameters for achieving the least abrasive damage is not the same for knitted and woven fabric. Practical implications The spinner can explore this concept to find out the best suitable parametric combination during pattern making of injected slub yarn through MATLAB solution followed by TOPSIS score analysis based on their priority of criteria level to ensure better abrasion behavior of fabric produced. Originality/value Optimization of parametric combination of injected slub yarns will help to ensure production of fabric with most resistance to abrasion for specific applications. The studies showed that the optimal solution for woven and knitted fabrics is different. The result indicates that in the case of knitted fabric, comparatively lesser slub thickness is found to be suitable for getting better fabric abrasion resistance, whereas in the case of woven fabric, comparatively higher slub thickness is found suitable for the same.

Plasma Treatment on Silk Fibroin Powder/PU Blend Film

2010 ◽  
Vol 152-153 ◽  
pp. 1525-1528
Author(s):  
Lu Zhu ◽  
Wei Lin Xu
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Surface Modification ◽  
Water Vapor ◽  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Silk Fibroin ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Film Morphology ◽  
Artificial Blood ◽  
Blend Film

Surface modification of plasma treatment was employed to improve the interface between silk fibroin (SF) powder and polyurethane (PU) in preparation of SF powder/PU blend film. Morphology analysis showed that plasma-treated blend film became dense and compact. The water vapor permeability of blend film from treated powder was significantly lowered. Plasma-treated artificial blood vessel was nearly waterproof, of which the water permeability was about 1/40 of the original value. Correspondingly, the compliance of plasma-treated vessel was enhanced remarkably, indicating it has better elasticity and flexibility which is more suitable for its application in tissue engineering.

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