scholarly journals Time-Frequency Analysis of Cardiovascular and Cardiorespiratory Interactions During Orthostatic Stress by Extended Partial Directed Coherence

Entropy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Charleston-Villalobos ◽  
Sina Reulecke ◽  
Andreas Voss ◽  
Mahmood R. Azimi-Sadjadi ◽  
Ramón González-Camarena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Information Flow ◽  
Orthostatic Intolerance ◽  
Linear Method ◽  
Orthostatic Stress ◽  
Partial Directed Coherence ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Time Frequency

In this study, the linear method of extended partial directed coherence (ePDC) was applied to establish the temporal dynamic behavior of cardiovascular and cardiorespiratory interactions during orthostatic stress at a 70° head-up tilt (HUT) test on young age-matched healthy subjects and patients with orthostatic intolerance (OI), both male and female. Twenty 5-min windows were used to analyze the minute-wise progression of interactions from 5 min in a supine position (baseline, BL) until 18 min of the orthostatic phase (OP) without including pre-syncopal phases. Gender differences in controls were present in cardiorespiratory interactions during OP without compromised autonomic regulation. However in patients, analysis by ePDC revealed considerable dynamic alterations within cardiovascular and cardiorespiratory interactions over the temporal course during the HUT test. Considering the young female patients with OI, the information flow from heart rate to systolic blood pressure (mechanical modulation) was already increased before the tilt-up, the information flow from systolic blood pressure to heart rate (neural baroreflex) increased during OP, while the information flow from respiration to heart rate (respiratory sinus arrhythmia) decreased during the complete HUT test. Findings revealed impaired cardiovascular interactions in patients with orthostatic intolerance and confirmed the usefulness of ePDC for causality analysis.

Heart Rate and Blood Pressure Response to Short-Term Head-Down Bed Rest: A Nonlinear Approach

2000 ◽  
Vol 39 (02) ◽  
pp. 157-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Balocchi ◽  
A. Di Garbo ◽  
C. Michelassi ◽  
S. Chillemi ◽  
M. Varanini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Orthostatic Intolerance ◽  
Bed Rest ◽  
Microgravity Environment ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
Recurrence Quantification

Abstract:Although it is well-known that prolonged exposure to microgravity environment such as in space travel results in derangements of orthostasis, recent evidence suggests that even short-term exposure may have similar effects and parallels such common examples as prolonged bed rest. Whereas spectral analysis of heart rate and systolic blood pressure have been unable to detect changes, we hypothesized that nonlinear indexes may be better able to uncover such perturbations. Eighteen healthy subjects were exposed to 4-hour head-down tilt, and of these, 4 exhibited fainting. Two nonlinear indexes, mutual information and recurrence quantification were used to analyze the data. Only recurrence quantification was able to detect a “decoupling” of heart rate and systolic blood pressure at rest using discriminant analysis (p < 0.05). These results suggest that orthostatic intolerance may be due to a decoupling of heart rate from systolic blood pressure reflexive activity occurring at rest.

Cardiocirculatory coupling during sinusoidal baroreceptor stimulation and fixed-frequency breathing

2000 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelius KEYL ◽  
Martin DAMBACHER ◽  
Annette SCHNEIDER ◽  
Claudio PASSINO ◽  
Ulrike WEGENHORST ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Fixed Frequency ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Rr Interval ◽  
Transfer Function Analysis ◽  
Baroreceptor Stimulation

The question of whether respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) originates mainly from a central coupling between respiration and heart rate, or from baroreflex mechanisms, is a subject of controversy. If there is a major contribution of baroreflexes to RSA, cardiocirculatory coupling during breathing and during cyclic baroreflex stimulation should show similarities. We applied a sinusoidal stimulus to the carotid baroreceptors and generated heart rate fluctuations of the same magnitude as RSA with a frequency similar to, but different from, the breathing frequency (0.2 Hz, compared with 0.25 Hz), and at 0.1 Hz, in 17 supine healthy subjects (age 28–39 years). The data were analysed using discrete Fourier-transform and transfer function analysis. Respiratory fluctuations in systolic blood pressure preceded RSA with a time lag equal to that between baroreceptor stimulation and oscillations in RR interval (0.62±0.18 s compared with 0.57±0.28 s at 0.2 Hz neck suction). The response of systolic blood pressure to neck suction at 0.2 Hz was 5 times less than the respiratory blood pressure fluctuations. Neck suction at 0.1 Hz largely increased fluctuations in blood pressure and RR interval, whereas the spontaneous phase relationship between blood pressure and RR interval remained unchanged. Our results are not consistent with the hypothesis that the origin of RSA is predominantly a central phenomenon which secondarily generates fluctuations in blood pressure, but suggest that, under the condition of fixed-frequency breathing at 0.25 Hz, baroreflex mechanisms contribute to respiratory fluctuations in RR interval.

scholarly journals Information Domain Analysis of Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia Mechanisms

2018 ◽  
pp. S611-S618 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. KROHOVA ◽  
B. CZIPPELOVA ◽  
Z. TURIANIKOVA ◽  
Z. LAZAROVA ◽  
R. WISZT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Control ◽  
Peripheral Mechanism ◽  
Rate Oscillations

Ventilation related heart rate oscillations – respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) – originate in human from several mechanisms. Two most important of them – the central mechanism (direct communication between respiratory and cardiomotor centers), and the peripheral mechanism (ventilation-associated blood pressure changes transferred to heart rate via baroreflex) have been described in previous studies. The major aim of this study was to compare the importance of these mechanisms in the generation of RSA non-invasively during various states by quantifying the strength of the directed interactions between heart rate, systolic blood pressure and respiratory volume signals. Seventy-eight healthy volunteers (32 male, age range: 16.02-25.77 years, median age: 18.57 years) participated in this study. The strength of mutual interconnections among the spontaneous beat-to-beat oscillations of systolic blood pressure (SBP), R-R interval (RR signal) and respiration (volume changes – RESP signal) was quantified during supine rest, orthostatic challenge (head-up tilt, HUT) and cognitive load (mental arithmetics, MA) using bivariate and trivariate measures of cardio-respiratory information transfer to separate baroreflex and nonbaroreflex (central) mechanisms. Our results indicate that both basic mechanisms take part in RSA generation in the intact cardiorespiratory control of human subjects. During orthostatic and mental challenges baroreflex based peripheral mechanism becomes more important.

Quantification of the Central Cardiovascular Network Applying the Normalized Short-time Partial Directed Coherence Approach in Healthy Subjects

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (03) ◽  
pp. 129-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffen Schulz ◽  
Mathias Bolz ◽  
Karl-Jürgen Bär ◽  
Andreas Voss
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Spectral Power ◽  
Partial Directed Coherence ◽  
Regulatory Processes ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Short Time

Summary Background: The central control of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and the complex interplay of its components can be described by a functional integrated mode – the central autonomic network (CAN). CAN represents the integrated functioning and interaction between the central nervous system (CNS) and ANS (parasympathetic and sympathetic activity). Objective: This study investigates the central cardiovascular network (CCVN) as a part of the CAN, during which heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SYS) and frontal EEG activity in 21 healthy subjects (CON) will be analysed. The objective of this study is to determine how these couplings (central-cardiovascular) are composed by the different regulatory aspects of the CNS-ANS interaction. Methods: To quantify the short-term instantaneous causal couplings within the CCVN, the normalized short time partial directed coherence (NSTPDC) approach was applied. It is based on an m-dimensional MAR process to determine Granger causality in the frequency domain. Results: We found that CCVN were of bidirectional character, and that the causal influences of central activity towards HR were stronger than those towards systolic blood pressure. This suggests that the central-cardiac closed-loop regulation process in CON focuses mainly on adapting the heart rate via the sinoatrial node rather than focusing on SYS. The CNS-ANS coupling directions with respect to central spectral power bands were characterized as mostly bidirectional, where HR and SYS acted as drivers in nearly every frequency band (unidirectional for α, α1 and α2). Conclusion: This study provides a more indepth understanding of the interplay of neuronal and autonomic cardiovascular regulatory processes in healthy subjects, as well as a greater insight into the complex CAN.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Penusukan Tunggal Titik Akupunktur Telinga Ciao Kan terhadap Tekanan Darah dan Frekuensi Denyut Jantung

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Yanti Ivana Suryanto
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Orthostatic Stress ◽  
Test Design ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Orthostatic Stress Test

Dalam praktek klinis kedokteran gigi, seringkali pasien datang dengan tekanan darah yang tinggi meskipun ia tidak memiliki riwayat hipertensi sebelumnya. Pada kondisi ini, tingginya tekanan darah seringkali dipengaruhi oleh tingkat kecemasan pasien yang nantinya akan mempengaruhi sistem saraf otonom. Akupunktur merupakan suatu metode pengobatan dengan penusukan jarum tanpa memasukkan bahan kimia ke dalam tubuh pasien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh penusukan tunggal titik akupunktur telinga Ciao Kan terhadap tekanan darah dan frekuensi denyut jantung. Hipotesis yang diajukan adalah penusukan tunggal titik akupunktur telinga Ciao Kan menyebabkan terjadinya penurunan tekanan darah dan frekuensi denyut jantung. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan mempergunakan rancangan penelitian pre-post test design. Subjek penelitian adalah laki-laki berusia 25–35 tahun dengan tekanan sistolik lebih atau sama dengan 130 mmHg yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Subjek menjalani orthostatic stress test, penusukan titik akupunktur telinga Ciao Kan, pengukuran tekanan darah dan frekuensi denyut jantung. Metode statistik yang dipergunakan adalah uji t, uji korelasi Pearson, dan uji ANOVA satu jalur. Uji t dilakukan pada data yang telah ditransformasi. Tekanan sistolik turun signifikan pada subyek penelitian selama perlakuan (p<0,05) namun kemudian naik kembali. Frekuensi denyut jantung juga mengalami penurunan signifikan (p<0,05) selama perlakuan dan naik kembali. Uji korelasi Pearson dilakukan untuk melihat korelasi antara tekanan arteri rata-rata dengan frekuensi denyut jantung. Hasil uji korelasi menunjukkan adanya korelasi positif antara tekanan arteri rata-rata dan frekuensi denyut jantung (r =0,373). Uji ANOVA satu jalur menunjukkan tidak adanya perbedaan nilai tekanan sistolik, tekanan diastolik, tekanan arteri rata-rata, dan frekuensi denyut jantung antar kelompok dengan respon terhadap orthostatic stress test normal, hipertonus, maupun hipotonus (p >0,05). Dengan demikian dapat dikatakan bahwa penusukan tunggal titik akupunktur telinga Ciao Kan menyebabkan terjadinya penurunan tekanan darah dan frekuensi denyut jantung. The Effect of Single Acupuncture on Ciao Kan Ear Acupoint on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate In dental clinical practice. Patient sometime come with high blood pressure even though they have no history of hypertension. In this condition, high blood pressure could be influenced by anxiety that will have an effect on autonomic nerve system. Acupuncture is a healing method with needle puncture without giving chemical substance to patient’s body. This research aimed at evaluating the effect of a single acupuncture on Ciao Kan ear acupoint on blood pressure and heart rate. Hypothesis of this research was single acupuncture on Ciao Kan ear acupoint could decrease blood pressure and heart rate. This was a pre-post test design experiment. Subjects were men, 25 – 35 years old with systolic blood pressure equal or more than 130 mmHg who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Subject did orthostatic stress test, acupuncture on Ciao Kan ear acupoint, blood pressure measurement, and heart rate measurement. T test was done on the transformed data. Systolic blood pressure decreased significantly (p < 0.05) during acupuncture and then increased afterward. Heart rates also decreased significantly (p < 0.05) during acupuncture and then increased afterward. Pearson correlation test was done to see the correlation between mean arterial pressure and heart rate. The results showed a positive correlation between mean arterial pressure and heart rate (r = 0.373). One way ANOVA showed no systolic, diastolic, mean arterial pressure, and heart rate differences between groups in response to orthostatic stress test normal, hyper tone, or hypo tone (p > 0.05). It could be said that single acupuncture on Ciao Kan ear acupoint could decrease blood pressure and heart rate.

scholarly journals Cardiopulmonary coupling indices to assess weaning readiness from mechanical ventilation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Armañac-Julián ◽  
David Hernando ◽  
Jesús Lázaro ◽  
Candelaria de Haro ◽  
Rudys Magrans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Spontaneous Breathing Trial ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Coupling ◽  
Cardiac Pumping ◽  
Successful Weaning ◽  
Frequency Coherence ◽  
Subspace Projections

AbstractThe ideal moment to withdraw respiratory supply of patients under Mechanical Ventilation at Intensive Care Units (ICU), is not easy to be determined for clinicians. Although the Spontaneous Breathing Trial (SBT) provides a measure of the patients’ readiness, there is still around 15–20% of predictive failure rate. This work is a proof of concept focused on adding new value to the prediction of the weaning outcome. Heart Rate Variability (HRV) and Cardiopulmonary Coupling (CPC) methods are evaluated as new complementary estimates to assess weaning readiness. The CPC is related to how the mechanisms regulating respiration and cardiac pumping are working simultaneously, and it is defined from HRV in combination with respiratory information. Three different techniques are used to estimate the CPC, including Time-Frequency Coherence, Dynamic Mutual Information and Orthogonal Subspace Projections. The cohort study includes 22 patients in pressure support ventilation, ready to undergo the SBT, analysed in the 24 h previous to the SBT. Of these, 13 had a successful weaning and 9 failed the SBT or needed reintubation –being both considered as failed weaning. Results illustrate that traditional variables such as heart rate, respiratory frequency, and the parameters derived from HRV do not differ in patients with successful or failed weaning. Results revealed that HRV parameters can vary considerably depending on the time at which they are measured. This fact could be attributed to circadian rhythms, having a strong influence on HRV values. On the contrary, significant statistical differences are found in the proposed CPC parameters when comparing the values of the two groups, and throughout the whole recordings. In addition, differences are greater at night, probably because patients with failed weaning might be experiencing more respiratory episodes, e.g. apneas during the night, which is directly related to a reduced respiratory sinus arrhythmia. Therefore, results suggest that the traditional measures could be used in combination with the proposed CPC biomarkers to improve weaning readiness.

scholarly journals Association between Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Arterial Stiffness in Children with Congenital Heart Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 3266
Author(s):  
Laura Willinger ◽  
Leon Brudy ◽  
Renate Oberhoffer-Fritz ◽  
Peter Ewert ◽  
Jan Müller
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Objectively Measured

Background: The association between physical activity (PA) and arterial stiffness is particularly important in children with congenital heart disease (CHD) who are at risk for arterial stiffening. The aim of this study was to examine the association between objectively measured PA and arterial stiffness in children and adolescents with CHD. Methods: In 387 children and adolescents with various CHD (12.2 ± 3.3 years; 162 girls) moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) was assessed with the “Garmin vivofit jr.” for 7 consecutive days. Arterial stiffness parameters including pulse wave velocity (PWV) and central systolic blood pressure (cSBP) were non-invasively assessed by oscillometric measurement via Mobil-O-Graph®. Results: MVPA was not associated with PWV (ß = −0.025, p = 0.446) and cSBP (ß = −0.020, p = 0.552) in children with CHD after adjusting for age, sex, BMI z-score, peripheral systolic blood pressure, heart rate and hypertensive agents. Children with CHD were remarkably active with 80% of the study population reaching the WHO recommendation of average 60 min of MVPA per day. Arterial stiffness did not differ between low-active and high-active CHD group after adjusting for age, sex, BMI z-score, peripheral systolic blood pressure, heart rate and hypertensive agents (PWV: F = 0.530, p = 0.467; cSBP: F = 0.843, p = 0.359). Conclusion: In this active cohort, no association between PA and arterial stiffness was found. Longer exposure to the respective risk factors of physical inactivity might be necessary to determine an impact of PA on the vascular system.

scholarly journals FRI0618-HPR EFFECTS OF MUSIC THERAPY ON PAIN, ANXIETY, AND VITAL SIGNS IN CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY RHEUMATIC DISEASES PATIENTS DURING BIOLOGICAL DRUGS INFUSION

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 914.2-914
Author(s):  
S. Boussaid ◽  
M. Ben Majdouba ◽  
S. Jriri ◽  
M. Abbes ◽  
S. Jammali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Biological Therapies ◽  
Biological Drugs ◽  
Pain Anxiety ◽  
The Mean

Background:Music therapy is based on ancient cross-cultural beliefs that music can have a “healing” effect on mind and body. Research determined that listening to music can increase comfort and relaxation, relieve pain, lower distress, reduce anxiety, improve positive emotions and mood, and decrease psychological symptoms. Music therapy has been used greatly in various medical procedures to reduce associated anxiety and pain. Patients have a high level of anxiety when they are in the hospital, this is the case of patients with rheumatic diseases who consult regularly to have intravenous infusion of biological therapies.Objectives:The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of music therapy on pain, anxiety, and vital signs among patients with chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases during intravenous infusion of biological drugs.Methods:Fifty patients were divided into two groups: The experimental group G1 (n=25) received drug infusion while lestening to soft music (30 minutes); and the control group G2 (n=25) received only drug infusion. Measures include pain, anxiety, vital signs (blood pressure, heart rate and respiratory rate). The pain was measured using visual analogic scale (VAS). The state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) was used for measuring anxiety, low anxiety ranges from 20 to 39, the moderate anxiety ranges from 40 to 59, and high anxiety ranges from 60 to 80. Vital signs (systolic blood pressure [SBP], diastolic blood pressure [DBP], heart rate [HR], and respiratory rate [RR]) were measured before, during and immediately after the infusion.Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) was used for analysis.Results:The mean age in G1 was 44.45 years (26-72) with a sex ratio (M/F) of 0.8. Including the 25 patients, 12 had rheumatoid arthritis, 10 had ankylosing spondylitis and 3 had psoriatic arthritis. The mean disease duration was 8 years. In G2, the mean age was 46 years (25-70) with a sex ratio (M/F) of 0.75, 12 had rheumatoid arthritis, 11 had ankylosing spondylitis and 2 had psoriatic arthritis. The mean disease duration was 7.5 years. The biological drugs used were: Infliximab in 30 cases, Tocilizumab in 12 cases and Rituximab in 8 cases.Before the infusion, the patients of experimental group had a mean VAS of 5/10±3, a mean STAI of 50.62±6.01, a mean SBP of 13.6 cmHg±1.4, a mean DBP of 8.6 cmHg±1, a mean HR of 85±10 and a mean RR of 18±3. While in control group the mean VAS was 5.5±2, the mean STAI was 50.89±5.5, the mean SBP was 13.4±1.2, the mean DBP was 8.8±1.1, the mean HR was 82±8 and the mean RR was 19±2.During the infusion and after music intervention in G1, the mean STAI became 38.35±5 in G1 versus 46.7±5.2 in G2 (p value=0.022), the mean SBP became 12.1±0.5 in G1 versus 13±1 in G2 (p=0.035), the mean DBP became 8.1±0.8 in G1 versus 8.4±0.9 in G2 (p=0.4), the mean HR became 76±9 in G1 versus 78±7 in G2 (p=0.04) and the mean RR became 17.3±2.1 in G1 versus 18.2±1.7 in G2 (p=0.39).This study found a statistically significant decrease in anxiety, systolic blood pressure and heart rate in patients receiving music interventions during biological therapies infusion, but no significant difference were identified in diastolic blood pressure and respiratory rate.Conclusion:The findings provide further evidence to support the use of music therapy to reduce anxiety, and lower systolic blood pressure and heart rate in patients with rheumatic disease during biological therapies infusion.References:[1] Lin, C., Hwang, S., Jiang, P., & Hsiung, N. (2019).Effect of Music Therapy on Pain After Orthopedic Surgery -A Systematic review and Meta-Analysis. Pain Practice.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

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