scholarly journals Characteristic Features of Infrared Thermographic Imaging in Primary Raynaud’s Phenomenon

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 558
Author(s):  
Lotte Lindberg ◽  
Bent Kristensen ◽  
Jane F. Thomsen ◽  
Ebbe Eldrup ◽  
Lars T. Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Raynaud’S Phenomenon ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Raynaud's Phenomenon ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Local Cooling ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Verification Method ◽  
Thermographic Imaging ◽  
Characteristic Features

Raynaud’s phenomenon (RP) is characterized by the episodic whitening of the fingers upon exposure to cold. Verification of the condition is crucial in vibration-exposed patients. The current verification method is outdated, but thermographic imaging seems promising as a diagnostic replacement. By investigating patients diagnosed with RP, the study aimed at developing a simple thermographic procedure that could be applied to future patients where verification of the diagnosis is needed. Twenty-two patients with primary RP and 58 healthy controls were examined using thermographic imaging after local cooling of the hands for 1 min in water of 10°C. A logistic regression model was fitted with the temperature curve characteristics to convey a predicted probability of having RP. The characteristics time to end temperature and baseline temperature were the most appropriate predictors of RP among those examined (p = 0.004 and p = 0.04, respectively). The area under the curve was 0.91. The cut-off level 0.46 yielded a sensitivity and specificity of 82% and 86%, respectively. The positive and negative predictive values were 69% and 93%, respectively. This newly developed thermographic method was able to distinguish between patients with RP and healthy controls and was easy to operate. Thus, the method showed great promise as a method for verification of RP in future patients. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03094910.

scholarly journals Infrared Thermography as a Method of Verification in Raynaud’s Phenomenon

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 981
Author(s):  
Lotte Lindberg ◽  
Bent Kristensen ◽  
Ebbe Eldrup ◽  
Jane Frølund Thomsen ◽  
Lars Thorbjørn Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Raynaud’S Phenomenon ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Raynaud's Phenomenon ◽  
Local Cooling ◽  
Thermographic Imaging ◽  
Alternative Algorithm ◽  
Finger Systolic Pressure

Raynaud’s phenomenon (RP) is characterized by the episodic whitening of the fingers upon exposure to cold. A recently described thermographic algorithm was proposed as a diagnostic replacement of the currently applied finger systolic pressure (FSP) test. The aim of the study was to evaluate the performance of the thermographic algorithm when applied in patients suspected of having RP. Forty-three patients were examined using thermographic imaging after local cooling of the hands in water of 10 °C for 1 min. The thermographic algorithm was applied to predict the probability of RP. The performance of the algorithm was evaluated with different cut-off levels. A new algorithm was proposed based on patients from the target population. The performance of the tested algorithm was noninferior to the FSP test, when a cut-off level of 0.05 was applied, yielding a sensitivity and specificity of 69% and 58%, respectively. The accuracy was 66%. The FSP test had a sensitivity and specificity of 77% and 37%, respectively, and the accuracy was 59%. The thermographic method proved useful for detecting RP and was able to replace the FSP test as a diagnostic test. The alternative algorithm revealed that other thermographic variables were more predictive of the target population, but this should be verified in future patients.

Impaired transient vasodilation and increased vasoconstriction to digital local cooling in primary Raynaud's phenomenon

2011 ◽  
Vol 301 (2) ◽  
pp. H324-H330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthieu Roustit ◽  
Sophie Blaise ◽  
Claire Millet ◽  
Jean-Luc Cracowski
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Raynaud’S Phenomenon ◽  
Raynaud's Phenomenon ◽  
Topical Anesthesia ◽  
Sensory Nerves ◽  
Local Cooling ◽  
Doppler Flowmetry ◽  
Percentage Decrease ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Gender

Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) is defined as episodic ischemia of the extremities in response to cold. Although the structure of skin capillaries is normal in primary RP, some data suggest impairment of microvascular function. We aimed at testing whether digital skin blood flow was lower in RP than in controls while cooling locally. We further evaluated the contribution of sensory nerves in the response. We recruited 21 patients with primary RP and 20 healthy volunteers matched on age and gender. After a 10-min baseline at 33°C, skin temperature was cooled at 15 or 24°C during 30 min on the forearm and the finger while monitoring perfusion with a custom-design laser Doppler flowmetry probe. Perfusion was also assessed after topical anesthesia. Blood flow was expressed as cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC). Data were subsequently expressed as area above the curve (AAC0–30) of the percentage decrease from baseline CVC (%BL). CVC on the dorsum of the finger was lower in RP patients compared with controls at 15°C (AAC0–30 were 106,237.2 and 69,544.3%BL·s, respectively; P = 0.02) and at 24°C (AAC0–30 were 86,915 and 57,598%BL·s, respectively; P = 0.04) whereas we observed no significant difference on the finger pad and the forearm. Topical anesthesia increased CVC in patients with RP ( P = 0.05), whereas it did not affect reactivity in controls ( P = 0.86). Our study shows exaggerated skin microvascular vasoconstriction to local cooling on the dorsum of the finger in primary RP compared with controls. Part of this abnormal response in primary RP depends on sensitive nerves.

scholarly journals Sildenafil Increases Digital Skin Blood Flow During All Phases of Local Cooling in Primary Raynaud's Phenomenon

2012 ◽  
Vol 91 (5) ◽  
pp. 813-819 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Roustit ◽  
M Hellmann ◽  
C Cracowski ◽  
S Blaise ◽  
J L Cracowski
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Skin Blood Flow ◽  
Raynaud’S Phenomenon ◽  
Raynaud's Phenomenon ◽  
Local Cooling ◽  
Primary Raynaud’S Phenomenon

Pain Intensity, Pressure Pain Hypersensitivity, Central Sensitization, and Pain Catastrophizing Related to Vascular Alterations in Raynaud’s Phenomenon: A Preliminary Case–Control Study

Pain Medicine ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 891-901
Author(s):  
Rosa María Tapia-Haro ◽  
Rafael Guisado-Barrilao ◽  
María del Carmen García-Ríos ◽  
Enrique Raya-Álvarez ◽  
José Manuel Pérez-Mármol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Central Sensitization ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Raynaud’S Phenomenon ◽  
Raynaud's Phenomenon ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Pressure Pain ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Objective To evaluate pain intensity, widespread pressure pain, central sensitization (CS), and catastrophizing between subjects with primary and secondary Raynaud’s phenomenon (RP) and healthy controls and to compare the relationships between vascular impairment and pain perception. Methods A preliminary case–control study was performed with a total sample of 57 participants (37 with RP). Sociodemographic data, clinical/vascular data, and pain variables (pain intensity, pressure pain sensitivity, pain magnitude and threshold, CS, and catastrophizing) were registered. Results were analyzed by analysis of covariance and Pearson correlation. Results Participants with RP had a lower basal temperature (more vasoconstriction) in their hands (P ≤ 0.012), higher pain intensity (P ≤ 0.001), higher electrical pain magnitude (P < 0.001), and lower pressure pain (P ≤ 0.05) and electrical pain (P < 0.001) thresholds in comparison with healthy controls. Secondary RP participants showed a significantly higher level of CS compared with controls and primary RP participants (P = 0.001). Catastrophizing was higher in the primary and secondary RP (P ≤ 0.001) groups than in controls. No correlations were observed between severity of vasoconstriction and pain variables. Conclusions RP participants showed bilateral hypersensitivity to pressure pain. However, the severity of vascular alterations seems not to be related to central pain experiences. Additional mechanisms such as catastrophizing may influence pain in RP; nevertheless, central sensitization only appears to be involved in the secondary form of RP.

scholarly journals “Beet” the cold: beetroot juice supplementation improves peripheral blood flow, endothelial function, and anti-inflammatory status in individuals with Raynaud’s phenomenon

2019 ◽  
Vol 127 (5) ◽  
pp. 1478-1490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony I. Shepherd ◽  
Joseph T. Costello ◽  
Stephen J. Bailey ◽  
Nicolette Bishop ◽  
Alex J. Wadley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Raynaud’S Phenomenon ◽  
Raynaud's Phenomenon ◽  
Beetroot Juice ◽  
Local Cooling ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Raynaud’s phenomenon (RP) is characterized by recurrent transient peripheral vasospasm and lower nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability in the cold. We investigated the effect of nitrate-rich beetroot juice (BJ) supplementation on 1) NO-mediated vasodilation, 2) cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC) and skin temperature (Tsk) following local cooling, and 3) systemic anti-inflammatory status. Following baseline testing, 23 individuals with RP attended four times, in a double-blind, randomized crossover design, following acute and chronic (14 days) BJ and nitrate-depleted beetroot juice (NDBJ) supplementation. Peripheral Tsk and CVC were measured during and after mild hand and foot cooling, and during transdermal delivery of acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside. Markers of anti-inflammatory status were also measured. Plasma nitrite concentration ([nitrite]) was increased in the BJ conditions ( P < 0.001). Compared with the baseline visit, thumb CVC was greater following chronic-BJ (Δ2.0 flux/mmHg, P = 0.02) and chronic-NDBJ (Δ1.45 flux/mmHg, P = 0.01) supplementation; however, no changes in Tsk were observed ( P > 0.05). Plasma [interleukin-10] was greater, pan endothelin and systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) were reduced, and forearm endothelial function was improved, by both BJ and NDBJ supplementation ( P < 0.05). Acute and chronic BJ and NDBJ supplementation improved anti-inflammatory status, endothelial function and blood pressure (BP). CVC following cooling increased post chronic-BJ and chronic-NDBJ supplementation, but no effect on Tsk was observed. The key findings are that beetroot supplementation improves thumb blood flow, improves endothelial function and anti-inflammatory status, and reduces BP in people with Raynaud’s. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This is the first study to examine the effect of dietary nitrate supplementation in individuals with Raynaud’s phenomenon. The principal novel findings from this study were that both beetroot juice and nitrate-depleted beetroot juice 1) increased blood flow in the thumb following a cold challenge; 2) enhanced endothelium-dependent and -independent vasodilation in the forearm; 3) reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and pan-endothelin concentration; and 4) improved inflammatory status in comparison to baseline.

Local Cold Exposure Test with a New Arterial Photoplethysmographic Sensor in Healthy Controls and Patients with Secondary Raynaud's Phenomenon

1999 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Hahn ◽  
Claudia Hahn ◽  
Michael Jünger ◽  
Anke Steins ◽  
Daniel Zuder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Raynaud’S Phenomenon ◽  
Raynaud's Phenomenon ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Exposure Test ◽  
Secondary Raynaud’S Phenomenon

scholarly journals Laser Doppler Perfusion Imaging Is Useful in the Study of Raynaud’s Phenomenon and Improves the Capillaroscopic Diagnosis

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 2257-2263 ◽  
Author(s):  
EDOARDO ROSATO ◽  
FEDERICA BORGHESE ◽  
SIMONETTA PISARRI ◽  
FELICE SALSANO
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Skin Blood Flow ◽  
Perfusion Imaging ◽  
Raynaud’S Phenomenon ◽  
Raynaud's Phenomenon ◽  
Laser Doppler ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Laser Doppler Perfusion Imaging ◽  
Distal Perfusion

Objective.To investigate capillary morphology and skin blood flow of dorsal hands by nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC) and laser Doppler perfusion imaging (LDPI), respectively, in patients with primary Raynaud’s phenomenon (PRP) and systemic sclerosis (SSc) and to compare the results with those obtained in healthy controls.Methods.The study group consisted of 142 patients with SSc, 88 patients with PRP, and 147 healthy controls. NVC was performed in all the groups examined. In patients with SSc the capillaroscopic pattern was classified as early, active, or late group pattern. A baseline skin blood flow determination of the dorsum of the subject’s hands was acquired through a low-energy 670 nm Lisca Laser Doppler Perfusion Imager.Results.In the healthy controls the perfusion distribution pattern was homogeneous, with a proximal-distal perfusion gradient. In patients with PRP, the perfusion distribution pattern was homogeneous, but the proximal-distal perfusion gradient was absent. Finally, in patients with SSc the perfusion distribution pattern was dyshomogeneous and a proximal-distal gradient was absent. The minimum perfusion, mean perfusion, maximum perfusion, and standard deviation, calculated as variation by means of each measurement site, were significantly different in all the groups examinated.Conclusion.NVC represents the best method to analyze microvascular damage in rheumatic diseases. LDPI improves the evaluation of vascular damage in patients with SSc. The LDPI and the capillaroscopic images fully matched the definition of the various stages of vascular digital damage in SSc.

scholarly journals Freezing Fingers Syndrome, Primary and Secondary Raynaud’s Phenomenon: Characteristic Features with Hand Thermography

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 428-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Chlebicka ◽  
Ł Matusiak ◽  
J Maj ◽  
E Baran ◽  
J Szepietowski
Keyword(s):  
Raynaud’S Phenomenon ◽  
Raynaud's Phenomenon ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Secondary Raynaud’S Phenomenon

scholarly journals The Diagnostic Significance of PDGF, EphA7, CCR5, and CCL5 Levels in Colorectal Cancer

Biomolecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Üçüncü ◽  
Serilmez ◽  
Sarı ◽  
Bademler ◽  
Karabulut
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Colorectal Carcinoma ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Diagnostic Significance ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

In this study, we compared the levels of C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5), C-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and EphrinA7 (EphA7) in patients with colorectal carcinoma and healthy controls in order to investigate the significance and usability of these potential biomarkers in early diagnosis of colorectal cancer. The study included 70 colorectal carcinoma patients and 40 healthy individuals. The CCR5, CCL5, PDGF, and EphA7 levels were measured using ELISA in blood samples. PDGF-BB, EphA7, CCR5, and CCL5 levels of the patients with colorectal carcinoma were significantly higher compared to the control group (p < 0.001 for each comparison). Our logistic regression analysis (the area under the curve was 0.958) supports the notion that PDGF-BB, EphA7, and CCL5 are potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of colon cancer. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were found to be 87.9%, 87.5%, 92.1%, and 81.4%, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first study that investigates the relationship between colorectal carcinoma and the four biomarkers CCL5, CCR5, PDGF, and EphA7. The significantly elevated levels of all these parameters in the patient group compared to the healthy controls indicate that they can be used for the early diagnosis of colorectal carcinoma.

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