scholarly journals Intracerebral Hemorrhage, Visual Hallucination and COVID-19: What Is the Connection? A Case-Related Review of the Literature on Peduncular Hallucinosis Following Intracerebral Hemorrhage

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Nicolas M. Nagysomkuti Mertse ◽  
Lisa Zenorini ◽  
René Müri

Previous publications have discussed the occurrence of intracerebral hemorrhages, hallucinations and psychosis in COVID-19 patients. In this article, we have reviewed the literature on the subject while depicting the case of a 63-year-old female patient who suffered from an intracerebral hemorrhage in the right basal ganglia and thalamus two weeks after a COVID-19 diagnosis and who developed a visual hallucinosis shortly after. We concluded that, while there may be a correlation between COVID-19 and hallucinations according to current literature, more research is yet needed to clarify. In our case, we rather interpreted the hallucinations in the context of a peduncular hallucinosis related to the intracerebral hemorrhage. We compared our patient’s lesion localization to other 15 reported cases of peduncular hallucinations following intracerebral hemorrhages reported on Pubmed. In summary, the lesions were localized in the pons in 52.9% of the cases, 17.7% were in the thalamus and/or the basal ganglia, 17.7% in the mesencephalon and respectively 5.8% in the temporal and occipital lobe. The distribution pattern we found is consistent with the previously proposed mechanism behind peduncular hallucinations.

2021 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-56
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Zagórska ◽  
Łukasz Makowski

The aim of this article is to present spectacular examples of reclamation and development of post-industrial sites, carried out in Poland in the 1920s and 1950s, with emphasis on their recreational function. Examples include a park built between 1889 and 1920 by Wojciech Bednarski in the valley of the former quarry in Podgórze, now the right-bank district of Krakow, and “General Jerzy Ziętek Provincial Park of Culture and Recreation”, now called “the Silesia Park”, created in the 1950s on degraded post-industrial land located within the borders of three cities: Chorzów, Katowice and Siemianowice Śląskie. Both parks are examples of reclaiming brownfield sites for recreational use in order to create attractive leisure spaces. They have become a model and point of reference for other park planning projects in Poland. Their spatial and functional design is exceptionally timeless. The study is mainly based on a review of the literature of the subject.


polemica ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 054-071
Author(s):  
Thamiris Marques ◽  
Álvaro Rafael Santana Peixoto ◽  
Rafael Pecly Wolter

Resumo: Este artigo propõe uma discussão acerca dos posicionamentos relativos às cotas. Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura com a finalidade de levantar argumentos favoráveis e contrários às cotas, oriundos de estudos de quatro áreas das Ciências Humanas (psicologia social, antropologia, sociologia e educação) realizados no Brasil a partir dos anos 2000 com enfoque no posicionamento de estudantes universitários. Constatou-se que os argumentos desfavoráveis ao sistema de reserva de vagas estão calcados, principalmente, em problemas decorrentes da vigência da medida, enquanto nos argumentos favoráveis encontram-se a eficácia das cotas e sua finalidade de reparo histórico-social. Foram levantadas possíveis causas que levam grupos de pessoas a se posicionar em relação às cotas: a primeira causa está relacionada com as experiências individuais prévias, que ocorrem quando o fato de conviver ou presenciar discriminação em relação a minorias marca os indivíduos e faz com que possuam posicionamento favorável ou contrário acerca do tema; a segunda causa corresponde ao direito ao benefício, já que o fato do sujeito poder ou não se beneficiar das cotas traria uma influência no posicionamento que tem da medida. A terceira causa seria a proximidade com os cotistas, que corresponde à aproximação do sujeito com pessoas do círculo pessoal que são cotistas; a quarta causa seria a homologia estrutural, de modo que a posição que se ocupa na estrutura da sociedade influencia diretamente no julgamento de objetos e suas relações com indivíduos de outra posição na estrutura. A quinta causa é a Ideologia, onde representações ideologicamente marcadas (acerca da justiça, igualdade, mérito) influenciariam no posicionamento acerca das cotas. Portanto, os posicionamentos não ocorrem apenas de forma individual e se sustentariam também a partir de causas psicossociais.Palavras-chave: Cotas. Atitude. Pensamento social. Universitários.Abstract: This article proposes a discussion about the positions about quotas. A review of the literature was realized with the purpose of raising arguments favorable and against quotas, from studies in four areas of the Human Sciences (social psychology, anthropology, sociology and education) published in Brazil from the 2000s with a focus on the positioning of college students. are mainly based on problems arising from the difficulty of allocating quotas, while the favorable arguments are the effectiveness of quotas and their purpose of historical and social repair. Possible causes that lead groups of people to position themselves in relation to quotas have been verified: the first cause is related to the previous individual experiences, which occur when the fact of living or witnessing discrimination in relation to minorities marks the individuals and makes them be favorable or against the subject; the second cause corresponds to the right to the benefit, since the fact that the subject may or may not benefit from quotas would have an influence on the position of the measure. The third cause would be proximity to the quota students, which corresponds to the approximation of the subject with people in the personal circle who are quota students; the fourth cause would be structural homology, so that the position that a group occupies in the structure of society directly influences the judgment of objects and their relations with individuals of another position in the structure. The fifth cause is Ideology, where ideologically marked representations (about justice, equality, merit) would influence the positioning of dimensions. Therefore, the positioning does not only occur individually and would also be sustained from psychosocial causes.Keywords: Quotas. Attitude. Social thought. College students


2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex M Witek ◽  
Nina Z Moore ◽  
M Adeeb Sebai ◽  
Mark D Bain

AbstractBACKGROUNDAlthough tubular retractor systems have gained popularity for other indications, there have been few reports of their use for arteriovenous malformation (AVM) surgery. A patient was diagnosed with a ruptured 1.2-cm subcortical AVM after presenting with intracerebral hemorrhage in the right frontal lobe and anterior basal ganglia. The characteristics of this AVM made it amenable to resection using a tubular retractor.OBJECTIVETo demonstrate the feasibility and safety of AVM resection using a tubular retractor system.METHODSResection of the ruptured 1.2-cm subcortical AVM was performed utilizing the BrainPathTM (NICO corp, Indianapolis, Indiana) tubular retractor system.RESULTSThe BrainPathTM approach provided sufficient visualization and surgical freedom to permit successful AVM resection and hematoma evacuation. Postoperative imaging demonstrated near total hematoma removal and angiographic obliteration of the AVM. There were no complications, and the patient made an excellent recovery.CONCLUSIONTubular retractors warrant consideration for accessing small, deep, ruptured AVMs. The nuances of such systems and their role in AVM surgery are discussed.


2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jama A. Mohamud ◽  
Jingtao Wu ◽  
Ye Jing ◽  
Yu Wang

We report a case of 50-year-old man with a severe acute ischemic stroke followed by intracerebral hemorrhage and brain abscess due to systemic infection. His initial intracranial radiographic findings were normal but three days later MRI scan of the brain revealed well-defined rounded cystic lesion on the T2-weighted and T1-weighted images in the right basal ganglia; the lesion presented an area of diffusion restriction on DWI; lately the lesion was confirmed to be an early stage of cerebral abscess. A week later the patient was noted to have worsening neurological status and left extremity weakness, and emergency brain CT scan revealed massive intracerebral hemorrhage in the right occipital lobe; he underwent intracranial hematoma evacuation surgery. The hematoma was removed successfully, and the systemic infections were treated with antibiotics.


Author(s):  
Ayoub Bouya ◽  
Mounir Rhounimi ◽  
Moncef Boufettal ◽  
Mohamed Salah Berrada

<p class="abstract">The authors report the exceptional case of isolated muscular tuberculosis affecting the anterior compartment of the right thigh in a 38-year-old man. The diagnosis was based on histology and GeneXpert. The subject received a surgical treatment followed by medical treatment for 6 months. The GeneXpert test has proved to be useful in the diagnosis of muscular tuberculosis. We have not found in the literature the use of GeneXpert in this type of localization of tuberculosis whose diagnostic is not always easy. Through the study of this case and a review of the literature, the authors review the pathogenesis of this particular affection as well as the diagnostic and therapeutic modalities.</p><p class="abstract"> </p>


2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Józef Myrczek ◽  
Janusz Juraszek ◽  
Piotr Tworek

This paper aims to outline the selected issues of risk management in construction enterprises operating in the Silesian and Małopolskie voivodships (Poland). In this context, it seems vitally important to have risk accurately identified, quantified and, consequently, responded to in the right way. Although the paper is mainly empirical in its character, it is based on a theoretical background, particularly when it comes to risk management in the construction industry, which is referred to in the literature on the subject as CRM (Construction Risk Management). The paper contains a review of the literature in this field and uses the method of synthesis. It emphasises the applicability and methodology of the issues discussed here, i.e. those which were verified in the empirical research conducted among construction contractors as participants of investment and construction processes.


2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 346-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Banho Rosa ◽  
Bruna Orquiza ◽  
Filipe Benetti Rocha ◽  
Rafael Werlanger Donadel ◽  
Rodrigo Pizzolante Diniz ◽  
...  

ObjectiveTo assess the relationship between states of anger and stroke.MethodsSystematic review of the literature.ResultsIn total, 21 papers were selected for the systematic review of data published on the subject of anger and stroke. A state of anger may be a risk factor for stroke, as well as a consequence of brain lesions affecting specific areas that are caused by a stroke. Scales to assess anger varied among authors. There was no consensus regarding the area of brain lesions that might lead to a state of anger. Although some authors agreed that lesions on the right side led to angrier behaviour, others found that lesions on the left side were more relevant to anger. Likewise, there was no consensus regarding the prevalence of anger pre or post-stroke. Some authors did not even find that these two conditions were related.ConclusionAlthough most authors have accepted that there is a relationship between anger and stroke, studies with uniform methodology need to be conducted if this association is to be properly evaluated and understood.


Neurosurgery ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (CN_suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 236-236
Author(s):  
Soroush Niketeghad ◽  
Abirami Muralidharan ◽  
Uday Patel ◽  
Jessy Dorn ◽  
Robert Greenberg ◽  
...  

Abstract INTRODUCTION Stimulation of human visual cortex is known to elicit visual percepts (phosphenes) which makes it a suitable candidate for generating artificial vision for blind. Although there have been a few attempts to build visual cortical prostheses, a greater understanding of the physiology of stimulation is required to generate useful perceptions. This study aims to characterize the phosphenes elicited by a neurostimulation device and explore the effects of stimulation parameters (amplitude, frequency, pulse-width and burst duration) on the quality of these percepts. METHODS A 30-year-old volunteer with an 8-year history of bare light perception secondary to Voght-Koaynagi-Harada Syndrome participated in this study. Two parallel cortical strip leads (each with four contacts) were implanted over the right medial occipital lobe. Phosphene characteristics were assessed postoperatively using subject's drawings of on a touch screen as well as subjective description of the percepts intensity and color. The stimulus parameters for eliciting a well-defined phosphene were obtained by varying the stimulus parameters for each contact at the beginning of each session during the eight months' period of the study. RESULTS >Stimulation of each of the eight contacts elicited phosphenes with a consistent shape and location in the visual field. The stimulus parameters for generating a well-defined phosphene were stable for six contacts and had to be adjusted for two over the period of the study. Increasing the amplitude and frequency resulted in more intense perceptions and the subject indicated seeing colored phosphenes for certain amplitudes. Simultaneous stimulation of multiple contacts was perceived as a summation of percepts elicited by stimulating the contacts individually. Sequential stimulation of two contacts generated two phosphenes and the subject was able to identify them in order. CONCLUSION Visual cortical prostheses are feasible candidates for creating artificial sight due to reproducibility of the perceptions and consistency of the stimulation parameters required to generate basic visual perceptions.


Neurosurgery ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiya Nakayama ◽  
Akira Tanaka ◽  
Shinya Yoshinaga ◽  
Masamichi Tomonaga ◽  
Fumiaki Maehara ◽  
...  

Abstract We report the cases of two patients, each of whom had two separate angiographically demonstrable intracerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). One patient had an intraventricular hemorrhage with AVMs in the basal ganglia and the insula on the left side, and the other had a pontine hemorrhage with AVMs in the pons and the occipital lobe on the right side. The AVMs in the former patient were removed totally without residual neurological deficit. We discuss the diagnostic problems of multiple intracerebral AVMs and stress the need for thorough neuroradiological evaluation so as not to miss an occult AVM. We also stress the necessity of total excision of all the lesions and point out several problems faced in surgery for AVMs.


2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heng Yang ◽  
Wei Ni ◽  
Hanqiang Jiang ◽  
Yu Lei ◽  
Jiabin Su ◽  
...  

Objectives. To investigate the role of Scriptaid in reducing brain injury after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in mice. Methods. An ICH model was constructed by injecting autologous blood into the right basal ganglia in mice. The animals were administered 3.5 mg/kg of Scriptaid intraperitoneally after ICH. The hematoma volume and hemoglobin level were measured to examine hematoma resolution. A behavior test and brain edema and white matter injury examinations indicated brain injury after ICH. Results. Scriptaid treatment promoted hematoma resolution and reduced the hematoma volume 7 d after ICH compared with the vehicle group (P<0.05). Scriptaid treatment also alleviated the brain water content in the ipsilateral basal ganglia (P<0.05) and cortex (P<0.01) 3 d after ICH. In addition, Scriptaid improved neurological function recovery and alleviated white matter injury 35 d after ICH. Conclusions. Scriptaid can protect against brain injury after ICH and may be considered a new medical therapy method for ICH.


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