scholarly journals Continuous- versus Segmented-Flow Microfluidic Synthesis in Materials Science

Crystals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathieu Gonidec ◽  
Josep Puigmartí-Luis
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Parallel Evolution ◽  
Reaction Diffusion ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Microfluidic Devices ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Segmented Flow ◽  
Materials Synthesis

Materials science is a fast-evolving area that aims to uncover functional materials with ever more sophisticated properties and functions. For this to happen, new methodologies for materials synthesis, optimization, and preparation are desired. In this context, microfluidic technologies have emerged as a key enabling tool for a low-cost and fast prototyping of materials. Their ability to screen multiple reaction conditions rapidly with a small amount of reagent, together with their unique physico-chemical characteristics, have made microfluidic devices a cornerstone technology in this research field. Among the different microfluidic approaches to materials synthesis, the main contenders can be classified in two categories: continuous-flow and segmented-flow microfluidic devices. These two families of devices present very distinct characteristics, but they are often pooled together in general discussions about the field with seemingly little awareness of the major divide between them. In this perspective, we outline the parallel evolution of those two sub-fields by highlighting the key differences between both approaches, via a discussion of their main achievements. We show how continuous-flow microfluidic approaches, mimicking nature, provide very finely-tuned chemical gradients that yield highly-controlled reaction–diffusion (RD) areas, while segmented-flow microfluidic systems provide, on the contrary, very fast homogenization methods, and therefore well-defined super-saturation regimes inside arrays of micro-droplets that can be manipulated and controlled at the milliseconds scale. Those two classes of microfluidic reactors thus provide unique and complementary advantages over classical batch synthesis, with a drive towards the rational synthesis of out-of-equilibrium states for the former, and the preparation of high-quality and complex nanoparticles with narrow size distributions for the latter.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in the Fabrication and Environmental Science Applications of Cellulose Nanofibril-Based Functional Materials

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5390
Author(s):  
Lianming Zhang ◽  
Lei Guo ◽  
Gang Wei
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Science ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Organic Dyes ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cellulose Nanofibrils ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Practical Applications

Cellulose is one of the important biomass materials in nature and has shown wide applications in various fields from materials science, biomedicine, tissue engineering, wearable devices, energy, and environmental science, as well as many others. Due to their one-dimensional nanostructure, high specific surface area, excellent biodegradability, low cost, and high sustainability, cellulose nanofibrils/nanofibers (CNFs) have been widely used for environmental science applications in the last years. In this review, we summarize the advance in the design, synthesis, and water purification applications of CNF-based functional nanomaterials. To achieve this aim, we firstly introduce the synthesis and functionalization of CNFs, which are further extended for the formation of CNF hybrid materials by combining with other functional nanoscale building blocks, such as polymers, biomolecules, nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, and two-dimensional (2D) materials. Then, the fabrication methods of CNF-based 2D membranes/films, three-dimensional (3D) hydrogels, and 3D aerogels are presented. Regarding the environmental science applications, CNF-based nanomaterials for the removal of metal ions, anions, organic dyes, oils, and bio-contents are demonstrated and discussed in detail. Finally, the challenges and outlooks in this promising research field are discussed. It is expected that this topical review will guide and inspire the design and fabrication of CNF-based novel nanomaterials with high sustainability for practical applications.

Classification of Spatially Confined Reactions and the Electrochemical Applications of Molybdenum-Based Nanocomposites

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 587
Author(s):  
Sitong Guo ◽  
Wen Tan ◽  
Jiyicheng Qiu ◽  
Jinlong Du ◽  
Zhanxu Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Reaction System ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Materials Synthesis ◽  
Material Synthesis ◽  
Electrochemical Application ◽  
And Performance

As a popular material synthesis method, spatially confined reactions have been gradually recognised for their excellent performance in the field of current materials synthesis. In recent years, molybdenum-based catalysts have gradually gained recognition due to high natural reserves of Mo, its low cost, and many other advantages, and they have wide applications in the area of functional materials, especially in topical areas such as batteries and electrocatalysts. In this context, spatially confined reactions have become widely to obtain various types of molybdenum-based electrode materials and electrocatalysts which result in an excellent morphology, structure, and performance. In this review, the concept of a spatially confined reaction system and the electrochemical application (electrode materials and electrocatalyst) of molybdenum-based materials synthesised in this way are comprehensively discussed. The current problems and future development and application of molybdenum-based materials are also discussed in this review.

scholarly journals Bi6Te2-xRxO13 (R=Ti, Si, Ce) Systems: A Investigation for Fuel Cell Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 246-250
Author(s):  
K.D. Ferreira ◽  
◽  
G. Gasparatto ◽  
G.P. Viajante ◽  
J.F. Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Cubic Phase ◽  
Ionic Conductors ◽  
Materials Synthesis ◽  
Promising Alternative

In recent years, the increase of economic and environmental problems related to energy generation has increased researches at renewable energy sources. Among others, the fuel cells excel as promising alternative technology of electricity generation and materials science is an ally in the search for better and more efficient materials for this application. In particular, solid-state ionic conductors represent functional materials with promising advantages for fuel cells, as is the case of Bi2O3-based oxygen ion conductors, however, they need to have its cubic phase stabilized at room temperature. This paper presents a study of the Bi6Te2-xRxO13 (R = Ti, Si and Ce) systems for such an application. Solid state reaction was used to materials synthesis. The 3Bi2O3:2TeO2 system present two phases, an orthorhombic one (Bi6Te2O15) stable at room temperature and another high temperature cubic (Bi6Te2O13). Experiments of substitution of Te ions by Ti, Si and Ce ions using the Bi6Te2- xRxO13 matrix were done intending to stabilize the cubic phase at room temperature and the results are presented as well as discussed here.

Fungus-mediated Biological Approaches Towards 'Green' Synthesis of Oxide Nanomaterials

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vipul Bansal ◽  
Rajesh Ramanathan ◽  
Suresh K. Bhargava
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Environmentally Benign ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Biological Synthesis ◽  
Materials Synthesis ◽  
Nanomaterials Synthesis ◽  
Critical Overview ◽  
Promising Avenue

A promising avenue of research in materials science is to follow the strategies used by nature to fabricate ornate hierarchical materials. For many ages, organisms have been engaged in on-the-job testing to craft structural and functional materials and have evolved extensively to possibly create the best-known materials. Some of the strategies used by nature may well have practical implications in the world of nanomaterials. Therefore, the efforts to exploit nature’s ingenious work in designing strategies for nanomaterials synthesis has led to biological routes for materials synthesis. This review outlines the biological synthesis of a range of oxide nanomaterials that has hitherto been achieved using fungal biosynthesis routes. A critical overview of the current status and future scope of this field that could potentially lead to the microorganism-mediated commercial, large-scale, environmentally benign, and economically-viable ‘green’ syntheses of oxide nanomaterials is also discussed.

scholarly journals Applications of Synthetic Biology in Materials Science

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
Chao Shang ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Biology ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Material Design ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Material Sciences

Materials are the basis for human being survival and social development. To keep abreast with the increasing needs from all aspects of human society, there are huge needs in the development of advanced materials as well as high-efficiency but low-cost manufacturing strategies that are both sustainable and tunable. Synthetic biology, a new engineering principle taking gene regulation and engineering design as the core, greatly promotes the development of life sciences. This discipline has also contributed to the development of material sciences and will continuously bring new ideas to future new material design. In this paper, we review recent advances in applications of synthetic biology in material sciences, with the focus on how synthetic biology could enable synthesis of new polymeric biomaterials and inorganic materials, phage display and directed evolution of proteins relevant to materials development, living functional materials, engineered bacteria-regulated artificial photosynthesis system as well as applications of gene circuits for material sciences.

Emerging paper microfluidic devices

The Analyst ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 144 (22) ◽  
pp. 6497-6511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingbing Gao ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
Yaqiong Yang ◽  
Jianlin Chu ◽  
Bingfang He
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Microfluidic Devices ◽  
Paper Microfluidic

Paper has unique advantages over other materials, including low cost, flexibility, porosity, and self-driven liquid pumping, thus making it widely used in various fields in biology, chemistry, physics and materials science.

Solvothermal processes in Materials Synthesis

2005 ◽  
Vol 878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gérard Demazeau ◽  
Graziella Goglio ◽  
Alain Largeteau
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Fluid Phase ◽  
Thin Film Deposition ◽  
Film Deposition ◽  
Solvothermal Reaction ◽  
Materials Chemistry ◽  
Materials Synthesis

AbstractA solvothermal reaction can be described as a chemical reaction involving a solvent either in subcritical or supercritical conditions between different precursors. Such a solvent can act as a chemical component or a fluid phase able, through its physico-chemical properties, to induce the synthesis reactions. During the last fifteen years, solvothermal reactions have been used in different scientific areas involving basic or applied research. Several domains have been developed in Materials Chemistry: (i) the synthesis of novel materials, (ii) the development of new low temperature processes able to prepare functional materials, and in Materials Science: (i) new crystal growth processes, (ii) thin film deposition and (iii) sintering processes at low temperature. In Materials Chemistry three illustrations are described: (i) the synthesis through “geomimetism” of a new family of layered oxides: the phyllosiloxides, (ii) the synthesis of inorganic-organic materials, (iii) the potential of solvothermal processes for producing c-BN.

A glance on rare earth oxides: importance, reserves, demand, applications, critical uncertainties, global economy, and zeta potential characterization

2020 ◽  
Vol 05 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silas Santos ◽  
Orlando Rodrigues ◽  
Letícia Campos
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Rare Earths ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Rare Earth Oxides ◽  
Interparticle Forces

Background: Innovation mission in materials science requires new approaches to form functional materials, wherein the concept of its formation begins in nano/micro scale. Rare earth oxides with general form (RE2O3; RE from La to Lu, including Sc and Y) exhibit particular proprieties, being used in a vast field of applications with high technological content since agriculture to astronomy. Despite of their applicability, there is a lack of studies on surface chemistry of rare earth oxides. Zeta potential determination provides key parameters to form smart materials by controlling interparticle forces, as well as their evolution during processing. This paper reports a study on zeta potential with emphasis for rare earth oxide nanoparticles. A brief overview on rare earths, as well as zeta potential, including sample preparation, measurement parameters, and the most common mistakes during this evaluation are reported. Methods: A brief overview on rare earths, including zeta potential, and interparticle forces are presented. A practical study on zeta potential of rare earth oxides - RE2O3 (RE as Y, Dy, Tm, Eu, and Ce) in aqueous media is reported. Moreover, sample preparation, measurement parameters, and common mistakes during this evaluation are discussed. Results: Potential zeta values depend on particle characteristics such as size, shape, density, and surface area. Besides, preparation of samples which involves electrolyte concentration and time for homogenization of suspensions are extremely valuable to get suitable results. Conclusion: Zeta potential evaluation provides key parameters to produce smart materials seeing that interparticle forces can be controlled. Even though zeta potential characterization is mature, investigations on rare earth oxides are very scarce. Therefore, this innovative paper is a valuable contribution on this field.

scholarly journals Metal Nano/Microparticles for Bioapplications

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4543
Author(s):  
Xuan-Hung Pham ◽  
Seung-min Park ◽  
Bong-Hyun Jun
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Micro Particles ◽  
Materials Science And Engineering

Nano/micro particles are considered to be the most valuable and important functional materials in the field of materials science and engineering [...]

scholarly journals Unconventional Materials Processing Using Spark Plasma Sintering

Ceramics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-40
Author(s):  
Ambreen Nisar ◽  
Cheng Zhang ◽  
Benjamin Boesl ◽  
Arvind Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Gas Quenching ◽  
Spark Plasma

Spark plasma sintering (SPS) has gained recognition in the last 20 years for its rapid densification of hard-to-sinter conventional and advanced materials, including metals, ceramics, polymers, and composites. Herein, we describe the unconventional usages of the SPS technique developed in the field. The potential of various new modifications in the SPS technique, from pressureless to the integration of a novel gas quenching system to extrusion, has led to SPS’ evolution into a completely new manufacturing tool. The SPS technique’s modifications have broadened its usability from merely a densification tool to the fabrication of complex-shaped components, advanced functional materials, functionally gradient materials, interconnected materials, and porous filter materials for real-life applications. The broader application achieved by modification of the SPS technique can provide an alternative to conventional powder metallurgy methods as a scalable manufacturing process. The future challenges and opportunities in this emerging research field have also been identified and presented.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document