scholarly journals Three New Diatom Species from Spring Habitats in the Northern Apennines (Emilia-Romagna, Italy)

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 549
Author(s):  
Marco Cantonati ◽  
Olena Bilous ◽  
Nicola Angeli ◽  
Liesbeth van Wensen ◽  
Horst Lange-Bertalot
Keyword(s):  
Human Impacts ◽  
Hard Water ◽  
Northern Apennines ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Diatom Species ◽  
Wetland Type ◽  
Species Complexes ◽  
The Face ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Typical Habitat

Using light (LM, including plastid characterization on fresh material) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), as well as a thorough morphological, physical, chemical, and biological characterization of the habitats, the present study aims at describing three species new to science. They belong to the genera Eunotia Ehrenb., Planothidium Round and L. Bukht., and Delicatophycus M.J. Wynne, and were found in two contrasting spring types in the northern Apennines. The three new species described differ morphologically from the most similar species by: less dense striae and areolae, and the absence of a ridge at the valve face-mantle transition (SEM feature) [Eunotia crassiminor Lange-Bert. et Cantonati sp. nov.; closest established species: Eunotia minor (Kütz.) Grunow]; narrower and shorter cells [Planothidium angustilanceolatum Lange-Bert. et Cantonati sp. nov.; most similar species: Planothidium lanceolatum (Bréb. ex Kütz.) Lange-Bert.]; barely-dorsiventral symmetry, set off ends, and lower density of the central dorsal striae [Delicatophycus crassiminutus Lange-Bert. et Cantonati sp. nov.; most similar species: Delicatophycus minutus M.J.Wynne]. Two of the three species we described are separated from the closest species by dimensions. Their description improved knowledge on two taxa (Eunotia minor s.l. and Planothidium lanceolatum s.l.) likely to be only partially resolved species complexes. We could also refine knowledge on the ecological profiles of the three newly-described species. Eunotia crassiminor sp. nov., as compared to Eunotia minor, appears to occur in colder inland waters with a circumneutral pH and a strict oligotrophy as well with respect to nitrogen. The typical habitat of Planothidium angustilanceolatum sp. nov. appears to be oligotrophic mountain flowing springs with low conductivity. Delicatophycus crassiminutus sp. nov. was observed only in limestone-precipitating springs, and is therefore likely to be restricted to hard water springs and comparable habitats where CO2 degassing leads to carbonate precipitation. Springs are a unique but severely threatened wetland type. Therefore, the in-depth knowledge of the taxonomy and ecology of characteristic diatom species is important, because diatoms are excellent indicators of the quality and integrity of these peculiar ecosystems in the face of direct and indirect human impacts.

Pengoptimalan Air Leri dalam Pembuatan Sabun Pembersih Wajah Alami yang Ekonomis

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahmawati Rahmawati ◽  
Trimayasari Trimayasari ◽  
Ghozali Akhmad Mustaqim ◽  
Wening Dwi Prastiwi ◽  
Emas Agus Prastyo Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Hard Water ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Ultraviolet Rays ◽  
Starch Granules ◽  
Facial Skin ◽  
Skin Cells ◽  
The Face ◽  
Made In

AbstractSoap facial cleanser is needed to keep the facial skin to keep them clean and healthy. The purpose of this study to make soap cleanser with natural materials such as hard water deposits leri. This is because the use of leri water starch or starch granules of fine particles contained in water leri dansel dust can shed the dead skin on the face because of the essential amino acids contained can regenerate skin cells. In addition, water leri can brighten the face because the leri water oryzanol contain substances that can update the development and formation of the pigment melanin, which is effectively to ward off ultraviolet rays. The process of making soap using the principle of saponification reaction, namely the reaction between the oil and the KOH/NaOH. Facial cleansing soap made in this study is solid soap. Based on the results of quality test, soap solid leri water has a pH of 11.1, saponification number is 33, the water content of 46% as well as respondents to the test aspects of aroma and foam shows good results so this water leri treatment can be an alternative solution to prevent the use of soap facial cleansers that contain harmful chemicals. Keywords: air leri, soap cleanser, saponification  AbstrakSabun pembersih wajah sangat diperlukan untuk menjaga kulit wajah agar tetap bersih dan sehat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk membuat sabun pembersih wajah dengan bahan alami berupa endapan air leri. Penggunaan air leri ini dikarenakan butiran partikel starch atau pati halus yang terdapat dalam air leri dapat merontokkan debu dansel kulit mati pada wajah karena asam amino esensial yang terkandung dapat meregenerasi sel-sel kulit. Selain itu, air leri dapat mencerahkan wajah karena air leri mengandung zat oryzanol yang dapat memperbarui perkembangan dan pembentukan pigmen melanin, yang efektif guna menangkal sinar ultraviolet. Proses pembuatan sabun menggunakan prinsip reaksi saponifikasi, yaitu reaksi antara minyak dan KOH/NaOH. Sabun pembersih wajah yang dibuat dalam penelitian ini ialah sabun padat. Berdasarkan hasil uji mutu, sabun air leri padat memiliki pH 11,1, angka penyabunan sebesar 33 kadar air 46 kadar air 46 % serta uji responden terhadap aspek aroma dan busa yang menunjukkan hasil cukup baik sehingga pengolahan air leri ini dapat menjadi solusi alternative untuk mencegah penggunaan sabun pembersih wajah yang mengandung bahan kimia berbahaya. Kata kunci: air leri, sabun pembersih wajah, saponifikasi 

Three new species of the genus Barsine Walker (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae) from Taiwan

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5032 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-422
Author(s):  
ANTON V. VOLYNKIN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Female Genitalia ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Three New Species

Three new species of the genus Barsine Walker, 1854 are described from the island of Taiwan: B. geometroides sp. n., B. wui sp. n. and B. witti sp. n. The diagnostic comparison is made with B. ponlai Wu, Fu & Chang, 2013, B. mactans Butler, 1877 and B. callorufa Wu, Fu & Chang, 2013. Adults together with the male and the female genitalia of the new and the similar species are illustrated.  

Three new species of semi-aquatic freshwater earthworms of the genus Glyphidrilus Horst, 1889 from Malaysia (Clitellata: Oligochaeta: Almidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3458 (1) ◽  
pp. 120 ◽  
Author(s):  
RATMANEE CHANABUN ◽  
CHIRASAK SUTCHARIT ◽  
PIYOROS TONGKERD ◽  
SHAU-HWAI AILEEN TAN ◽  
SOMSAK PANHA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Three New Species

Three new species of semi-aquatic freshwater earthworms of the genus Glyphidrilus Horst, 1889 are described from Malaysia.Glyphidrilus bisegmentus sp. n. was collected from Air Banun Pandig, Perak, Glyphidrilus kotatinggi sp. n. from Kota Tinggiwaterfall, Johor, and Glyphidrilus peninsularis sp. n. from Sungei Bantang, Johor. For comparison, type and non-type materialof five morphologically similar species was reinvestigated. The descriptions of the new species include illustrations of the external and internal morphological characteristics.

Taxonomic revision of the genus Eulimella (Gastropoda, Pyramidellidae) from Brazil, with description of three new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 3063 (1) ◽  
pp. 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALEXANDRE DIAS PIMENTA ◽  
FRANKLIN NOEL DOS SANTOS ◽  
RICARDO SILVA ABSALÃO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Shell Morphology ◽  
Biological Information ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
South American Species ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Three New Species

A taxonomic revision of the pyramidellid genus Eulimella from Brazil was performed based on shell morphology. The holotype of Eulimella rudis Watson, 1886 is illustrated and compared to shells from the southeast Brazilian coast, this being the first confirmed record of this species after its original description. Eulimella smithii (Verrill, 1880), previously known from northern localities in the western Atlantic, is recorded from the southwestern Atlantic, along virtually the entire Brazilian coast; it is herein considered a distinct taxon from Eulimella unifasciata (Forbes, 1844), a very similar species from the eastern Atlantic, given the lack of data on development to consider an amphi-Atlantic distribution. Three new species are described: Eulimella torquata sp. nov., diagnosed by a constriction in the middle of each teleoconch whorl caused by a strong spiral furrow, producing a bilobed whorl profile; Eulimella cylindrata sp. nov., diagnosed by a large subcylindrical teleoconch; and Eulimella ejuncida sp. nov., characterized by its very slender shell, and small protoconch with only one whorl and with an “arc” shaped suture. The shells herein identified as Eulimella cf. calva from Brazil are conchologically identical to Eulimella calva Schander, 1994, from West Africa, but their taxonomic status should remain dubious because of lack of biological information to evaluate a possible amphi-Atlantic distribution pattern. All the species studied (except Eulimella ejuncida sp. nov.) have characteristic short microscopic axial threads organized in a spiral belt, varying in position and expression among species, but usually located in the middle of each teleoconch whorl or below the suture; this characteristic is also present in some species from the eastern Atlantic. Three South American species, originally or subsequently allocated in Eulimella, are herein considered as not belonging to this genus: Eulimella argentina Doello-Jurado, 1938; Eulimella bahiensis Castellanos, 1982; and Eulimella xenohyes (Melvill & Standen, 1912). The holotype of Eulimella lissa is illustrated with SEM micrographs.

Two new species of Nitzschia (Bacillariaceae, Bacillariophyta) from tropical reservoirs of southeastern Brazil

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 399 (1) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
ELTON A. LEHMKUHL ◽  
EDUARDO A. MORALES ◽  
PRISCILA I. TREMARIN ◽  
ELAINE C. R. BARTOZEK ◽  
STÉFANO ZORZAL-ALMEIDA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
New Species ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
The State ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Diatom Species ◽  
Tropical Reservoirs ◽  
Two New Species

In the present study, two new species of Nitzschia Hassall, Nitzschia pusilluhasta sp. nov. and Nitzschia australodesertorum sp. nov. are described from reservoirs in the state of São Paulo southeast Brazil. The morphology of the new species was analysed using light and electron microscopy. Nitzschia pusilluhasta is distinguished from morphologically related species by its valve outline, the shape of apices and fibulae, the absence of a gap between central fibulae, and the density of striae and areolae. Nitzschia australodesertorum differs from morphologically similar species in its valve outline, the shape of apices and fibulae, the presence of a gap between the central fibulae, and the density of fibulae and striae. The morphology and ecology of the new species are discussed and compared with morphologically related taxa. Information on the co-occurrence of other diatom species in the samples is also provided.

Remarks on Doryphoribius flavus (Iharos, 1966), and description of three new species (Tardigrada, Hypsibiidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2834 (1) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
OSCAR LISI
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Species ◽  
Buccal Cavity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Pharyngeal Bulb ◽  
Medial Margin ◽  
Cuticular Ornamentation ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Shape And Size

The author examined paratypes of Doryphoribius flavus (Iharos, 1966) (formerly Hypsibius (Isohypsibius) flavus Iharos, 1966), and the holotype and paratypes of D. citrinus (Maucci, 1972) (which is considered a junior synonym of D. flavus), furnishing new details, both qualitative and metric, to the description of the species, and providing a discussion on the synonymy. Specimens, previously attributed to these species, from Amazonia, South Africa, and Bali, were also examined and proved to belong to three species new to science: Doryphoribius amazzonicus sp. nov., Doryphoribius bindae sp. nov., and Doryphoribius solidunguis sp. nov. Doryphoribius amazzonicus sp. nov. has a reticular cuticular ornamentation with ridges forming a tubercle at each crossing; legs lacking cuticular ornamentation; buccal tube slightly longer than in D. flavus with respect to the body length, stylet supports inserted on the buccal tube in a slightly more caudal position; peribuccal papulae present; teeth and ridges appear to be absent in the buccal cavity; pharyngeal bulb with apophyses and two macroplacoids; claws slightly shorter and stouter than in D. flavus. Accessory points and smooth lunules present. No other cuticular thickening present on the legs. Doryphoribius bindae sp. nov. has a delicate reticular cuticular ornamentation formed by narrow ridges with a tiny tubercle at each crossing; a fine reticular design present on the legs; peribuccal papulae present, buccal armature with only one dorsal tooth near the medial margin of each stylet sheath. Pharyngeal bulb with apophyses and two macroplacoids. Accessory points and small lunules present. No other cuticular thickening present on the legs. Doryphoribius solidunguis sp. nov. has a very obvious reticular cuticular ornamentation with an irregular shape and size mesh (usually large) delimited by thick, sometimes protruding ridges that may form tubercles at crossings; cuticle of the legs smooth; peribuccal papulae present and two pairs of dorsal teeth lying along the anterior margins of the stylets sheaths. Pharyngeal bulb with apophyses and two macroplacoids. The claws are large and stout with very small accessory points; lunules present, those of the inner claws more evident than in similar species; a cuticular bar is present on the first three pairs of legs. Doryphoribius flavus was considered widespread, but this work exposing cryptic species indicates that the geographic distribution is more restricted.

Revision of the genus Setosella (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata) with description of new species from deep-waters and submarine caves of the Mediterranean Sea

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4728 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. ROSSO ◽  
E. DI MARTINO ◽  
V. GEROVASILEIOU
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Deep Waters ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy Examination ◽  
Species Complexes ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Submarine Caves ◽  
Microscopy Examination

The genus Setosella included to date six species. After revision, only four of these species were retained, i.e. S. vulnerata, S. cavernicola, S. folini and S. spiralis. The remaining two species were tentatively placed in Woodipora, W.? antilleana n. comb., and Andreella,  A.? fragilis n. comb. On the other hand, scanning electron microscopy examination of Mediterranean material, revealed the presence of three new species previously included in species complexes: S. cyclopensis n. sp. from the open-shelf, S. rossanae n. sp. from submarine caves, and S. alfioi n. sp. from deep-waters. The diagnosis of the genus was amended to include the occurrence of kenozooids in S. cyclopensis n. sp. and S. cavernicola, and of free-living ring-shaped and scorpioid colonies in S. folini and S. alfioi n. sp. All the seven species n           1ow in Setosella have present-day representatives; the geographic distribution of the genus 1sinian of southern Italy and insular Greece, with only three species occasionally and discontinuously reported. All species are able to produce numerous, subsequent intramural buds and morphological differences seem to be consistently associated with exploitation of particular habitats and substrata. 

Three new micro-endemic species of Paepalanthus (Paepalanthoideae, Eriocaulaceae) from Serra do Ambrósio, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 247 (2) ◽  
pp. 118 ◽  
Author(s):  
FABIANE NEPOMUCENO COSTA ◽  
CAROLINE OLIVEIRA ANDRINO ◽  
MARCELO TROVÓ ◽  
LIVIA ECHTERNACHT ◽  
PAULO TAKEO SANO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Habitat Distribution ◽  
Espinhaço Range ◽  
Three New Species

We describe and illustrate three new species of Paepalanthus (Eriocaulaceae: Paepalanthoideae) from the Espinhaço Range: P. argyrotrychus, P. farinaceus and P. velutiphyllus, all endemic to Serra do Ambrósio, a mountain disjunct from the Espinhaço Range in the municipality of Rio Vermelho, Minas Gerais, Brazil. These species belong to Paepalanthus ser. Paepalanthus (=Paepalanthus [unranked] Variabiles). We provide detailed descriptions and illustrations for each taxon, as well as comments on habitat, distribution, morphology, conservation and their affinities to the most morphologically similar species.

Three new earthworm species of the tokioensis-group in the genus Amynthas (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) from Guangxi Province, China

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4496 (1) ◽  
pp. 269 ◽  
Author(s):  
JI-BAO JIANG ◽  
YAN DONG ◽  
ZHU YUAN ◽  
JIANG-PING QIU
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Guangxi Province ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
Earthworm Species ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
16S Sequence

Three new species of the genus Amynthas are described from Guangxi Province, China. They are named A. dissimilis sp. nov., A. anteporus sp. nov. and A. marsupiformis sp. nov. All of them have two pairs of spermathecal pores in 6/7–7/8, and belong to the tokioensis-group. Their morphological characteristics are compared to similar species in tokioensis-group from China and other Asian countries. In addition, the mitochondrial COI and 12S-tRNA-Val-16S sequence of three new species were determined, then pairwise distances between species were calculated. Both morphological and molecular evidences could easily distinguish the new species from earthworms previously reported in the tokioensis-group. 

On Luticola Mann (Bacillariophyceae) in southeastern Brazil: taxonomy, ecology and description of two new species

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 402 (4) ◽  
pp. 165 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANGELA MARIA DA SILVA-LEHMKUHL ◽  
THELMA ALVIM VEIGA LUDWIG ◽  
PRISCILA IZABEL TREMARIN ◽  
DENISE DE CAMPOS BICUDO
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
New Species ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Diatom Species ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
New Information ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
First Time ◽  
Scanning Electron

In the present study, we analyzed the taxonomy and ecology of fourteen species of Luticola registered in oligo- to hypereutrophic reservoirs of southeastern Brazil. Two new species were described using light and scanning electron microscopy. Luticola bartolomeii sp. nov. and Luticola iporangensis sp. nov. are distinguished from morphologically similar species by a combination of valve outline and dimensions. In addition, L. bartolomeii showed occluded isolated areolae that have a different shape and location, hitherto not observed in other Luticola species. We also compared the morphology of the new species with similar taxa and provided information on their ecological preferences. Luticola panamaensis is first recorded in Brazil, and another eight species are recorded for the first time for the state of São Paulo. This study expanded the distribution of species and added new information to the ecology of Luticola, as well as provided the first SEM images for some already known species. Information on the co-occurrence of other diatom species in the samples is also included.

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