scholarly journals Electroplating for Decorative Applications: Recent Trends in Research and Development

Coatings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Giurlani ◽  
Giovanni Zangari ◽  
Filippo Gambinossi ◽  
Maurizio Passaponti ◽  
Emanuele Salvietti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Process ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Industrial Performance ◽  
New Material ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Future Direction ◽  
Novel Applications

Electroplating processes are widely employed in industrial environments for a large variety of metallic coatings, ranging from technological to decorative applications. Even if the galvanic electrodeposition is certainly a mature technology, new concepts, novel applications, environmental legislation and the new material requirements for next-generation devices make the scientific research in this field still very active. This review focuses mostly at the decorative and wearable applications, and aims to create a bridge between the past knowledge and the future direction that this process, i.e., electrodeposition, is taking. Both the theoretical fundamentals as well as some of the most widespread practical applications—limited to metallic and alloy coatings—are explored. As an integral part of the industrial process, we take a look at the main techniques thought which the quality control of deposits and surfaces is carried out. Finally, global industrial performance and research directions towards sustainable solutions are highlighted.

Materials technology: Innovations and progress

Impact ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-53
Author(s):  
Lucy Sharp
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Technology Innovations ◽  
Societal Challenges ◽  
New Material ◽  
Innovative Materials ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Novel Applications

Materials technology is a constantly evolving discipline, with new materials leading to novel applications. For example, new material properties arise from combining different materials into composites. Researching materials can help solve societal challenges, with the creation of innovative materials resulting in breakthroughs in overcoming hurdles facing humankind, including energy challenges and medical problems. Innovative materials breathe new life into industries and spur on scientific and technological discovery.

scholarly journals Distributed Ledger Technology Applications in Food Supply Chains: A Review of Challenges and Future Research Directions

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4206
Author(s):  
Jamilya Nurgazina ◽  
Udsanee Pakdeetrakulwong ◽  
Thomas Moser ◽  
Gerald Reiner
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Food Supply Chains ◽  
Distributed Ledger ◽  
Future Research Directions

The lack of transparency and traceability in food supply chains (FSCs) is raising concerns among consumers and stakeholders about food information credibility, food quality, and safety. Insufficient records, a lack of digitalization and standardization of processes, and information exchange are some of the most critical challenges, which can be tackled with disruptive technologies, such as the Internet of Things (IoT), blockchain, and distributed ledger technologies (DLTs). Studies provide evidence that novel technological and sustainable practices in FSCs are necessary. This paper aims to describe current practical applications of DLTs and IoT in FSCs, investigating the challenges of implementation, and potentials for future research directions, thus contributing to achievement of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Within a systematic literature review, the content of 69 academic publications was analyzed, describing aspects of implementation and measures to address the challenges of scalability, security, and privacy of DLT, and IoT solutions. The challenges of high costs, standardization, regulation, interoperability, and energy consumption of DLT solutions were also classified as highly relevant, but were not widely addressed in literature. The application of DLTs in FSCs can potentially contribute to 6 strategic SDGs, providing synergies and possibilities for more sustainable, traceable, and transparent FSCs.

scholarly journals Beyond Intra-modality: A Survey of Heterogeneous Person Re-identification

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Wang ◽  
Zhixiang Wang ◽  
Yinqiang Zheng ◽  
Yang Wu ◽  
Wenjun Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Video Analysis ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Low Resolution ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Future Research Directions

An efficient and effective person re-identification (ReID) system relieves the users from painful and boring video watching and accelerates the process of video analysis. Recently, with the explosive demands of practical applications, a lot of research efforts have been dedicated to heterogeneous person re-identification (Hetero-ReID). In this paper, we provide a comprehensive review of state-of-the-art Hetero-ReID methods that address the challenge of inter-modality discrepancies. According to the application scenario, we classify the methods into four categories --- low-resolution, infrared, sketch, and text. We begin with an introduction of ReID, and make a comparison between Homogeneous ReID (Homo-ReID) and Hetero-ReID tasks. Then, we describe and compare existing datasets for performing evaluations, and survey the models that have been widely employed in Hetero-ReID. We also summarize and compare the representative approaches from two perspectives, i.e., the application scenario and the learning pipeline. We conclude by a discussion of some future research directions. Follow-up updates are available at https://github.com/lightChaserX/Awesome-Hetero-reID

Development of Animal Fibres Composites for Construction Applications

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Alfocea-Roig ◽  
Sergio Huete-Hernandez ◽  
Alex Maldonado-Alameda ◽  
Jessica Giro-Paloma ◽  
Josep Maria Chimenos-Ribera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Economic Cost ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Competitive Prices ◽  
New Material ◽  
The Cost

Climate change has become one of the world’s leading threats. Currently, the construction industry has a high environmental footprint. For this reason, the scientific and technological sector is looking for new materials to reduce the environmental consequences of this division. It is well known that the valorisation of different by-products can contribute to the reduction of the energy global consumption and CO2 emissions. Magnesium Phosphate Cement (MPC) can be obtained by using Low Grade Magnesium Oxide (LG-MgO) as a by-product from the industrial process of magnesite calcination. In this research, a Sustainable MPC (Sust-MPC) for different construction purposes is developed by using LG-MgO along with monopotassium phosphate KH2PO4 (MKP) as raw materials. The increasing use of synthetic fibres in clothing, as well as China’s competitive prices on Animal Fibres (AF) market, have led to a commercial interest fibre decrease for wool-like AF in Spain. This study aims to formulate a Sust-MPC cement with Animal Fibre (AF) to reduce the cost of the new material (Sust-MPC-AF) and to increase the thermal insulation, allowing the use of Sust-MPC-AF in several potential applications. Besides, it should be emphasized that the final pH of Sust-MPC is neutral, which allows containing natural fibres. To develop Sust-MPC-AF, some properties such as thermal conductivity, density, Modulus of Elasticity (MoE), flexural strength, and economic cost were evaluated using the Design of Experiments (DoE). The DoE studies allowed obtaining a model for further optimization considering minimum thermal conductivity and cost dosages. The formulation 30L-25EW presents the minimum conductivity (λ=0.140 W·m-1·K-1). Therefore, two optimal dosages (36L-25EW and 24L-22EW) are obtained by considering mixing variables such as AF/Cement ratio (AF/C) and AF/Extra Water ratio (AF/EW).

scholarly journals Deep Learning for Historical Document Analysis and Recognition—A Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Francesco Lombardi ◽  
Simone Marinai
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Historical Documents ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Historical Document ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Novel Applications

Nowadays, deep learning methods are employed in a broad range of research fields. The analysis and recognition of historical documents, as we survey in this work, is not an exception. Our study analyzes the papers published in the last few years on this topic from different perspectives: we first provide a pragmatic definition of historical documents from the point of view of the research in the area, then we look at the various sub-tasks addressed in this research. Guided by these tasks, we go through the different input-output relations that are expected from the used deep learning approaches and therefore we accordingly describe the most used models. We also discuss research datasets published in the field and their applications. This analysis shows that the latest research is a leap forward since it is not the simple use of recently proposed algorithms to previous problems, but novel tasks and novel applications of state of the art methods are now considered. Rather than just providing a conclusive picture of the current research in the topic we lastly suggest some potential future trends that can represent a stimulus for innovative research directions.

Recent Technological Advances in the Mass Spectrometry-based Nanomedicine Studies: An Insight from Nanoproteomics

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (13) ◽  
pp. 1536-1553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Tang ◽  
Yunxia Wang ◽  
Yi Li ◽  
Yang Zhang ◽  
Runyuan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Protein Quantification ◽  
Protein Profiling ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Dynamic Information ◽  
Data Repositories ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Recent Trends

Nanoscience becomes one of the most cutting-edge research directions in recent years since it is gradually matured from basic to applied science. Nanoparticles (NPs) and nanomaterials (NMs) play important roles in various aspects of biomedicine science, and their influences on the environment have caused a whole range of uncertainties which require extensive attention. Due to the quantitative and dynamic information provided for human proteome, mass spectrometry (MS)-based quantitative proteomic technique has been a powerful tool for nanomedicine study. In this article, recent trends of progress and development in the nanomedicine of proteomics were discussed from quantification techniques and publicly available resources or tools. First, a variety of popular protein quantification techniques including labeling and label-free strategies applied to nanomedicine studies are overviewed and systematically discussed. Then, numerous protein profiling tools for data processing and postbiological statistical analysis and publicly available data repositories for providing enrichment MS raw data information sources are also discussed.

scholarly journals Building Sustainable Organizations in China

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Marquis ◽  
Susan E. Jackson ◽  
Yuan Li
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Csr Reporting ◽  
Sustainability Research ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Sustainable Organizations

ABSTRACTAs China shifts its development model from focusing on economic growth at all costs to a model in which economic growth is balanced with solving pressing societal and environmental problems, there is an increasing need for management research on building sustainable organizations in China. This collection of papers focuses attention on the role of business in promoting sustainable economic development, highlighting a number of key processes including: the factors that foster transparency and CSR reporting, how stakeholders can influence corporations to abandon their CSR commitments, the benefits of environmental branding and labeling, and the antecedents and performance consequences of proactive environmental strategies. In this introductory essay we reflect on recent trends in sustainability research in China, and to encourage this important movement, provide recommendations for future research directions.

Experimental Programs: SMSG—one point of view

1962 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 476-478
Author(s):  
Lillian Marlin
Keyword(s):  
Approaches To Learning ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
School Mathematics ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Prime Mover ◽  
High School Mathematics ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
New Material ◽  
And Mathematics

The modern world, with its emphasis on science and mathematics, has given birth to new concepts in these fields. The dire need for trained mathematicians and an informed public resulted in the recognition of the need to incorporate into the study of mathematics new material and to present the old in a new light. The School Mathematics Study Group material is a prime mover in this field; it offers the new topics and language of elementary and high school mathematics, using modern approaches to learning.

scholarly journals New directions for migration policy in Europe

2002 ◽  
Vol 357 (1420) ◽  
pp. 599-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Laczko
Keyword(s):  
Migration Policy ◽  
Labour Migration ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
New Approach ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Future Direction ◽  
Immigration And Asylum ◽  
Public Reaction ◽  
First Time

There is a growing debate about the future direction of migration policy in Europe. After nearly 30 years of pursuing restrictive immigration and asylum policies, many European Union (EU) governments are beginning to re–assess their migration policies and to call for a new approach. For the first time in many years, several EU governments have begun to talk again about the benefits of labour migration and, even more significantly, have even begun to take action to recruit more migrants, especially skilled workers. This paper looks at the background to current calls for a new approach to migration in Europe and public reaction to these new initiatives. It first describes recent trends in migration in Europe and then briefly considers the demographic case for more migration. This is followed by a brief outline of some of the measures being considered by European governments to promote selective labour migration. The remainder of the paper is devoted to a discussion of some of the implications of this change in policy, focusing on two main issues: the likely consequences for sending countries, and the implications for the fight against the smuggling and trafficking of people.

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