scholarly journals Prolonged SARS-CoV-2-RNA Detection from Nasopharyngeal Swabs in an Oncologic Patient: What Impact on Cancer Treatment?

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 847-852
Author(s):  
Anna Ferrari ◽  
Marco Trevenzoli ◽  
Lolita Sasset ◽  
Elisabetta Di Liso ◽  
Toni Tavian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Palliative Radiotherapy ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Cancer Treatments ◽  
Global Challenge ◽  
Viral Culture ◽  
Pcr Assays

The pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 is a serious global challenge affecting millions of people worldwide. Cancer patients are at risk for infection exposure and serious complications. A prompt diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection is crucial for the timely adoption of isolation measures and the appropriate management of cancer treatments. In lung cancer patients the symptoms of infection 19 may resemble those exhibited by the underlying oncologic condition, possibly leading to diagnostic overlap and delays. Moreover, cancer patients might display a prolonged positivity of nasopharyngeal RT-PCR assays for SARS-CoV-2, causing long interruptions or delay of cancer treatments. However, the association between the positivity of RT-PCR assays and the patient’s infectivity remains uncertain. We describe the case of a patient with non-small cell lung cancer, and a severe ab extrinseco compression of the trachea, whose palliative radiotherapy was delayed because of the prolonged positivity of nasopharyngeal swabs for SARS-CoV-2. The patient did not show clinical symptoms suggestive of active infection, but the persistent positivity of RT-PCR assays imposed the continuation of isolation measures and the delay of radiotherapy for over two months. Finally, the negative result of SARS-CoV-2 viral culture allowed us to verify the absence of viral activity and to rule out the infectivity of the patient, who could finally continue her cancer treatment.

scholarly journals Trophoblast Cell-surface Antigen 2 Expression in Advanced Lung Cancer Patients and the Effects of Anti-cancer Treatments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shota Omori ◽  
Koji Muramatsu ◽  
Takuya Kawata ◽  
Eriko Miyawaki ◽  
Taichi Miyawaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Trophoblast Cell ◽  
Advanced Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Treatments ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Background: Trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 (TROP2) is expressed on the surface of trophoblast cells and many malignant tumor cells. However, data on TROP2 expression in advanced lung cancer is insufficient, and its changes have not been fully evaluated. Methods: We assessed the prevalence and changes in TROP2 expression in lung cancer patients receiving anti-cancer treatments using immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis with an anti-TROP2 (clone: SP295). IHC scores were graded from 0–3; grade ≥2 was considered positive for TROP2 expression. We defined a difference in IHC score, before and after anti-cancer treatments, as the change in TROP2 expression.Results: Before anti-cancer treatment, TROP2 expression was observed in 89% (143/160) of patients and was significantly more common in adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma than in neuroendocrine carcinoma (P < 0.001). After anti-cancer treatment, TROP2 expression was observed in 87% (139/160) of patients. The distribution of TROP2 expression in post-treatment samples was analogous to that in pre-treatment samples when compared using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test (P = 0.509). However, an increase in TROP2 expression was seen in 19 (12%), and a decrease in 20 (13%) patients. Patients treated with targeted therapy showed significantly higher changes in TROP2 expression (P = 0.019) and thoracic radiotherapy was more likely to increase TROP2 expression than chemotherapy alone.Conclusion: TROP2 was expressed in most lung cancer specimens before and after anti-cancer treatments. Additionally, some anti-cancer treatments might alter the TROP2 expression. These results may provide a strong rationale for TROP2-directed therapy against advanced lung cancer.

Impact of Checkpoint Inhibitor Immunotherapy, Primarily Pembrolizumab, on Infection Risk in Patients With Advanced Lung Cancer: A Comparative Retrospective Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre E Malek ◽  
Melissa Khalil ◽  
Ray Hachem ◽  
Anne Marie Chaftari ◽  
Johny Fares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitor ◽  
Advanced Lung Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Background Checkpoint inhibitor (CPI) immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment. However, immune-related adverse events and the risk of infections are not well studied. To assess the infectious risk of CPIs, we evaluated the incidence of infections in lung cancer patients treated with CPIs plus conventional chemotherapy (CC) vs CC alone. Methods We performed a retrospective comparative study of patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer who received CPIs combined with CC and those treated with CC alone at our institution during January 2016 to February 2019. We compared clinical characteristics, treatments, and outcomes including infection rate and mortality between the groups. Results We identified 123 patients for the CPI group and 147 patients for the control (CC) group. Eighteen patients (15%) in the CPI group and 33 patients (22%) in the control group developed infections (P = .1). Pneumonia was the most common infection encountered in both groups. Urinary tract infection was higher in the CC group (40%) than in the CPI group (9%) (P = .01). On multivariable analysis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (P = .024), prior use of corticosteroids (P = .021), and neutropenia (P &lt; .001) were independent risk factors for infection and severe infection requiring hospital admission. Chronic kidney disease (P = .02), prior cancer treatment (P = .023), and neutropenia (P &lt; .0001) were identified as independent risk factors for all-cause mortality. Conclusions Lung cancer patients treated with CPIs combined with CC have a comparable risk of infection to those treated with CC alone, although there is a trend towards fewer infections in those given CPIs, particularly when it comes to urinary tract infections.

scholarly journals Impact of Treatments on the Family of Breast, Prostate, Colon and Lung Cancer Patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Philippe Groux ◽  
Sandro Anchisi ◽  
Thomas Szucs
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Private Practice ◽  
Cancer Type ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Cancer Treatments ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
The Family

Objective: Many patients describe travel to cancer treatment as inconvenient and a practical hardship and it may be perceived or experienced as a barrier to treatment. We investigated which impact cancer treatments has on the family of the patients, especially for the most frequent cancer type prostate, breast, colon and lung cancer.The aim was to identify groups of patients with an increased burden for the family.Method: All patients coming in February 2012 for chemotherapy to one of the four centres of the hospital or to the unique private practice were asked to answer a survey. The questionnaire covered items as gender, date of birth, living place, kind of cancer, kind of treatment and questions covering different aspects of the travel: how the patient travelled to the centre, how long the travel lasted, which kind of support was necessary to travel and who provided this support, whether the accompanying person had to absent herself from her workplace, whether the patient lives alone or not and how many journeys to health care providers the patients had in the last month were included in the analysisResults: 298 patients answered to all required questions (73%). 186 came accompanied, a vast majority by a member of the family and one out of four of the accompanying person had to leave the workplace. Help at home is almost exclusively provided by family members. Patients have several journeys to health care providers per month.Conclusions: The type of cancer has an impact on the support needed and must added to the previously published factors as age, gender and distance. The journey to the cancer treatment is not the unique journey to health care providers the patients have and increase the burden for the patient and the family.

Neighborhood disparities in timeliness of treatment for early stage lung cancer patients.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e19017-e19017
Author(s):  
Chelsea A Obrochta ◽  
Joseph Gibbons ◽  
Atsushi Nara ◽  
James Don Murphy ◽  
Caroline A. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Adjuvant Treatment ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Early Stage Lung Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Neighborhood Segregation ◽  
Stage Lung Cancer

e19017 Background: Lung cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States, accounting for approximately 25% of all cancer deaths. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) provides evidence-based cancer treatment recommendations. Evidence suggests that a patient’s receipt of guideline-concordant treatment (GCT) increases survival, especially for screen-detected, earlier stage cancers. Neighborhoods are key determinants of health and the neighborhood social and built environments can influence cancer treatment and outcomes. Minority segregated neighborhoods often have limited health resource availability. The objective of this study is to estimate the relationship between neighborhood segregation on racial and ethnic disparities in timely receipt of GCT in early-stage lung cancer patients in California. Methods: We studied 22,903 patients diagnosed with stage I/II non-small cell lung cancer (2006-2015) in the California Cancer Registry. The primary outcome of the study is receipt of GCT according to the 2016 NCCN guidelines defined as the administration of proper initial and adjuvant treatment(s) according to cancer site and stage, and measured using surgery type, chemotherapy type, and radiation type. The secondary outcome was timely receipt of care as defined as the initiation of surgery, radiation, or chemotherapy within 45 days of diagnosis for initial treatment and the initiation of chemotherapy +/- radiation within 6 months of initial surgery for N1 patients for adjuvant treatment. Multivariable hierarchical logistic regression will be used to estimate the effect of neighborhood segregation on timely receipt of GCT, adjusting for individual- and neighborhood-level covariates, and stratified by patient race/ethnicity. Results: Overall, 81.39% of patients received GCT; 57.63% of them within 45 days of diagnosis. Under-treatment and treatment delay were more frequent in patients who were black or Hispanic, had public insurance, and were of lower socioeconomic status. We hypothesize that increased neighborhood segregation will decrease a patient’s likelihood of adherence to GCT and timely GCT. Conclusions: This research is vital to improving our understanding of cancer-related health disparities and promoting health in vulnerable neighborhoods. With rising numbers of early stage lung cancers due to screening smokers, administration of timely proper treatment is critical.

scholarly journals COVID-19-Related Symptoms Among Cancer Patients and Healthcare Workers— First Results From the PAPESCO-19 Prospective Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Zhou ◽  
Audrey Blanc-Lapierre ◽  
Valérie Seegers ◽  
Michèle Boisdron-Celle ◽  
Frédéric Bigot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Cancer Treatments ◽  
Multicenter Cohort Study ◽  
Symptom Pattern ◽  
C Statistic ◽  
First Results ◽  
After Cancer

Background: Cancer patients may fail to distinguish COVID-19 symptoms such as anosmia, dysgeusia/ageusia, anorexia, headache, and fatigue, which are frequent after cancer treatments. We aimed to identify symptoms associated with COVID-19 and to assess the strength of their association in cancer and cancer-free populations. Methods: The prospective multicenter cohort study PAPESCO-19 included 878 cancer patients and 940 healthcare workers (HCWs) systematically tested for SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies. Participants reported the results of routine screening RT-PCR and thirteen COVID-19 symptoms. Backward logistic regression identified the symptom combinations significantly associated with COVID-19. Results: COVID+ proportions were similar in patients (8%) and HCWs (9.5%, p=0.26), whereas symptomatic proportions were lower in patients (32%) than HCWs (52%, p&amp;lt;0.001). Anosmia, anorexia, fever, headache, and rhinorrhea together accurately discriminated (c-statistic=0.7027) COVID-19 cases in patients. Anosmia, dysgeusia/ageusia, muscle pain, intense fatigue, headache, and chest pain better discriminated (c-statistic=0.8830) COVID-19 cases in HCWs. Anosmia had the strongest association in patients (OR=7.48, 95% CI: 2.96&ndash;18.89) and HCWs (OR=5.71, 95% CI: 2.21&ndash;14.75). Conclusions: COVID-19 symptoms and their diagnostic performance differ in cancer patients and HCWs. Anosmia is associated with COVID-19 for patients, while dysgeusia/ageusia are not. Cancer patients deserve tailored preventive measures due to their particular COVID-19 symptom pattern.

scholarly journals Detection of ALK fusion transcripts in plasma of non-small cell lung cancer patients using a novel RT-PCR based assay

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 922-922
Author(s):  
Simon Heeke ◽  
◽  
Jonathan Benzaquen ◽  
Audrey Vallee ◽  
Maryline Allegra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Fusion Transcripts

scholarly journals A false alarm of COVID-19 pneumonia in lung cancer: a case report of anti-PD-1 related pneumonitis and literature review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Dai ◽  
Ying Dai ◽  
Sha Liu ◽  
Sha Liu ◽  
Zhiyan Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Radiographic Feature ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Lung Lobe ◽  
History Of ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract Background: The fatal toxicity of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 agents is pneumonitis. The diagnosis consists of the history of immunotherapy, clinical symptoms and presentation of computed tomography (CT) imaging. The typical CT findings include ground-glass opacities. Based on the similar radiographic feature with 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia, clinicians are cautious to evaluate diagnosis especially in COVID-19 epidemic areas. Case presentation: Herein we report a 67-year-old male patient with advanced non-small cell lung cancer developed pneumonitis post Sintilimab injection. The dyspnea appeared at the 15th day of close contact with his son who returned from Wuhan, but not accompanied with fever. The chest CT indicated peripherally subpleural lattice opacities at the inferior right lung lobe and bilateral thoracic infusion. The real-time reverse-transcription polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) from double swab samples within 72 hours remained negative. The patient was thereafter treated with prednisolone and antibiotics for over two weeks. Thereafter the chest CT demonstrated the former lesion almost absorbed, in line with prominently falling CRP level. The anti-PD-1 related pneumonitis with bacterial infection was diagnosed finally based on the clinical evidence and good response to the prednisolone and antibiotics. Conclusion: Both ani-PD-1 related pneumonitis and COVID-19 pneumonia harbor the common clinical symptom and the varied features of CT imaging. Differential diagnosis was based on the epidemiological and immunotherapy histories, RT-PCR tests. The response to glucocorticoid can indirectly help the diagnosis.

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