Occupational safety issues related to computer equipment installation, maintenance and use

This paper presents the findings of an ongoing INCDPM project developed in collaborations with BB Computers that addresses the occupational safety issues related to computer equipment installation, maintenance and use, with emphasis on risk identification. The method used was The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Using the chart flow and the list of items of this method, a literature search was conducted in Science Direct Freedom Collection, Elsevier database, Web of Science - Core Collection, Springer Link Journals. Keywords such as occupational risks, computer equipment installation, computer maintenance were used to retrieve relevant studies which explicitly reported on occupational risks related to computer equipment installation, maintenance and use. The literature search yielded 900 references, of which 20 articles were selected for full-text screening as specified by the inclusion criteria, and ultimately 10 were included in this review. It was developed an extensive and comprehensive list of occupational risks related to computer equipment installation, maintenance and use. After a classification of the equipment in calculation and processing equipment, electronic displays, printer, special printers network equipment the main risks identified in all categories mentioned above are as follows: electric shock, stress, high workload, slips and trips.

Iranian communities e-business challenges and value proposition design

Purpose This paper aims to identify and examine the internal and external factors that e-business communities in Iran grapple with within value proposition design. Design/methodology/approach Although the world and global economy have been vastly affected by the financial crisis and the competitive market, most businesses and trade lines are growing significantly by the power of online marketing and e-trades. However, this process is somehow different in the Iranian market. Using literature review and combining it with the casual-comparative method, this study first reviews the literature on the business model and value proposition design and then shows the main challenges Iranian entrepreneurs face in starting their e-business, especially at the time of severe economic, political sanction. Findings This paper attests to two categories of external and internal obstacles to entrepreneurs in the country. Some internal challenges point to obstacles and problems such as poor infrastructure in technology and network equipment, the security of personal data exchanges, improper infrastructure, including the speed of the internet and its bandwidth limit and lack of programming expertise. In the case of external barriers, this paper addresses the economic sanctions and restrictions that have been imposed on internet businesses. Originality/value In this study, the authors intend to identify the challenges of internet businesses in Iran and provide effective solutions for creating new value propositions resulting in rapid and sustainable economic growth.

Estimation of the potential of energy efficiency increase in SMARTGRID systems with prosum-ers based on electric vehicles

The modes of operation of power transformer substations 6 (20)/0.4 kV are analyzed. Scientific and technical solutions for the use of electric vehicles as prosumers of electric energy are substantiated. The potential influence of electric cars on electricity losses in "smart" electric networks is determined. Feasibility study of expediency of using electric mobiles as prosumers from the standpoint of loss reduction and efficiency of network equipment use is given. Quantitative indicators of the potential of equalization of the daily schedule of electric loads of the typical area of consumers of city electric networks are determined. The main indicator is the reduction of electricity losses in transformers by 7-10% compared with the existing ones when regulating the mode from the side of 0.4 kV with help of electric vehicles. Additionally, the possibility of increasing the capacity of electrical networks up to 45% identified.

Entropic model of network dynamics of clocking network synchronization

The main task of the clocking network synchronization (CNS) network subsystem is the formation, transmission, distribution and delivery of synchronization signals to the telecommunication system (TCS) digital equipment for the purpose of its coordinated interaction. Indicators of the telecommunication services quality are inextricably linked with the indicators of the CNS network functioning quality, in this regard, the process of monitoring and managing the CNS network comes to the fore for the purpose of prompt detection of failures and their subsequent elimination. The article provides an overview of the main classes of CNS network equipment and their diagnostic parameters, and also indicates the significant influence of the CNS network functioning process on the entire TCS functioning. To assess the technical condition of the CNS network an approach using the entropy analysis of the diagnostic parameters of the CNS network elements is proposed. The entropy model of the network dynamics is obtained in CNS work, which can later be used to develop a methodology for monitoring the technical condition of the CNS network. Using this model, it is possible to estimate not only the differential entropy of each CNS network element, but also to estimate the differential entropy of the entire CNS network or a separate fragment of the CNS network. Differential entropy parameters reflect the technical state of the CNS network.

Cost-Effective Data Aggregation Method for Smart Grid

Finding a more efficient use of energy is an important problem that needs attention. Compared with the traditional power grid, a smart grid can monitor users’ electricity situation and electricity consumption instantly. However, it involves many problems of deploying network equipment. Consequently, it is vital to promote smart grids by collecting data from smart meters efficiently and keeping costs low. In this article, we propose a two-stage method of data collection for smart grids. The main contribution of this paper is to lower the number of data aggregation points (DAPs) so that the cost can be reduced. By using the K-means method, an entire smart grid can be divided into many smaller parts. In addition, the needs of transmitting and receiving data in the entire smart grid can be met by installing the least number of DAPs. Finally, the simulations show that the proposed two-stage method of data collection can use fewer DAPs to collect data than other methods which use one-stage methods, so the proposed scheme is more cost-effective.

Research on the Architecture and Key Technology of Data Two-way Interactive Distribution Automation System

On the basis of analyzing and summarizing the current situation of the construction and use of distribution automation systems at home and abroad, according to the requirements of the use of distribution automation systems, a data two-way interactive distribution automation system architecture design is proposed. In response to the requirements for multi-source data collection in the distribution network, a distribution automation system architecture with partitioned collection and bidirectional data flow is proposed to improve the perception of distribution network equipment. Propose the self-recognition technology of power distribution system and terminal based on IEC61968 and IEC61850 model mapping to realize the fast access of power distribution terminal. Propose a grid integration modeling and global decision analysis method based on model splicing technology to realize multi-dimensional data fusion and analysis applications.

A Malware Distribution Simulator for the Verification of Network Threat Prevention Tools

With the expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT), security incidents about exploiting vulnerabilities in IoT devices have become prominent. However, due to the characteristics of IoT devices such as low power and low performance, it is difficult to apply existing security solutions to IoT devices. As a result, IoT devices have easily become targets for cyber attackers, and malware attacks on IoT devices are increasing every year. The most representative is the Mirai malware that caused distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks by creating a massive IoT botnet. Moreover, Mirai malware has been released on the Internet, resulting in increasing variants and new malicious codes. One of the ways to mitigate distributed denial of service attacks is to render the creation of massive IoT botnets difficult by preventing the spread of malicious code. For IoT infrastructure security, security solutions are being studied to analyze network packets going in and out of IoT infrastructure to detect threats, and to prevent the spread of threats within IoT infrastructure by dynamically controlling network access to maliciously used IoT devices, network equipment, and IoT services. However, there is a great risk to apply unverified security solutions to real-world environments. In this paper, we propose a malware simulation tool that scans vulnerable IoT devices assigned a private IP address, and spreads malicious code within IoT infrastructure by injecting malicious code download command into vulnerable devices. The malware simulation tool proposed in this paper can be used to verify the functionality of network threat detection and prevention solutions.

Assessment of the resistance of technical means of space systems and complexes to the effects of electrostatic discharges

In order to further improve the methods of protecting the onboard spacecraft equipment from the effects ofelectrostatic discharges, based on a comprehensive study of the problem of the occurrence of electrostatic discharges, theauthors carried out the studies described in this article to analyze the functioning of the onboard spacecraft equipment under the influence of electrostatic discharges. In the course of the research, the methodology for assessing the resistance ofthe onboard equipment of the spacecraft to the effects of electrostatic discharges was refined, based on the generalization of the calculation and analytical work. The analysis of the resistance of the onboard equipment of the spacecraft was carried out taking into account the main mechanisms of the effect of electrostatic discharges on the onboard space network. Taking into account the need to assess the resistance of the onboard space network equipment to electrostatic discharges outside real operating conditions, the authors assess the resistance of the onboard space network equipment on the basis of mathematical and physical modeling. Asaresult of the study, an algorithm was developed for assessing the resistance of the onboard equipment of a spacecraft to the effects of electrostatic discharges, which is described in detail in this article.