scholarly journals A Multistate Adsorption Model for the Adsorption of C14EO4 and C14EO8 at the Solution/Air Interface

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Valentin B. Fainerman ◽  
Volodymyr I. Kovalchuk ◽  
Eugene V. Aksenenko ◽  
Francesca Ravera ◽  
Libero Liggieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Alkyl Ether ◽  
Adsorption Model ◽  
Data Description ◽  
Classical Version ◽  
Air Interface ◽  
Complete Set ◽  
Adsorption Layers

The dynamic and equilibrium properties of adsorption layers of poly (oxyethylene) alkyl ether (CnEOm) can be well described by the reorientation model. In its classical version, it assumes two adsorption states; however, there are obviously surfactants that can adsorb in more than two possible conformations. The experimental data for C14EO4 and C14EO8 (dynamic and equilibrium surface tensions and surface dilational visco-elasticity as measured by bubble profile analysis tensiometry) are used to verify if a reorientation model with more than two possible adsorption states can better describe the complete set data of CnEOm adsorption layers at the water/air interface. The proposed refined theoretical model allows s different states of the adsorbing molecules at the interface. The comparison between the model and experiment demonstrates that, for C14EO4, the assumption of s = 5 adsorption states provides a much better agreement than for s = 2, while for C14EO8, a number of s = 10 adsorption states allows an optimum data description.

scholarly journals Thermodynamics, Kinetics and Dilational Visco‑Elasticity of Adsorbed CnEOm Layers at the Aqueous Solution/Air Interface

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Valentin B. Fainerman ◽  
Volodymyr I. Kovalchuk ◽  
Eugene V. Aksenenko ◽  
Francesca Ravera ◽  
Libero Liggieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Adsorption Kinetics ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Alkyl Ether ◽  
Adsorption Model ◽  
Adsorption Parameters ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficients ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Equilibrium Surface Tension ◽  
Air Interface

The adsorption behaviour of linear poly(oxyethylene) alkyl ether (CnEOm) is best described by a reorientation model. Based on a complete set of experimental data, including the adsorption kinetics, the equilibrium surface tension isotherm and the surface dilational visco-elasticity, the thermodynamic and kinetic adsorption parameters for some CnEOm at the water/air interface were determined. For the study, six CnEOm surfactants were selected (n = 10, 12 and 14 and m = 4, 5 and 8) and were studied by bubble profile analysis and maximum bubble pressure tensiometry. A refined theoretical model based on a reorientation-adsorption model combined with a diffusion-controlled adsorption kinetics and exchange of matter allowed us to calculate the surface layer composition by adsorbing molecules in different orientations. It turns out that at larger surface coverage, the adsorption rate decreases, i.e., the apparent diffusion coefficients are smaller. This deceleration can be explained by the transition of molecules adsorbed in a state of larger molar surface area into a state with smaller molar surface area.

scholarly journals Analytical Continuation within the Freundlich Adsorption Model. Comment on Edet, U.A.; Ifelebuegu, A.O. Kinetics, Isotherms, and Thermodynamic Modeling of the Adsorption of Phosphates from Model Wastewater Using Recycled Brick Waste. Processes 2020, 8, 665

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1251
Author(s):  
Michael Vigdorowitsch ◽  
Alexander N. Pchelintsev ◽  
Liudmila E. Tsygankova
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Power Function ◽  
Thermodynamic Modeling ◽  
Mathematical Theory ◽  
Surface Adsorption ◽  
Analytical Continuation ◽  
Adsorption Model ◽  
Saturation Regime

Using experimental data for the adsorption of phosphates out of wastewater on waste recycled bricks, published independently in MDPI Processes before (2020), this message re-visits the mathematical theory of the Freundlich adsorption model. It demonstrates how experimental data are to be deeper treated to model the saturation regime and to bridge a chasm between those areas where the data fit the Freundlich power function and where a saturation of surface adsorption centers occurs.

The structure of the Cincinnati arch as determined by short period Rayleigh waves

1969 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 399-407
Author(s):  
Robert B. Herrmann
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Rayleigh Waves ◽  
Layer Model ◽  
Depth Data ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Best Fitting ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract The propagation of Rayleigh waves with periods of 0.4 to 2.0 seconds across the Cincinnati arch is investigated. The region of investigation includes southern Indiana and Ohio and northern Kentucky. The experimental data for all paths are fitted by a three-layer model of varying layer thickness but of fixed velocity in each layer. The resulting inferred structural picture is in good agreement with the known basement trends of the region. The velocities of the best fitting theoretical model agree well with velocity-depth data from a well in southern Indiana.

Development of a Methodology for the Evaluation of Motion Sickness Incidence in Railways

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Braccesi ◽  
Filippo Cianetti ◽  
Renzo Scaletta
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Motion Sickness ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Comparison With Experimental Data

The present paper illustrates an evaluation method developed by the authors to quantify the index of motion sickness incidence (MSI) in railways motion conditions. This index is formerly defined in literature to quantify diseases coming from low frequency motions (kinetosis). The proposed method, suggested as alternative to the only one existing in reference norm, involves PCT index, well known in railways context, and weighting curves for accelerometric signals, which are also specified in railways regulations. The approach of the method, consistent with the theoretical model, developed by the authors themselves in previous works, allows to obtain MSI index versus time and/or track progressive distance. The model is validated through comparison with experimental data available in literature and with measures recorded and obtained on regular trains during tests performed in Slovenia (EU).

scholarly journals Coordination Numbers of Bivalent Ions in Organic Solvents

2021 ◽  
Vol 95 (10) ◽  
pp. 2059-2064
Author(s):  
M. A. Orekhov
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Molecular Dynamic ◽  
Coordination Number ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Organic Molecule ◽  
Dynamic Models ◽  
Coordination Numbers ◽  
A Value ◽  
Bivalent Ions

Abstract Molecular dynamic models are created for properties of bivalent ions in organic solvents. It is shown that molecules of the considered solvents bound to ions via oxygen atoms. A theoretical model is developed that describes the ion coordination number. The coordination number in this model is determined by the ratio between the sizes of the ion and the atom organic molecule bound to it. It is shown that the coordination number depends weakly on the solvent and strongly on the type of ion. A value of 0.13 nm is obtained for the effective size of an oxygen atom bound to a bivalent ion. The constructed theoretical model agrees with the results from molecular dynamic calculations and the available experimental data.

Radiation-Induced Buoyancy-Driven Flow in Rectangular Enclosures: Experiment and Analysis

1987 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. W. Webb ◽  
R. Viskanta
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Temperature Field ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Radiation Flux ◽  
Convective Motion ◽  
Radiative Heating ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Injection Technique ◽  
Flux Divergence ◽  
Radiation Induced

Experiments have been performed to study the rate of internal radiative heating on the natural convective motion in a vertical rectangular enclosure irradiated from the side. A Mach–Zehnder interferometer has been used to determine the temperature field, and a fluorescing dye injection technique was employed to illustrate the flow structure with water as the working fluid. A theoretical model is developed for predicting the absorption of thermal radiation and the subsequent buoyancy-driven flow. Predictions based on spectral calculations for the radiation flux divergence agree well with the experimental data.

scholarly journals FINAL STATE INTERACTIONS IN B → ππK AND $B\to K\overline{K}K$ DECAYS

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (02n03) ◽  
pp. 645-648
Author(s):  
L. LEŚNIAK ◽  
R. KAMIŃSKI ◽  
B. EL-BENNICH ◽  
B. LOISEAU ◽  
A. FURMAN
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Unitary Representation ◽  
B Meson ◽  
Final State ◽  
B Meson Decays ◽  
Meson Decays ◽  
Neutral B Meson ◽  
Final State Interactions

Analysis of charged and neutral B meson decays into π+π-K, K+K-K and [Formula: see text] is performed using a unitary representation of the ππ and [Formula: see text] final state interactions. Comparison of the theoretical model with the experimental data of the Belle and BaBar Collaborations indicates that charming penguin contributions are necessary to describe the B → f0(980) K and B → ρ(770)0 K decays.

scholarly journals Scalar isoscalar form factors for energies above 1 GeV

2019 ◽  
Vol 202 ◽  
pp. 06002
Author(s):  
Stefan Ropertz ◽  
Christoph Hanhart ◽  
Bastian Kubis
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Scattering Amplitudes ◽  
Form Factors ◽  
Padé Approximants ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Data Description ◽  
Pade Approximants ◽  
Low Energies

We present a new parametrization for scattering amplitudes and form factors, which is consistent with high-accuracy dispersive representations at low energies but at the same time allows for a data description of higher mass resonances such as the f0(1500) and f0(2020). The formalism is general and thus can be applied to many decay processes. As an example we discuss the decay of $ \bar {B}_s^0 $ → J/ψππ(KK). From the amplitude fixed in a fit to the experimental data pole positions and residues are extracted via Padé approximants.

scholarly journals A theoretical model of a wake of a body towed in a stratified fluid at large Reynolds and Froude numbers

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. I. Troitskaya ◽  
O. A. Druzhinin ◽  
D. A. Sergeev ◽  
V. V. Papko ◽  
G. N. Balandina
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Momentum Transfer ◽  
Hydrodynamic Instability ◽  
Jet Flow ◽  
Stratified Fluid ◽  
Turbulent Jet ◽  
Wake Flow ◽  
Mean Flow ◽  
Turbulent Jet Flow

Abstract. The objective of the present paper is to develop a theoretical model describing the evolution of a turbulent wake behind a towed sphere in a stably stratified fluid at large Froude and Reynolds numbers. The wake flow is considered as a quasi two-dimensional (2-D) turbulent jet flow whose dynamics is governed by the momentum transfer from the mean flow to a quasi-2-D sinuous mode growing due to hydrodynamic instability. The model employs a quasi-linear approximation to describe this momentum transfer. The model scaling coefficients are defined with the use of available experimental data, and the performance of the model is verified by comparison with the results of a direct numerical simulation of a 2-D turbulent jet flow. The model prediction for the temporal development of the wake axis mean velocity is found to be in good agreement with the experimental data obtained by Spedding (1997).

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