scholarly journals The Application of an Iterative Structure to the Delay-and-Sum and the Delay-Multiply-and-Sum Beamformers in Breast Microwave Imaging

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 411
Author(s):  
Tyson Reimer ◽  
Mario Solis-Nepote ◽  
Stephen Pistorius
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Reconstruction Algorithm ◽  
Microwave Imaging ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Background Clutter ◽  
Iterative Structure

Breast microwave imaging (BMI) is a potential breast cancer screening method. This manuscript presents a novel iterative delay-and-sum (DAS) based reconstruction algorithm for BMI. This iterative-DAS (itDAS) algorithm uses a forward radar model to iteratively update an image estimate. A variation of the itDAS reconstruction algorithm that uses the delay-multiply-and-sum (DMAS) beamformer was also implemented (the itDMAS algorithm). Both algorithms were used to reconstruct images from experimental scans of an array of 3D-printed MRI-based breast phantoms performed with a clinical BMI system. The signal-to-clutter ratio (SCR) and signal-to-mean ratio (SMR) were used to compare the performance of the itDAS and itDMAS methods to the DAS and DMAS beamformers. While no significant difference between the itDAS and itDMAS methods was observed in most images, the itDAS algorithm produced reconstructions that had significantly higher SMR than the non-iterative methods, increasing contrast by as much as 19 dB over DAS and 13 dB over DMAS. The itDAS algorithm also increased the SCR of reconstructions by up to 5 dB over DAS and 4 dB over DMAS, indicating that both high-intensity and background clutter are reduced in images reconstructed by the itDAS algorithm.

scholarly journals Analysis of two groups of young patients with breast cancer

Mastology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Suppl 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matheus de Paula Solino ◽  
Mariana Soares Cardoso ◽  
Marcelo Antonini
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Clinical Staging ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hormonal Receptors ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of

Introduction: Breast cancer is the main type of cancer and the main cause of death by cancer among women worldwide. For Brazil, the National Cancer Institute José Alencar Gomes da Silva (Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva – INCA) estimated that breast cancer would be responsible for 29.5% of new cancer cases and 16.2% of cancer deaths in 2019. The incidence of breast cancer in young women has grown worldwide: in developing countries, 25% of breast cancer cases occur in women under 40 years of age. In young women, breast cancer has more aggressive characteristics and is diagnosed later. Mammography is the best screening method, however, it is only started at 40. Objective: To analyze the clinical, pathological, and treatment characteristics among patients with breast cancer diagnosed up to 40 years old and between 41 and 45 years old. Methods: Observational and cross-sectional study, which evaluated patients diagnosed with breast cancer until the age of 45 and who underwent surgical treatment at the Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual between October, 2013 and October, 2017. Data were collected from medical records and patients were divided into two groups: Group 01, up to 40 years old and Group 02, from 41 to 45 years old. Variables were collected regarding age at diagnosis, menarche, number of deliveries, body mass index (BMI), comorbidities, family history of breast cancer, initial clinical staging, type of biopsy, type of histological biopsy result, type of treatment, and surgical results. The variables were analyzed statistically. Results: Fifty patients aged between 29 and 45 years old were evaluated. There was no statistically significant difference in clinical characteristics. Group 02 presented more tumors with hormonal receptors, more cases of axillary emptying after compromised sentinel lymph node, and lower rates of radiotherapy. Conclusion: Young patients aged 41-45 years old present more tumors with hormonal receptors, greater involvement of microscopically locoregional lymph nodes, and less treatment with radiotherapy than young patients under 40 years of age.

Clinical Examination as a Screening Method for Breast Cancer

1982 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg McLatchie ◽  
Colin McArdle ◽  
Thomas Menzies
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Breast Disease ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Economical Method ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Screening Clinic

A five-year experience of a breast cancer screening clinic in a Scottish urban area is reported. During this period 28 per cent of the female population aged 25 to 70 years was screened by clinical examination alone. The pick-up rate for cancers was 7.8 per 1,000 ‘well’ women examined, and 21 per cent of all patients with cancer were under 40 years old. Clinical examination is an effective and economical method of screening for breast cancer. The establishment of similar clinics to detect breast disease in women of all age groups is recommended.

The effect of women’s breast cancer fear and social support perceptions on the process of participating in screening

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 52-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aygul Kissal ◽  
Birgül Vural ◽  
Fatma Ersin ◽  
Tuğba Solmaz
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Breast Cancer Screening ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Screening Process ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cancer Fear

Introduction: Social support and fear have been shown to be important factors affecting women’s participation in breast cancer screening. This study aimed to determine the effect of women’s perceived breast cancer fear and social support on participating in the breast cancer screening process, and to investigate the relationship between the perception of breast cancer fear and social support. Methods: This is a descriptive study, carried out in a state hospital on 198 women. The data were collected through a Socio-Demographic Data Form, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), and Breast Cancer Fear Scale (BCFS) by the researchers by means of face-to-face interview. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the women’s perceptions of social support and breast cancer fear and screening behaviors ( p > 0.05). It was found that the mean BCFS score of those who had a family history of breast cancer was high, and the MSPSS score was lower ( p < 0.05). There was a quite weak and statistically insignificant positive relationship between the women’s BCFS scores and perceived social support ( r = 0.08, p > 0.05), friend support ( r = 0.04, p > 0.05) and support from a special person ( r = 0.14, p > 0.05). Conclusion: We found no statistically significant difference between breast cancer fear, social support and the women’s screening behavior. However, breast cancer fear and the effect of social support on screening attitude may be important. Nurses and other health workers should particularly focus on social support and breast cancer fear in their health education programs. Formative research into the use of social support to promote positive empowering messages should be carried out and incorporated in future health promotion campaigns to improve the breast cancer screening process.

scholarly journals Evaluation of an Intervention Program for Promoting Breast Self-Examination Behavior in Employed Women in Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 117822342198965
Author(s):  
Saeed Bashirian ◽  
Majid Barati ◽  
Younes Mohammadi ◽  
Leila MoaddabShoar ◽  
Mitra Dogonchi
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Breast Cancer Screening ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
P Value ◽  
Learning Program ◽  
Screening Behavior ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Employed Women ◽  
E Learning

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in the world. Screening is the basis for early detection. However, the mortality rate is still high in Iranian women related to not screening and timely check-ups. We offered a theory-based intervention program to improve breast cancer screening behavior in women. Methods: This interventional study was conducted in 135 employed women in 2019. Their screening behavior was investigated using a questionnaire based on the Protection Motivation and Social Support Theories. We compared the efficacy of 2 educational interventions (a workshop and an E-learning program) between 2 intervention groups and a control group. The results were collected 3 months after the interventions had taken place. Data were analyzed in SPSS 23 using descriptive statistics, chi-square, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the paired sample t-test. Results: We found a significant difference between the mean score of knowledge and the theoretical constructs ( P value < .001) before and after the interventions. Our results also showed that both the intervention methods had a similar effect and that there was a significant difference in the performance of breast self-examinations between the intervention and control groups after the intervention ( P value < .001). Conclusion: Given the cost-effectiveness and feasibility of implementing an E-learning program, we would recommend that health care planners assist in designing and implementing this effective form of intervention to encourage many more women to perform self-examinations to aid breast cancer screening.

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