scholarly journals Design and Development of Smart Parking System Based on Fog Computing and Internet of Things

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (24) ◽  
pp. 3184
Author(s):  
Mohammed Balfaqih ◽  
Waheb Jabbar ◽  
Mashael Khayyat ◽  
Rosilah Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Arrival Time ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Fog Computing ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Failure Data ◽  
Parking Spot ◽  
Parking System ◽  
Smart Parking

Current parking systems employ a single gateway-centered solution (i.e., cloud) for data processing which leads to the possibility of a single point of failure, data loss, and high delays. Moreover, the parking-spot selection process considers criteria that do not maximize parking utilization and revenue. The pricing strategy does not achieve high revenue because a fixed pricing rate is utilized. To address these issues, this paper proposes a smart parking system based on the Internet of Things (IoT) that provides useful information to drivers and parking administrators about available parking spots and related services such as parking navigation, reservation, and availability estimation. A multi-layer architecture is developed that consists of multiple sensor nodes, and fog and cloud computing layers. The acquired parking data are processed through fog computing nodes to facilitate obtaining the required real-time parking data. A novel algorithm to obtain the optimal parking spot with the minimum arrival time is also presented. Proof-of-concept implementation and simulation evaluations are conducted to validate the system performance. The findings show that the system reduces the parking arrival time by 16%–46% compared to current parking systems. In addition, the revenue is increased for the parking authority by 10%–15%.

scholarly journals A study of remotely booking slot for vehicle using Internet of Things

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 5392
Author(s):  
S. Metilda Florence ◽  
M. Uma ◽  
C. Fancy ◽  
G. Saranya
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
Cost Information ◽  
System A ◽  
Parking System ◽  
Car Park ◽  
Smart Parking ◽  
The Cost

Internet Of Things (IoT) is a continually growing area which aids us to unite diverse objects. The proposed system exhibits the universal notion of utilizing cloud-based intellectual automotive car parking facilities in smart cities as a notable implementation of the IoT. Such services demonstrate to be a noteworthy part of the IoT and thus serving users in no small amount due to its pure commerce positioned qualities. Electromagnetic fields are being used by RFID to detect and track tags ascribed to objects automatically. The RFID technology is used in this system along with suitable IoT protocols to evade human interference, which reduces the cost. Information is bartered using readers and tags. RFID and IoT technologies are mainly used to automate the guide systems and make them strong and more accurate. Open Service Gateways can be effectively used for this module. This system established on the consequence of IoT and the purposes are solving the chaos, bewilderment, and extensive backlogs in parking spaces like malls and business parks that are customary as a consequence of the increased use of automobiles. The proposed work aims to solve these problems and offer car drivers a hassle-free and instantaneous car parking experience. While a number of nodes are positioned depends on topographical restrictions, positioning of prominent anchor sensor nodes in the smart parking is a primary factor against which the efficiency and cost of the parking system hang. A Raspberry Pi would act as a mini-computer in our system. A suitable smallest path methodology would be cast-off to obtain the shortest distance between the user and every car park in the system. Hence, the pausing time of the user is decreased. This work furthermore includes the practice of remotely booking of a slot with the collaboration of android application exercising smartphones for the communication between the Smart Parking system and the user.

scholarly journals Smart Parking with Fair Selection and Imposing Higher Privacy Constraints in Parking Owner and Driver Information

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-20
Author(s):  
Vivekanadam B
Keyword(s):  
Privacy Protection ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Bloom Filters ◽  
Willingness To Participate ◽  
Group Signatures ◽  
Parking Spot ◽  
Parking System ◽  
Parking Lot ◽  
Smart Parking ◽  
Privacy Constraints

The use of private cars has enhanced the comfort of travel of individuals, but has proven to be a challenge for parking in congested downtown areas and metropolitans. This hike in the vehicle count has led to difficulty among the drivers to find a parking spot, exploiting resources and time. On the other hand, there are many idle private parking spots that remain inaccessible because of multiple reasons like unavailable owners, different open timings and so on. In order to prevent parking issues as well as to enable the use of private parking spots, smart parking applications that are easy to use by the drivers will prove to be highly effective. However, most parking lot owners and drivers face the threat of privacy which affects their willingness to participate while many others are located in a centralized location where the presence of malicious users is in plenty. In this proposed work, we have introduced a smart-parking system that is based on blockchain exhibiting qualities of privacy protection, reliability and fairness. To protect the privacy of users, vector-based encryption, bloom filters and group signatures are also insisted. This has helped us establish a more reliable smart parking system coupled with fair operation for smart contact. Experimental analysis of the real-world dataset indicates that the proposed work operates with high efficiency, establishing privacy protection, reliability and fairness.

PENERAPAN IoT (Internet of Things) SMART PARKING SYSTEM DAN PENDETEKSI KEBAKARAN DENGAN FITUR MONITORING

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 261-267
Author(s):  
Marvelina Gracia Hernoko ◽  
Suryo Adi Wibowo ◽  
Nurlaily Vendyansyah
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Combustible Gas ◽  
Parking System ◽  
Gas Detector ◽  
Smart Parking ◽  
Tape Measurement

Sistem parkir yang ada pada saat ini masih bergantung pada petugas-petugas parkir untuk mengarahkan pengemudi menuju slot parkir. Salah satunya seperti di Mall Olympic Garden Malang, dimana petugas-petugas parkir masih mengarahkan pengemudi menuju slot parkir yang masih tersedia. Selain itu, lahan parkir sering kali tidak memperhatikan kapasistas yang dimiliki oleh suatu bangunan. Selain itu, beberapa lokasi parkir masih belum terdapat sistem pendeteksi kebakaran. Bedasarkan masalah tersebut maka perlu dikembangkan sebuah sistem parkir dimana sistem tersebut dapat memberikan informasi ketersediaan slot parkir. Pengembangan sistem ini juga menambahkan sistem pendeteksi kebakaran pada area parkir karena lokasi parkir yang biasanya terletak dalam gedung dan tertutup. Sistem ini menerapkan teknologi internet of things yang diharapkan dapat menjadi solusi dari permasalahan sistem parkir. Pengujian terhadap sensor ultrasonik dilakukan dengan cara membandingkan jarak dari hasil pembacaan sensor dengan tape measurement. Hasil pengujian terhadap sensor ultrasonik pada slot parkir mendapatkan rata-rata persentase error 2.75%. Pengujian sensor MQ-7 dilakukan dengan cara membandingkan hasil pembacaan kadar kepekatan asap pada sensor dengan alat ukur Combustible Gas Detector 602, dengan rata-rata persentase error 1.60%. Pengujian sensor MQ-135 dilakukan dengan cara membandingkan hasil pembacaan kadar kepekatan asap pada sensor dengan alat ukur Combustible Gas Detector 602, dengan rata-rata persentase error yaitu 1.51%.

Exploring IoT-Enabled Smart Transportation System

2019 ◽  
pp. 186-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sushruta Mishra ◽  
Shikha Patel ◽  
Amiya Ranjan Ranjan Panda ◽  
Brojo Kishore Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Transportation System ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Smart Transportation ◽  
Parking Spot ◽  
Parking System ◽  
Traffic Scenario ◽  
Smart Parking ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Real Time Information

Internet of Things (IoT) is a platform that makes a device smart such that every day communication becomes more informative. A Smart Transportation system basically consists of three components which include smart roads, smart vehicles and a smart parking system. Smart roads are used to describe roads that use sensors and IoT technology which makes driving safer and greener. Smart parking system involves an automated system model that can assist the drivers in selecting the suitable parking spot for them. The data that the system collects will be sent for some analysis. It provides real time information to drivers about various aspects of transportation like weather conditions, traffic scenario, road safety, parking space, and many other things. A well-built Smart Transportation system reduces the risk of accidents, improves safety, increases capacity, reduces fuel consumption, and enhances overall comfort and performance for drivers. Our chapter deals with the in-depth discussion of these various aspects of a smart transportation system enabled with IoT technology.

Cloud Based Smart Parking System

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 1578-1583
Author(s):  
V. Sathya ◽  
Bheemanadham ◽  
Surya Sai ◽  
Arpit Tharad ◽  
Ayush Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Communities ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Parking Space ◽  
Parking Spot ◽  
Parking System ◽  
Car Park ◽  
Smart Parking ◽  
Internet Of Things Technology

Lately, the idea of brilliant urban communities has increased awesome notoriety. Parking becomes one of the tedious tasks in our day to day life. Many efforts have been done in this field to solve parking based problems like traffic congestion, limited parking space, high parking charges, and the most basic problem is to find nearby parking space. In this paper, we proposed an algorithm that increases the efficiency of the current cloud-based smart parking system and develops a network architecture based on Internet-Of-Things technology. Our proposed system helps users automatically find a free parking space at the least cost based on new performance metrics to calculate the user parking cost by considering the distance from the user to parking area and the total number of free places in each car park. A mobile application is provided that navigate the user to the free parking space based on the efficiency based on distance and cost. This cost will be utilized to offer an answer of finding an accessible parking spot upon a demand by the client and an answer of proposing another car park if the present park is full.

Smart Parking System Based on Wireless Sensor Network for Large Parking Lots

2012 ◽  
Vol 195-196 ◽  
pp. 889-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Yan Zhang ◽  
Li Ping Zhou ◽  
Wen Yu Cai
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Node ◽  
Transmission Function ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Transmission Protocol ◽  
Parking Space ◽  
Congested Area ◽  
Parking System ◽  
Parking Lot ◽  
Smart Parking

In China, finding a vacant parking space in a congested area or a large parking lot is always time consuming and frustrating. To minimize hassle and inconvenience to the automatic drivers, this paper proposed a novel smart parking system which consists of many parking sensor nodes and one parking gateway in one large parking lot. Parking sensor node is used as vehicle occupancy detector and parking gateway is used as parking lot manager. All parking sensor nodes compose wireless sensor networks with Zigbee transmission protocol. With the GPRS/3G transmission function of parking gateway, large parking lot can provide friendly parking information to the running vehicles and subscribed users. In a word, the proposed novel smart parking system is provided with innovative and practicability.

scholarly journals Smart Vehicular Parking System

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 4039-4043
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Cloud Storage ◽  
Specific Aspect ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Parking Space ◽  
Parking Spot ◽  
Parking System ◽  
Growing Population

In today’s world, ever growing population adds up increasing numbers of cars. Especially, in metro cities with limited spaces for parking, innovative measures are the need of the hour. Our paper focuses on this specific aspect of acute shortage of parking spaces. In this paper, we are proposing a smart vehicular parking model, that takes into account registered or non-registered users parking at the same time. Additionally, it also takes help of image processing to classify the available space based on the size of the vehicle, making it an optimized real-time parking prototype. Using RFID to authenticate each user, the model uses Internet of Things (IoT), cloud storage to makes it convenient for each and every individual to locate and remotely book a parking spot via a smartphone. It works to its full potential by securing cashless transaction via e-wallet. The efficiency of our prototype has been further established by improving parking area by 28 % under any given circumstance. Hence this novel idea excels in every aspect by providing an optimized parking space.

scholarly journals IOT Based Smart Parking System

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VII) ◽  
pp. 1311-1318
Author(s):  
H. Venkatesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Communication Technology ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Scheduling Algorithm ◽  
Parking Space ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
Rfid Tag ◽  
Parking Spot ◽  
Ir Sensors ◽  
Parking System ◽  
Smart Parking

In This project we are designing an IoT based Smart parking system that integrates with mobile Application. It provides a comprehensive parking solution both for the user and owner of the parking space. Features are provided for reserving a parking space, authenticating a reserved user, identifying nearest free space depending on the size of the vehicle, navigating to the parking slot and computes accounts information on daily, weekly and monthly basis. IR sensors are used to identify if a parking spot is free. Availability of a free slot with its location information is transmitted using WIFI module technology, microcontroller and wireless communication technology to the server and is retrieved though a mobile application. RFID tag attached to a vehicle is used to authenticate a user who reserves the parking slot on an hourly, daily, weekly or monthly basis. A scheduling algorithm is used to identify the nearest free slot based on the size of a vehicle. The owner of the parking space can get the analytics of the number of free and available slots for a given period, the occupancy rate on week days and weekend and the amount collected for a given period and can use it for fixing variable parking fees. The mobile application is designed to provide rich customer experience.

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