scholarly journals Electrocution Stigmas in Organ Damage: The Pathological Marks

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 682
Author(s):  
Gelsomina Mansueto ◽  
Mario Di Napoli ◽  
Pasquale Mascolo ◽  
Anna Carfora ◽  
Pierluca Zangani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Pathological Findings ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Morphological Findings ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Autopsy Series ◽  
Golden Standard ◽  
Wide Variability

Background: Diagnostic criteria for electrocution related death are still a challenge in forensic pathology and it seems that the electrical mark is the only reliable evidence. Methods: A comparison of histological and morphological findings of skin and internal organs from an autopsy series of electrocution deaths with those mostly reported in literature as representative for electrocution. Results: The morphological changes of heart, brain and other main internal organs are still unspecific. Organ’s damage observed in electrocution deaths shows a wide variability, not reliable for a certain diagnosis of electrocution. The electrical mark is still the golden standard for diagnosis of electrocution. Conclusions: In electrocution related deaths, pathological findings of the main internal organs are not enough evidence to support with certainty a post-mortem diagnosis that a victim suffered an electrical damage. Although the organ histological changes are undoubtedly the starting point for a better understanding of the fatal even, the diagnosis of death from electrical damage is still a dark and unsolved chapter. The electrical mark still represents a fundamental indicator above all in the medical-legal field, but the identification of pathognomonic elements and signs not limited to the skin alone could be a valid help in the future, especially in unclear cases.

Postmortem Specificity of Troponin for Acute Miocard Infarction Diagnosis throug Qualitative Dosing from Pericardial Fluid

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
pp. 2482-2486
Author(s):  
Iuliana Hunea ◽  
Simona Irina Damian ◽  
Carmen Corina Radu ◽  
Sorin Moldoveanu ◽  
Tatiana Iov
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Troponin T ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Pericardial Fluid ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Lethal Arrhythmia ◽  
Myocardial Lesions

Cardiac disease is the leading cause of death, and sudden cardiac death occupies the first place in sudden deaths of natural causes. Sudden cardiac death due to lethal arrhythmia may be the first manifestation of a cardiac disease, such cases becoming suspect dead, thus forensic cases. The autopsy performed in such cases may reveal important cardiovascular disease but not obvious macroscopic or histological changes of acute myocardial infarction (IMA), except for cases of survival for several hours after the onset of the symptomatology. Biochemical markers were used to test for myocardial lesions in the absence of morphological changes. Methods for determining myoglobin, CK-MB, troponin T (cTn T), troponin I (cTn I) were introduced to the clinic to diagnose the condition of patients with chest pain as early as the 1990s. The lack of pathognomonic elements in corps investigations, where part of the analysis cannot be carried out, requires verification of the value of the investigations that can be carried out, with reference to the biochemical in the present case, in establishing the diagnosis with certainty.

MICROSCOPIC CHANGES IN THE INTERNAL ORGANS OF WHITE MICE DURING EXPERIMENTAL IRON (IV) CLATHROCHELATE TOXICOSIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. V. Borysevych ◽  
◽  
V. V. Lisova ◽  
I. M. Derkach ◽  
S. S. Derkach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Response ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
The Body ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Experimental Drug ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Preclinical And Clinical Studies ◽  
First Time

Iron (IV) clathrochelate based on a macrobicyclic ligand of the hexahydrazide type is a unique compound that contains iron in a rare high valence IV. Preclinical and clinical studies of this complex, which were started for the first time in Ukraine, have an important theoretical and practical consequence as this complex can be recommended as an active substance in iron-containing drugs with antianemic action. In conducting preclinical studies of new drugs, pathomorphological studies are important because they are a necessary step in studying the biological response of animals to the action of test substances. It was found that some pathological changes develop in the body of white mice under conditions of experimental acute and chronic iron (IV) clathrochelate intoxication. They correlated with the dose of the test compound. During chronic intoxication, the microscopic changes in the liver and kidney of white mice treated with iron (IV) clathrochelate at a dose of 1/10 DL50 were similar to the microscopic changes in the liver and kidney of mice treated with the experimental drug at a dose of 1/5 DL50. However, the severity of these changes was lower, reflecting a lower degree of organ damage. In the myocardium of mice treated with iron (IV) clathrochelate at a dose of 1/5 DL50 on the 10th day, as in acute iron (IV) clathrochelate poisoning, only edema was recorded. The prospects for further research are the study of microscopic changes in the organs of laboratory animals of other species during experimental iron (IV) clathrochelate toxicosis.

Mercury Kushta Induced Histopathological Changes in Liver of Wister Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 2076-2079
Author(s):  
Sakina Jamil ◽  
Raees Lail ◽  
Zunaira Qayyum ◽  
Zahra Riaz ◽  
Arooj Sattar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Portal Tract ◽  
Central Vein ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Liver Histopathology ◽  
Animal Experimental Study ◽  
Hepatocyte Necrosis ◽  
Architecture Development

Background: Heavy metals are the natural constituents of the earth's crust but the indiscriminate human activities have drastically effected their biochemical balance and geochemical cycles. Heavy metals and their compounds have pharmacological importance. These are being used in south Asian countries as component of different medicines. These medicines may have serious side effects on liver. Objectives: To see the histological changes of Kushta which contains mercury, on liver of wister rats. Material and Methods: It was an animal experimental study in which a total of 42 Wistar rats were included and divided into five exposed and one control groups. Morphological changes were observed in liver of rats by using indigenous as well as patent mercury preparations. Results: Morphological changes in liver of exposed rats included hepatocyte swelling, hepatocyte necrosis, hepatocyte apoptosis, disarray of hepatic architecture, development of portal tract inflammation, central vein congestion, sinusoidal congestion and dilatation, development of fatty change and damage to hepatic vascular and liver capsule were seen at the end of 8 weeks. Conclusions: Indigenous herbo-mineral preparation (Kushta) of mercury produces deleterious morphological effects on liver of wister rats. Keywords: Mercury Kushta, Liver, Histopathology

scholarly journals Ehlers–Danlos syndrome: how to diagnose and when to perform genetic tests

2014 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenda Sobey
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Connective Tissue Disorders ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Ehlers Danlos Syndrome ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Danlos Syndrome

The term Ehlers–Danlos syndrome (EDS) encompasses a group of inherited connective tissue disorders. The manifestations of EDS can be seen in skin, joints, blood vessels and internal organs and vary from mild to severe and life threatening. Each subtype is a separate and different condition. The genetic basis of many subtypes has now been elucidated, confirming heterogeneity. An awareness of the different conditions within this group is the starting point towards accurate diagnosis. Accurate elicitation of history and clinical signs is vital in selecting the correct confirmatory investigation. Skin biopsy with electron microscopy can be helpful in the decision process of whether and when to perform genetic testing. Correct diagnosis within the EDSs allows targeted management, family screening and prenatal diagnosis.

scholarly journals How I use molecular genetic tests to evaluate patients who have or may have myelodysplastic syndromes

Blood ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 132 (16) ◽  
pp. 1657-1663 ◽  
Author(s):  
David P. Steensma
Keyword(s):  
Myelodysplastic Syndromes ◽  
Somatic Mutations ◽  
Confounding Factor ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Provisional Diagnosis ◽  
Driver Genes ◽  
Diagnostic Uncertainty ◽  
Morphological Findings

Abstract Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) can be difficult to diagnose, especially when morphological changes in blood and marrow cells are minimal, myeloblast proportion is not increased, and the karyotype is normal. The discovery of >40 genes that are recurrently somatically mutated in MDS patients raised hope that molecular genetic testing for these mutations might help clarify the diagnosis in ambiguous cases where patients present with cytopenias and nondiagnostic marrow morphological findings. However, many older healthy individuals also harbor somatic mutations in leukemia-associated driver genes, especially in DNMT3A, TET2, and ASXL1, and detection of common aging-associated mutations in a cytopenic patient can cause diagnostic uncertainty. Despite this potential confounding factor, certain somatic mutation patterns when observed in cytopenic patients confer a high likelihood of disease progression and may allow a provisional diagnosis of MDS even if morphologic dysplasia and other diagnostic criteria are absent. A subset of acquired mutations also influences risk stratification of patients with an established MDS diagnosis and can inform treatment selection. Many unanswered questions remain about the implications of specific mutations, and clinicians also vary widely in their comfort with interpreting sequencing results. Here, I review the use of molecular genetic assays in patients with possible MDS or diagnosed MDS.

About morphological changes in the kidney in children with infections and some other diseases

1930 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-132
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Makarov
Keyword(s):  
Scarlet Fever ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
The Other ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Renal Changes ◽  
The One

The issue of pathological and histological changes in the kidneys in children with various infections and other diseases cannot be considered sufficiently researched and worked out. Only in certain infections (scarlet fever) has much attention been paid to the study of the kidneys. Most of the works on the issue of interest to us date back to the time when, on the one hand, insufficient importance was attached to the early dissection of corpses and the freshness of the material, which, as is now known, is of particular importance for the histology of the kidney, on the other hand, such interpretation of the detected changes, which do not correspond to the views and concepts of modern nephropathology; Finally, those changes in views on some diseases that have occurred to date, for example, in the issue of disorders of digestion and nutrition in infants, dictate the need for a different approach to the study of renal changes in these diseases.

scholarly journals Effect of Silymarin Supplementation on Physical Performance, Muscle and Myocardium Histological Changes, Bodyweight, and Food Consumption in Rats Subjected to Regular Exercise Training

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (20) ◽  
pp. 7724
Author(s):  
Nancy Vargas-Mendoza ◽  
Marcelo Ángeles-Valencia ◽  
Eduardo Osiris Madrigal-Santillán ◽  
Mauricio Morales-Martínez ◽  
Judith Margarita Tirado-Lule ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Endurance Capacity ◽  
Regular Exercise ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
The Impact

(1) Background: Regular exercise induces physiological and morphological changes in the organisms, but excessive training loads may induce damage and impair recovery or muscle growth. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the impact of Silymarin (SM) consumption on endurance capacity, muscle/cardiac histological changes, bodyweight, and food intake in rats subjected to 60 min of regular exercise training (RET) five days per week. (2) Methods: Male Wistar rats were subjected to an eight-week RET treadmill program and were previously administered SM and vitamin C. Bodyweight and food consumption were measured and registered. The maximal endurance capacity (MEC) test was performed at weeks one and eight. After the last training session, the animals were sacrificed, and samples of quadriceps/gastrocnemius and cardiac tissue were obtained and process for histological analyzes. (3) Results: SM consumption improved muscle recovery, inflammation, and damaged tissue, and promoted hypertrophy, vascularization, and muscle fiber shape/appearance. MEC increased after eight weeks of RET in all trained groups; moreover, the SM-treated group was enhanced more than the group with vitamin C. There were no significant changes in bodyweight and in food and nutrient consumption along the study. (5) Conclusion: SM supplementation may enhance physical performance, recovery, and muscle hypertrophy during the eight-week RET program.

scholarly journals Symptomatic Achilles Tendons are Thicker than Asymptomatic Tendons on Ultrasound Examination in Recreational Long-Distance Runners

Sports ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Tillander ◽  
Håkan Gauffin ◽  
Johan Lyth ◽  
Anders Knutsson ◽  
Toomas Timpka
Keyword(s):  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Multiple Model ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Clinical Indicators ◽  
Morphological Findings ◽  
Tendon Thickness

There is a need for clinical indicators that can be used to guide the treatment of Achilles tendon complaints in recreational runners. Diagnostic ultrasound has recently been introduced for clinical decision support in tendon pain management. The aim of this study was to determine whether tendon thickness and morphological changes in the Achilles tendon detected in ultrasound examinations are associated with local symptoms in middle-age recreational long-distance runners. Forty-two Achilles tendons (21 middle-aged runners) were investigated by ultrasound examination measuring tendon thickness and a morphology score indicating tendinosis. The Generalized Estimating Equations method was applied in multiple models of factors associated with reporting a symptomatic tendon. Eleven symptomatic and 31 asymptomatic Achilles tendons were recorded. In the multiple model that used tendon thickness measured 30 mm proximal to the distal insertion, an association was found between thickness and reporting a symptomatic tendon (p < 0.001; OR 12.9; 95% CI 3.1 to 53.2). A qualitative morphology score was not found to be significantly associated with reporting a symptomatic tendon (p = 0.10). We conclude that symptomatic Achilles tendons were thicker than asymptomatic tendons on ultrasound examination among recreational long-distance runners and that the importance of parallel morphological findings need to be further investigated in prospective studies.

Maternal passive smoking during pregnancy and foetal developmental toxicity. Part 2: histological changes

1999 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ed Nelson ◽  
Carla Goubet-Wiemers ◽  
Yuanjian Guo ◽  
Karin Jodscheit
Keyword(s):  
Growth Retardation ◽  
Passive Smoking ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Developmental Toxicity ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
Sidestream Smoke

1 Evidence has been accumulating on the growth suppressing effects of maternal passive smoking on foetus. Reviewing all literature released during the last two decades and screening for all possible variables such as previous smoking history, maternal age and weight gain, parity and length of gestation, placental weight, and diet, we found no reason to doubt the role of passive smoking during pregnancy in the induction of growth retardation. However, no literature indicates whether these birthweight deficits might hint at other possible hidden abnormalities in tissues. To verify this question, we performed an experiment on rats. 2 We have already reported that pups born to rats with previous exposure to cigarette' sidestream smoke during pregnancy showed a significant and dosedependent growth retardation.1 Those pregnant rats were exposed each in a 150 dm3 glass chamber to diluted sidestream smoke of either 1, 2, 3 or 4 commercial blond filter brand cigarettes during either first, second or third week of pregnancy. We have selected a part of each group of pups at random and examined for possible histological changes of lung, liver, stomach, kidney and intestinal tissues. 3 Compared to controls, lung tissues of newborns of smoke exposed mothers showed an enhanced incidence of apoptosis, mesenchymal changes, and hyperplasia of bronchial muscles. Pronounced abnormal changes in haematopoiesis and proliferation of bile duct cells were the most variations from norm observed in liver tissues of exposed pups. Immature glomeruli of kidney, epithelhypoplasia of stomach, and hypoplasia of intestinal villi were common among newborns of exposed mothers than among controls. 4 These results indicate that passive smoking upon pregnancy causes abnormal morphological changes in internal tissues of newborns. At present, we can draw no conclusion as to whether these histological changes will result in functional malformations or possibly late effects, although they should be expected.

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