scholarly journals Urbanization and Vulnerability of Architectural Heritage: The Case of Dar es Salaam CBD

Conservation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-227
Author(s):  
Swai Ombeni ◽  
Dorothea Mbosha ◽  
Simon Mpyanga
Keyword(s):  
Driving Forces ◽  
Central Business District ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Architectural Heritage ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Architectural Styles ◽  
Physical Transformation ◽  
Heritage Buildings

The architectural heritage present in Dar es Salaam Central Business District (CBD) spans across Arab, German, British, and post-colonial eras. The city is rich in buildings with combined architectural styles. Over the past few decades, Dar es Salaam has been experiencing considerable pressure from urbanization. This has resulted in a boom of contemporary construction approaches, yet little concern has been given to the existing old buildings and historical fabric in general. Although urbanization is an unstoppable reality due to the forces it carries with it, it is necessary to find ways to strike a balance between urbanization and its impact on the original urban setting which is less explored in Dar es Salaam. This study investigated the relationship between urbanization and architectural heritage with the intention to balance the two, and set to answer questions about how the two can co-exist. Through a case study approach, changes such as physical transformation, elimination, and replacement of architectural heritage buildings were investigated and analyzed through maps, graphs, and charts. The results have indicated that the driving forces of urbanization such as population, policies, and economy have been influencing each other in physical transformation and demolition of architectural heritage buildings throughout the period between 1967 and 2020. The study suggests that activities such as ecotourism which will enhance social economic benefits should be promoted to support both the urbanization process and architectural heritage conservation.

scholarly journals HERITAGE AT RISK IN BRAZIL: WHAT LESSONS CAN WE LEARN FROM THE REGENERATION OF ROYAL ARSENAL, EAST LONDON?

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W15 ◽  
pp. 335-341
Author(s):  
R. S. Citron ◽  
J. P. Talamini
Keyword(s):  
Economic Benefits ◽  
The Other ◽  
Conservation Practice ◽  
Architectural Styles ◽  
Heritage Buildings ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Building Conservation ◽  
Historic City ◽  
City Centres

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> All over the world, historic building in city centres are being demolished to give way to new (and taller) developments. In most cases, there isn’t even any kind of documentation of the historic buildings before its demolition. This is a very usual phenomenon in Brazil, where building conservation is a recent subject and only a few architectural styles are considered heritage. This leaves a great number of buildings under no kind of protection, especially in smaller and non-touristic communities. These buildings are usually located in city centres, where taller (and more profitable) developments are encouraged, which puts heritage in even a higher risk of demolition. When historic city centres are regenerated, it usually results in gentrification, with the old housing being replaced by restaurants and shops for tourists. In the UK, in the other hand, heritage conservation has been discussed for many decades, resulting on a good number of heritage-led regeneration examples to be followed. Investments in the conservation of areas of historical interest have turned them into social, cultural and economic benefits. A big difference between the conservation practice in Brazil and in the UK is that in the last one and specially in London, where the demand for new homes grows every year, heritage buildings are usually converted into residential use. Besides, a much greater number of buildings are considered heritage since it's been agreed that the value of a building or an area should be attributed by the community that created it. During the process of adaptive reuse of the building, a accurate survey os required for the planning application, which helps documenting these buildings for future intervention. This paper analyses the regeneration process of Royal Arsenal, Woolwich, in East London and aims to demonstrate why Britain gets to develop and preserve at the same time while in Brazil we usually can only do one or the other. To get to this result, this paper will point out the main differences between the conservation and planning processes in both countries.</p>

scholarly journals Green Spaces in Residential Areas of Dar es Salaam City: Types, Coverage and Uses

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Nicholaus Mwageni ◽  
Robert Kiunsi
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Natural Vegetation ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Building Density ◽  
Dar Es Salaam City ◽  
The City

Green spaces in urban areas including in Dar es Salaam City provide multiple ecological, social and economic benefits. Despite their benefits they are inadequately documented in terms types, coverage and uses. This paper attempts to provide information on types, coverage and uses of green space in Dar es Salaam City. A number of methods including literature review, interpretation of remotely sensed image, interviews, focus group discussions and questionnaires were used to document city greenery. The research findings show that residential greenery is made up of greenery found within and external to plots. The dominant green spaces external to residential plots were natural and semi natural vegetation while within plots were woody plants, plots farms vegetable and ornamental gardens. Distribution of greenery varied among the wards due to differences in building density and distance from the city centre. Natural and semi natural vegetation increased with decrease of building density and increase of distance from the city centre, while the number of plots with trees for shade increased with increase of building density. Only Kawe ward that had greenery above Tanzania space planning standards, the other three wards which are informal settlements had green space deficit. Three quarters of the households use green spaces for shade provision and cooling, two thirds as a source of food products and a quarter for recreation and aesthetic purposes. The study reveals that Dar es Salaam City residents invest predominantly on shade trees in their residential plots compared to other green space types.

Value of Planning and Design of Buddhist Temples in Hebei Province, China

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
Jian Jin ◽  
Jindi Yao ◽  
Jianxiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation System ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Indicator System ◽  
Hebei Province ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Architectural Heritage ◽  
Research Perspective ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Architectural Styles ◽  
Architectural Planning

To raise public awareness of protecting Buddhist temples, this study considers Hebei Province of China as an example, and explores the value of architectural planning and design of Buddhist temples. After 11 Buddhist temples in Hebei Province of China are selected, the paper adopts a Delphi method and questionnaire survey method, establishes the value evaluation system from four dimensions: historical value, artistic value, scientific value, and sociocultural value; and calculates the value of the Buddhist temples’ architectural planning and design according to expert rating. Research results indicate the following. Puning Temple, Jinhe Temple, and ShiEn Temple rank at the top because they are complete extant ancient buildings and have beautiful architectural styles. Chongguang Temple and other Buddhist temples have low comprehensive score because they are severely damaged and other reasons. The comparative study indicates that Buddhist temples at different historical periods have different architectural heritage values, and different influencing factors exert different effects on the architectural heritage value. The study establishes an evaluation indicator system, studies the value of Buddhist temples’ architectural planning and design, and achieves certain innovative research perspective. The evaluation of the value of Buddhist temples’ architectural planning and design can help the public gain a better understanding of the value of temple architectural culture. This understanding benefits the preservation of the temple building heritage.

scholarly journals Ranking of Heritage Building Conversion Alternatives by Applying BIM and MCDM: A Case of Sapieha Palace in Vilnius

Symmetry ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavlovskis ◽  
Migilinskas ◽  
Antucheviciene ◽  
Kutut
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Multiple Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Multiple Criteria ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Relative Significance ◽  
Heritage Buildings ◽  
Building Conversion

A balance (symmetry) between socio-cultural and socio-economic benefits as a part of the economic, social, and cultural development policy of each city and country should be assured when converting built heritage. To anticipate building conversion priorities and opportunities, modern technologies can be employed. However, currently the activity of reconstruction of heritage buildings is part of the construction domain wherein modern digital technologies have been the least ever applied. Therefore, photogrammetry and the 3D modeling of existing heritage buildings was suggested. A case study of Sapieha Palace, built in the Baroque style in 1689–1691 in Vilnius, Lithuania was explored in this research. The applied technologies and software (Agisoft Photoscan, Autodesk ReCap and Autodesk Revit) allowed for the creation of a high quality and accurate model involving both the textured exterior of the building and the interior layout. In addition, the valuable features of a building were identified and marked in a three-dimensional digital model. Based on the model, the authors formulated possible conversion alternatives of the building and identified the associated decision-making criteria, as well as determined their relative significance by an expert survey method. The authors suggested the application of the multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) method under uncertainty, namely the rough weighted aggregated sum product assessment (WASPAS), for ranking alternatives according to multiple criteria. Therefore, the suggested integration of modern digital technologies and decision-making models helps to assure the rational conversion decision of built cultural heritage based on high accuracy data as well as contributing to the sustainable development of engineering processes.

scholarly journals Injuries among children and adolescents in a rapidly growing urban African metropolis: a cross-sectional survey of 1,968 households in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e10048
Author(s):  
Mónica Alejandra Pérez Méndez ◽  
Hamisi A. Kigwangalla ◽  
Till Bärnighausen ◽  
Michael Lowery Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Injury Incidence ◽  
Child Injury ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Child Characteristics

Objectives To assess the patterns and incidence of child and adolescent injury and explore associations with household deprivation and child characteristics in a low-income urban setting. Study Design Cross-sectional household survey in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Methods Data collection took place during July 2009. Injuries requiring medical attention were recorded with a one month period of recall. A total of 1,968 households representing 3,927 children and adolescents were visited by health workers. Gender-, age-, and type-specific injury incidence was compiled. Odds ratios were calculated to measure associations with child injury, perceived deprivation, household characteristics and child characteristics. Results One household in five reported injuries. The estimated incidence was 3.2 per 10,000 child-years. The most common identifiable injuries were falls (41%), cuts (22%) and burns (16%). Male and younger children aged 1–4 years were at higher risk (respectively OR = 1.36; p = 0.004; OR = 1.47; p ≤ 0.001). Conclusions In Dar e Salaam injuries are common. Future investigations should take into account both subjective and objective measurements of relative household deprivation and a clear criteria for the assessment of injury severity in community-based survey contexts.

scholarly journals Potret dan Dinamika Wirausaha Muda Kreatif Kaliabu

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 636
Author(s):  
Onto Kusumo ◽  
Dewi Cahyani Puspitasari
Keyword(s):  
Graphic Design ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Creative Class ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Flexible System ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
The Village

This study aimed to understand the emergence of the creative class in the context of youth villager. This study used a case study approach by taking the case of the emergence of graphic designers at Kaliabu Village, Magelang Regency. This study used the theory of Creative Class and Youth to explain the dynamics of the emergence of the creative class in Kaliabu. Opportunities in the form of professional graphic designers who comes in line with the current socio-economic changes currently utilized by the younger generation Kaliabu. These changes are related to the economic system based on information technology, progress and financial services industry, the emergence of the company with a flexible system, global supply chains, as well as the process of globalization. These things are external factors that allow graphic designers in Kaliabu Village to carry out cross-country service transactions in online graphic design marketplaces such as 99design.The external change then responded with passion of high exploration by youths Kaliabu. The success of one of the residents in Kaliabu by winning the online design contest fortunately inspire other youths. The learning process occurs among Kaliabu youth. Ultimately in 2012 in the village of Kaliabu already has two hundred young people who become a graphic designer. They are embodied in a community called as Rewo-Rewo. Their function as provider of graphic design and the relations on aspects of talent, technology, and tolerance explaining they are parts of the creative classes. The conclusion of this study showed that the rise of the creative class in the form of hundreds of graphic designers in Kaliabu is a result of the dynamics of youth Kaliabu in response to socio-economic changes. The graphic design of the logo brought economic benefits to them.

scholarly journals Genome sequencing links persistent outbreak of legionellosis in Sydney to an emerging clone of Legionella pneumophila ST211

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
VJ Timms ◽  
R Rockett ◽  
NL Bachmann ◽  
E Martinez ◽  
Q Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Central Business District ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Cooling Towers ◽  
Main Cluster ◽  
Genome Recombination ◽  
Sources Of Infection ◽  
Business District

AbstractThe city of Sydney, Australia, experienced a persistent outbreak of Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 (Lp1) pneumonia in 2016. To elucidate the source and bring the outbreak to a close we examined the genomes of clinical and environmental Lp1 isolates recovered over 7 weeks. A total of 48 isolates from patients and cooling towers were sequenced and compared using SNP-based, core-genome MLST and pangenome approaches. All three methods confirmed phylogenetic relatedness between isolates associated with outbreaks in the Central Business District (March and May) and Suburb 1. These isolates were designated “Main cluster” and consisted of isolates from two patients from the CBD March outbreak, one patient and one tower isolate from Suburb 1 and isolates from two cooling towers and three patients from the CDB May outbreak. All main cluster isolates were sequence type ST211 which has only ever been reported in Canada. Significantly, pangenome analysis identified mobile genetic elements containing a unique T4ASS that was specific to the main cluster and co-circulating clinical strains, suggesting a potential mechanism for increased fitness and persistence of the outbreak clone. Genome sequencing was key in deciphering the environmental sources of infection among the spatially and temporally coinciding cases of legionellosis in this highly populated urban setting. Further, the discovery of a unique T4ASS emphasises the potential contribution of genome recombination in the emergence of successful Lp1 clones.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document