scholarly journals Evaluation of Anti-SARS-Cov-2 S-RBD Igg Antibodies after COVID-19 mRNA BNT162b2 Vaccine

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1135
Author(s):  
Bruna Lo Sasso ◽  
Rosaria Vincenza Giglio ◽  
Matteo Vidali ◽  
Concetta Scazzone ◽  
Giulia Bivona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Spike Protein ◽  
Receptor Binding Domain ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Chemiluminescence Immunoassay ◽  
Protein Receptor ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Previous Infection ◽  
Individual Protection ◽  
The Individual

(1) Background: The evaluation of anti-spike protein receptor-binding domain (S-RBD) antibodies represents a useful tool to estimate the individual protection against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection; (2) Methods: We evaluated anti S-RBD IgG levels by indirect chemiluminescence immunoassay on Maglumi 800 (SNIBE, California) in 2248 vaccinated subjects without previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, 91 vaccinated individuals recovered from COVID-19, and 268 individuals recovered from COVID-19 who had not been vaccinated. Among those who were healthy and vaccinated, 352 subjects performed a re-dosing after about 72 days from the first measurement. (3) Results: Anti S-RBD IgG levels were lower in subjects with previous infection than vaccinated subjects, with or without previous infection (p < 0.001). No difference was observed between vaccinated subjects, with and without previous SARS-CoV-2 infection. Overall, anti-RBD IgG levels were higher in females than males (2110 vs. 1341 BAU/mL; p < 0.001) as well as in subjects with symptoms after vaccination than asymptomatic ones (2085 vs. 1332 BAU/mL; p = 0.001) and lower in older than younger subjects. Finally, a significant decrease in anti-RBD IgG levels was observed within a short period from a complete two-dose cycle vaccination. (4) Conclusions: Our results show an efficacy antibody response after vaccination with age-, time- and sex-related differences.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 Infection Is Asymptomatic in Nearly Half of Adults with Robust Anti-Spike Protein Receptor-Binding Domain Antibody Response

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Ourania E. Tsitsilonis ◽  
Dimitrios Paraskevis ◽  
Evi Lianidou ◽  
Evangelos Terpos ◽  
Athanasios Akalestos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Receptor Binding ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Binding Domain ◽  
Spike Protein ◽  
Receptor Binding Domain ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Protein Receptor ◽  
Previous Infection ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Asymptomatic Individuals

Between June and November 2020, we assessed plasma antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) nucleocapsid protein in 4996 participants (aged 18–82 years, 34.5% men) from the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens. The weighted overall prevalence was 1.6% and monthly prevalence correlated with viral RNA-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections in Greece, in the same period. Notably, 49% of seropositive cases reported no history of SARS-CoV-2 infection-related clinical symptoms and 33% were unsuspected of their previous infection. Additionally, levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies against the spike-protein receptor-binding domain were similar between symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals, irrespective of age and gender. Using Food and Drug Administration Emergency Use Authorization-approved assays, these results support the need for such studies on pandemic evaluation and highlight the development of robust humoral immune responses even among asymptomatic individuals. The high percentage of unsuspected/asymptomatic active cases, which may contribute to community transmission for more days than that of cases who are aware and self-isolate, underscores the necessity of measures across the population for the efficient control of the pandemic.

scholarly journals Persistence of serum and saliva antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 spike antigens in patients with COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (52) ◽  
pp. eabe5511
Author(s):  
Baweleta Isho ◽  
Kento T. Abe ◽  
Michelle Zuo ◽  
Alainna J. Jamal ◽  
Bhavisha Rathod ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Receptor Binding ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Spike Protein ◽  
Receptor Binding Domain ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Surrogate Measure ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Negative Controls

Although the antibody response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been extensively studied in blood, relatively little is known about the antibody response in saliva and its relationship to systemic antibody levels. Here, we profiled by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgA, and IgM responses to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (full-length trimer) and its receptor binding domain (RBD) in serum and saliva of acute and convalescent patients with laboratory-diagnosed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ranging from 3 to 115 days postsymptom onset (PSO), compared with negative controls. Anti–SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses were readily detected in serum and saliva, with peak IgG levels attained by 16 to 30 days PSO. Longitudinal analysis revealed that anti–SARS-CoV-2 IgA and IgM antibodies rapidly decayed, whereas IgG antibodies remained relatively stable up to 105 days PSO in both biofluids. Last, IgG, IgM, and, to a lesser extent, IgA responses to spike and RBD in the serum positively correlated with matched saliva samples. This study confirms that serum and saliva IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 are maintained in most of the patients with COVID-19 for at least 3 months PSO. IgG responses in saliva may serve as a surrogate measure of systemic immunity to SARS-CoV-2 based on their correlation with serum IgG responses.

scholarly journals Detection of R.1 lineage severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) with spike protein W152L/E484K/G769V mutations in Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. e1009619
Author(s):  
Yosuke Hirotsu ◽  
Masao Omata
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
The United States ◽  
Spike Protein ◽  
Taqman Assay ◽  
Receptor Binding Domain ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Protein Receptor ◽  
History Of ◽  
Global Initiative

We aimed to investigate novel emerging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) lineages in Japan that harbor variants in the spike protein receptor-binding domain (RBD). The total nucleic acid contents of samples from 159 patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) were subjected to whole genome sequencing. The SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences from these patients were examined for variants in spike protein RBD. In January 2021, three family members (one aged in their 40s and two aged under 10 years old) were found to be infected with SARS-CoV-2 harboring W152L/E484K/G769V mutations. These three patients were living in Japan and had no history of traveling abroad. After identifying these cases, we developed a TaqMan assay to screen for the above hallmark mutations and identified an additional 14 patients with the same mutations. The associated virus strain was classified into the GR clade (Global Initiative on Sharing Avian Influenza Data [GISAID]), 20B clade (Nextstrain), and R.1 lineage (Phylogenetic Assignment of Named Global Outbreak [PANGO] Lineages). As of April 22, 2021, R.1 lineage SARS-CoV-2 has been identified in 2,388 SARS-CoV-2 entries in the GISAID database, many of which were from Japan (38.2%; 913/2,388) and the United States (47.1%; 1,125/2,388). Compared with that in the United States, the percentage of SARS-CoV-2 isolates belonging to the R.1 lineage in Japan increased more rapidly over the period from October 24, 2020 to April 18, 2021. R.1 lineage SARS-CoV-2 has potential escape mutations in the spike protein RBD (E484K) and N-terminal domain (W152L); therefore, it will be necessary to continue to monitor the R.1 lineage as it spreads around the world.

scholarly journals Structural Basis of a Human Neutralizing Antibody Specific to the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Receptor-Binding Domain

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Yang ◽  
Jiaqi Li ◽  
Zhaoxia Huang ◽  
Heng Li ◽  
Yueming Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Receptor Binding ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Binding Domain ◽  
Spike Protein ◽  
Structural Basis ◽  
Receptor Binding Domain ◽  
Protein Receptor

COVID-19 is a respiratory disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The COVID-19 pandemic has posed a serious threat to global health and the economy, so it is necessary to find safe and effective antibody drugs and treatments.

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