scholarly journals Cost-Effective Data Aggregation Method for Smart Grid

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 2911
Author(s):  
Hsi-Chou Hsu ◽  
Shi-Ren Zhuang ◽  
Yung-Fa Huang
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Smart Grid ◽  
Data Aggregation ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Network Equipment ◽  
The Cost

Finding a more efficient use of energy is an important problem that needs attention. Compared with the traditional power grid, a smart grid can monitor users’ electricity situation and electricity consumption instantly. However, it involves many problems of deploying network equipment. Consequently, it is vital to promote smart grids by collecting data from smart meters efficiently and keeping costs low. In this article, we propose a two-stage method of data collection for smart grids. The main contribution of this paper is to lower the number of data aggregation points (DAPs) so that the cost can be reduced. By using the K-means method, an entire smart grid can be divided into many smaller parts. In addition, the needs of transmitting and receiving data in the entire smart grid can be met by installing the least number of DAPs. Finally, the simulations show that the proposed two-stage method of data collection can use fewer DAPs to collect data than other methods which use one-stage methods, so the proposed scheme is more cost-effective.

Malicious Node Detection in Smart Grid Networks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faisal Y Al Yahmadi ◽  
Muhammad R Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Cyber Attacks ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
Malicious Nodes ◽  
High Detection Rate ◽  
Detection Model ◽  
Electricity Theft

Many countries around the world are implementing smart grids and smart meters. Malicious users that have moderate level of computer knowledge can manipulate smart meters and launch cyber-attacks. This poses cyber threats to network operators and government security. In order to reduce the number of electricity theft cases, companies need to develop preventive and protective methods to minimize the losses from this issue. In this paper, we propose a model based on software that detects malicious nodes in a smart grid network. The model collects data (electricity consumption/electric bill) from the nodes and compares it with previously obtained data. Support Vector Machine (SVM) model is implemented to classify nodes into good or malicious nodes by (high dimensional) giving the statues of 1 for good nodes and status of -1 for malicious (abnormal) nodes. The detection model also displays the network graphically as well as the data table. Moreover, this model displays the detection error in each cycle. It has a very low false alarm rate (2%) and a high detection rate as high as (98%). Future developments can trace the attack origin to eliminate or block the attack source minimizing losses before human control arrives.

A Privacy-Aware Data Aggregation Scheme for Smart Grid Based on Elliptic Curve Cryptography With Provable Security Against Internal Attacks

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 109-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismaila Adeniyi Kamil ◽  
Sunday Oyinlola Ogundoyin
Keyword(s):  
Elliptic Curve ◽  
Data Aggregation ◽  
Elliptic Curve Cryptography ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Discrete Logarithm ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Security Requirements ◽  
Security Model ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
Aggregation Scheme

In smart grids (SGs), smart meters (SMs) are usually deployed to collect and transmit customers' electricity consumption data in real-time to the control center. Due to the open nature of the SG communication, several privacy-preserving data aggregation schemes have been proposed to protect the privacy of customers. However, most of these schemes cannot protect against internal attackers and they are not efficient, since SMs are constrained in processing, memory, and computing capabilities. To address these problems, the authors propose a privacy-aware lightweight data aggregation scheme against internal attackers based on Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC). The scheme satisfies all the security requirements of SG, and supports conditional traceability, strong anonymity and autonomy. The authors demonstrate that the proposed scheme provides confidentiality based on the Computational Diffie-Hellman (CDH) assumption and unforgeability in the security model based on the intractability of the Discrete Logarithm (DL) problem. Extensive performance analysis shows that the proposed scheme is very efficient.

scholarly journals Smart Grid on Issues and Challenges

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 4628-4632
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Data Transfer ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Effective Energy ◽  
Smart Meters

Smart grids ensure the energy conservation and cost effective energy management that encourage the clean energy environment. . The transformation of power grid involves implementation of contemporary measuring equipment’s and communication technologies for effective energy data transfer and management. The smart grids do have their benefits but they also come with bottlenecks pertaining to the areas of SM (Smart Meters), information and communication technology (ICT) and in unification of RES (Renewable Energy Source). This paper provides a survey of challenges related to these bottlenecks. It also throws light on the advancement in communication technology which is helpful to induce reliability and efficacy in the smart grids (SG). A complete overview of the same including its limitations in the current scenario is also provided. The survey on the advanced communication technologies, security on the utility and consumers smart grid devices, turns the smart grid as the better solution for the future energy demand.

Analiza potencijala za uvođenje sistema pametnih mreža u Bosni i Hercegovini

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
Jasmina Imamović ◽  
Sanda Midžić Kurtagić ◽  
Esma Manić ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Smart Grid ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Distributed Energy ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
Distributed Energy Resource ◽  
Charging Stations

The paper presents an analysis of the current situation regarding the development of an electricity distribution network and potential for a smart grid development in the selected pilot region of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Apart from the policy framework assessment, several indicator based criteria were included in the scope of analysis: share of renewable energy and renewable energy as distributed energy resource, total share of distributed energy resources, a number of installed smart meters for measuring electricity consumption, a number of charging stations for electric vehicles, energy storage capacities and technological development. The overall analysis of the assessment has been done by normalization of the calculated values of the indicators on a scale of 1-5. The indicators have showed that the smart grid sector in the Region is currently underdeveloped.

Vulnerabilities and Threats in Smart Grid Communication Networks

2021 ◽  
pp. 1508-1535
Author(s):  
Yona Lopes ◽  
Natalia Castro Fernandes ◽  
Tiago Bornia de Castro ◽  
Vitor dos Santos Farias ◽  
Julia Drummond Noce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Communication Networks ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Electrical Network ◽  
Physical Security ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
Interconnected System ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Data Volume ◽  
Active Attacks

Advances in smart grids and in communication networks allow the development of an interconnected system where information arising from different sources helps building a more reliable electrical network. Nevertheless, this interconnected system also brings new security threats. In the past, communication networks for electrical systems were restrained to closed and secure areas, which guaranteed network physical security. Due to the integration with smart meters, clouds, and other information sources, physical security to network access is no longer available, which may compromise the electrical system. Besides smart grids bring a huge growth in data volume, which must be managed. In order to achieve a successful smart grid deployment, robust network communication to provide automation among devices is necessary. Therefore, outages caused by passive or active attacks become a real threat. This chapter describes the main architecture flaws that make the system vulnerable to attacks for creating energy disruptions, stealing energy, and breaking privacy.

scholarly journals Strategies for Datacenters Participating in Demand Response by Two-Stage Decisions

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Yuling Li ◽  
Xiaoying Wang ◽  
Peicong Luo
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Demand Response ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Potential Demand ◽  
Electricity Costs ◽  
Demand Response Programs

Modern smart grids have proposed a series of demand response (DR) programs and encourage users to participate in them with the purpose of maintaining reliability and efficiency so as to respond to the sustainable development of demand-side management. As a large load of the smart grid, a datacenter could be regarded as a potential demand response participant. Encouraging datacenters to participate in demand response programs can help the grid to achieve better load balancing effect, while the datacenter can also reduce its own power consumption so as to save electricity costs. In this paper, we designed a demand response participation strategy based on two-stage decisions to reduce the total cost of the datacenter while considering the DR requirements of the grid. The first stage determines whether to participate in demand response by predicting real-time electricity prices of the power grid and incentive information will be sent to encourage users to participate in the program to help shave the peak load. In the second stage, the datacenter interacts with its users by allowing users to submit bid information by reverse auction. Then, the datacenter selects the tasks of the winning users to postpone processing them with awards. Experimental results show that the proposed strategy could help the datacenter to reduce its cost and effectively meet the demand response requirements of the smart grid at the same time.

Preparing a framework for two-stage target-cost arrangement formulation

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pertti Lahdenperä
Keyword(s):  
Service Provider ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Target Cost ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Concrete Model

Purpose – Early involvement of the project team with the construction resources seems to be gaining popularity as it aims to improve the cost efficiency of a project as there is significantly more potential to influence the project solution at that point in time. The missing price during early involvement/selection and the principal-agent setting, however, tend to leave the project owner in doubt of the reasonableness of pricing when it is fixed only later after the joint design phase involving the service provider and the owner. The purpose of this paper is to find a solution for this challenge. Design/methodology/approach – A two-stage target-cost (2STC) arrangement has been proposed as the solution. In this model the service provider earns a bonus by suggesting a lower target cost than the reference set at the time of the involvement of the provider. The amount of bonus also impacts the cost over-run risk transferred to the service provider to avoid overly optimistic promises. The proposition encompassed just the basic idea, and did not really delve into actual model formulations and their functioning under practical realities. Therefore, the required work is presented here in the form of a conceptual, discursive study focusing on relevant theories and empirical findings from major investment projects. Findings – The study produces a requirement framework for the 2STC model to allow functioning models to be formulated and tested. The framework incorporates numerous requirements, constraints and a suggested path forward. For instance, while the model may not be manipulatable, it must incentivise the service provider to seek more cost-effective project solutions, be feasible also from the view of the project owner and adapt to various project risk profiles and ranges of efficiency improvements. Research limitations/implications – The study suggests more concrete model formulations to be provided under the guidance of the presented framework. Originality/value – The 2STC model is a unique concept and no comparable construct is known to exist. Besides the requirement framework, the study also strengthens the foundation of and need for the 2STC model by a thorough survey of its theoretical linkages. Accordingly, the study presented in this paper forms the second stage in the overall 2STC development process focused on benefiting project owners and the industry.

scholarly journals A METHODOLOGY FOR CYBER HYGIENE IN SMART GRIDS

10.6036/10085 ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-97
Author(s):  
Juan Carlos Olivares Rojas ◽  
ENRIQUE REYES ARCHUNDIA ◽  
JOSE ANTONIO GUTIERREZ GNECCHI ◽  
ARTURO MENDEZ PATIÑO ◽  
JAIME CERDA JACOBO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Human Factor ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Grid Security ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
External Threats ◽  
Human Aspects

Although smart grids offer multiple advantages over traditional grids, there are still challenges to overcome to ensure the quality of service and grid security. In particular, cybersecurity plays an essential role in ensuring grid operation reliability and resilience to external threats. The traditional approach to address cybersecurity issues generally does not consider the human factor as the main component. Recently, the concept of cyber hygiene has emerged, where social and human aspects are fundamental to reduce vulnerabilities and the risk of attacks and breaches. In a similar manner to personal hygiene, which greatly influences people’s health, considering the human factor (i.e., human behaviour, awareness, and training) as a critical cybersecurity component, can significantly improve human operator cybersecurity practices that in turn can result in improved cybersecurity performance. In this paper, the authors propose and test a methodology for implementing cyber hygiene practices in the context of Smart Grid systems, focused on smart metering systems. The results suggest that implementing cyber hygiene practices can improve smart meter cybersecurity and be suitable for implementing other sensitive Smart Grid components. Key Words: Cybersecurity, Cyber Hygiene, Internet of Things, Smart Grid, Smart Meters.

scholarly journals Smart metering system data analytics platform using multicore edge computing

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Juan C. Olivares-Rojas ◽  
Enrique Reyes-Archundia ◽  
José A. Gutiérrez-Gnecchi ◽  
Ismael Molina-Moreno ◽  
Adriana C. Téllez-Anguiano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Smart Grid ◽  
Data Processing ◽  
Data Analytics ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Edge Computing ◽  
Smart Meter ◽  
Smart Metering ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
System Data

The smart grid revolution has only been possible, thanks to the development and proliferation of smart meters. The increasingly growing computing capabilities for Internet of Things devices have made it possible for data to be processed directly from the devices where it is produced; this has been called edge computing. Edge computing is allowing the smart grid to become increasingly intelligent to solve problems that make electricity consumption more efficient and environmentally friendly. This work presents the implementation of a smart metering system that allows data analytics using a multiprocessing architecture directly on the smart meter. The results show that the development of smart meters with data analytics capabilities at the edge is a reality today, and the use of multiprocessing permits the improvement of data processing.

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