scholarly journals Security in Low Powered Wide Area Networks: Opportunities for Software Defined Network-Supported Solutions

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaurav Pathak ◽  
Jairo Gutierrez ◽  
Saeed Ur Rehman
Keyword(s):  
Patient Monitoring ◽  
Wide Area ◽  
Wide Area Networks ◽  
Range Data ◽  
Software Defined Network ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
Iot Applications ◽  
Hostile Environments ◽  
Efficient Mechanisms ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The Internet of things (IoT) has revolutionized the use of connectivity and has given birth to new transmission technologies to satisfy the requirements of diverse IoT applications. Low powered wide area networks (LPWAN) is one of those transmission technologies, and is becoming exceptionally useful for IoT applications. The nodes use energy-efficient mechanisms for long-range data transmission (10–20 km), lasting in hostile environments for years and making them suitable for IoT applications such as environmental monitoring, automated billing systems, smart homes, smart offices, and patient monitoring. However, LPWAN devices have minimal resources, which makes it challenging to provide promising security to devices and data in the network. In this paper, we discuss the security mechanisms used in current LPWAN technologies along with their vulnerabilities and possible attacks on them. A detailed literature review is conducted on existing solutions on the security of constrained IoT networks similar to LPWAN using different networking frameworks. The reviewed literature is then compared based on various network security measures addressed by them. In addition, the emergence of software defined network (SDN) architecture for security in IoT is explained based on literature. Finally, the applicability of SDN in LPWAN security, its opportunities, and challenges in implementation are discussed.

scholarly journals Energy Efficiency in Short and Wide-Area IoT Technologies—A Survey

Technologies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Eljona Zanaj ◽  
Giuseppe Caso ◽  
Luca De Nardis ◽  
Alireza Mohammadpour ◽  
Özgü Alay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Wide Area ◽  
Wide Area Networks ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Extensive Review ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
The Internet Of Things

In the last years, the Internet of Things (IoT) has emerged as a key application context in the design and evolution of technologies in the transition toward a 5G ecosystem. More and more IoT technologies have entered the market and represent important enablers in the deployment of networks of interconnected devices. As network and spatial device densities grow, energy efficiency and consumption are becoming an important aspect in analyzing the performance and suitability of different technologies. In this framework, this survey presents an extensive review of IoT technologies, including both Low-Power Short-Area Networks (LPSANs) and Low-Power Wide-Area Networks (LPWANs), from the perspective of energy efficiency and power consumption. Existing consumption models and energy efficiency mechanisms are categorized, analyzed and discussed, in order to highlight the main trends proposed in literature and standards toward achieving energy-efficient IoT networks. Current limitations and open challenges are also discussed, aiming at highlighting new possible research directions.

scholarly journals Adaptive Data Synchronization Algorithm for IoT-Oriented Low-Power Wide-Area Networks

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 4053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Petroni ◽  
Francesca Cuomo ◽  
Leonisio Schepis ◽  
Mauro Biagi ◽  
Marco Listanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Mobile Communications ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Wide Area ◽  
Wide Area Networks ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
File Synchronization ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The Internet of Things (IoT) is by now very close to be realized, leading the world towards a new technological era where people’s lives and habits will be definitively revolutionized. Furthermore, the incoming 5G technology promises significant enhancements concerning the Quality of Service (QoS) in mobile communications. Having billions of devices simultaneously connected has opened new challenges about network management and data exchange rules that need to be tailored to the characteristics of the considered scenario. A large part of the IoT market is pointing to Low-Power Wide-Area Networks (LPWANs) representing the infrastructure for several applications having energy saving as a mandatory goal besides other aspects of QoS. In this context, we propose a low-power IoT-oriented file synchronization protocol that, by dynamically optimizing the amount of data to be transferred, limits the device level of interaction within the network, therefore extending the battery life. This protocol can be adopted with different Layer 2 technologies and provides energy savings at the IoT device level that can be exploited by different applications.

scholarly journals A Framework for Constructing a Secure Domain of Sensor Nodes

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 2797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Furtak ◽  
Zieliński ◽  
Chudzikiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
Wireless Sensor Nodes ◽  
Software Configuration ◽  
Critical Areas ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
Trusted Platform ◽  
Hostile Environments ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Application of the Internet of Things (IoT) in some critical areas (e.g., military) is limited mainly due to the lack of robust, secure, and trusted measures needed to ensure the availability, confidentiality, and integrity of information throughout its lifecycle. Considering the mostly limited resources of IoT devices connected by wireless networks and their dynamic placement in unsupervised or even hostile environments, security is a complex and considerable issue. In this paper, a framework which encompasses an approach to integrate some security measures to build a so-called “secure domain of sensors nodes” is proposed. The framework is based on the use of the Trusted Platform Modules (TPMs) in wireless sensor nodes. It encompasses an architecture of sensor nodes, their roles in the domain, and the data structures as well as the developed procedures which could be applied to generate the credentials for the sensor nodes, and subsequently, to build a local trust structure of each node as well as to build a trust relationship between a domain’s nodes. The proposed solution ensures the authentication of sensor nodes and their resistance against unauthorized impact with the hardware/software configuration allowing protection against malware that can infect the software. The usefulness of the presented framework was confirmed experimentally.

scholarly journals A survey on low-power wide area networks for IoT applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mncedisi Bembe ◽  
Adnan Abu-Mahfouz ◽  
Moshe Masonta ◽  
Tembisa Ngqondi
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Wide Area ◽  
Wide Area Networks ◽  
Iot Applications

scholarly journals TRILO: A Traffic Indication-Based Downlink Communication Protocol for LoRaWAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youngjune Oh ◽  
Jongwon Lee ◽  
Chong-Kwon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Communication Protocol ◽  
Power Saving ◽  
Wide Area ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Wide Area Network ◽  
Iot Applications ◽  
Operating Environments ◽  
Network Technologies ◽  
The Internet Of Things

LPWAN (Low-Power Wide Area Network) technologies such as LoRa and SigFox are emerging as a technology of choice for the Internet of Things (IoT) applications where tens of thousands of untethered devices are deployed over a wide area. In such operating environments, energy conservation is one of the most crucial concerns and network protocols adopt various power saving schemes to lengthen device lifetimes. For example, to avoid idle listening, LoRaWAN restricts downlink communications. However, the confined design philosophy impedes the deployment of IoT applications that require asynchronous downlink communications. In this paper, we design and implement an energy efficient downlink communication mechanism, named TRILO, for LoRaWAN. We aim to make TRILO be energy efficient while obeying an unavoidable trade-off that balances between latency and energy consumption. TRILO adopts a beacon mechanism that periodically alerts end-devices which have pending downlink frames. We implement the proposed protocol on top of commercially available LoRaWAN components and confirm that the protocol operates properly in real-world experiments. Experimental results show that TRILO successfully transmits downlink frames without losses while uplink traffic suffers from a slight increase in latency because uplink transmissions should halt during beacons and downlink transmissions. Computer simulation results also show that the proposed scheme is more energy efficient than the legacy LoRaWAN downlink protocol.

scholarly journals A Lightweight Trust Scheme for Iot

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.34) ◽  
pp. 241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr S. Chithra ◽  
Dr N. Bhalaji ◽  
S Nandini
Keyword(s):  
Elliptic Curve Cryptography ◽  
Real Life ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
Security Attacks ◽  
Sensors And Actuators ◽  
Iot Applications ◽  
Blom's Scheme ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to system in which smart objects interact with each other with the aid of sensors and actuators through wired/wireless connection. When an IoT concept is implemented for real life application, the possibility of the system being attacked increases. The security measures have to be improved to prevent the attacks.  This paper introduces light weight security schemes for authentication and encryption.  This system uses Blom’s scheme for authentication and Elliptic curve cryptography for encryption. Both these schemes are claimed to be light weight and hence is applicable of IoT applications which is a constrained environment.  These security schemes are applied for healthcare system. The system is proved to be strong against the security attacks. 

scholarly journals Low Power Wide Area Networks: A Survey of Enabling Technologies, Applications and Interoperability Needs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
qahhar muhammad qadir ◽  
Tarik A. Rashid ◽  
Nawzad K. Al-Salihi ◽  
Brzo Ismael ◽  
Alexander A. Kist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Service Use ◽  
Wide Area ◽  
Wide Area Networks ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
Iot Applications ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Data Rates ◽  
Wide Range

<div>Low-power wide area (LPWA) technologies are strongly recommended as the underlying</div><div>networks for Internet of Things (IoT) applications. They offer attractive features, including wide-range</div><div>coverage, long battery life, and low data rates. This paper reviews the current trends in this technology,</div><div>with an emphasis on the services it provides and the challenges it faces. The industrial paradigms for LPWA</div><div>implementation are presented. Compared with other work in the field, this paper focuses on the need for</div><div>integration among different LPWA technologies and recommends the appropriate LPWA solutions for a</div><div>wide range of IoT application and service use cases. Opportunities created by these technologies in the</div><div>market are also analyzed. The latest research efforts to investigate and improve the operation of LPWA</div><div>networks are also compared and classified to enable researchers to quickly get up to speed on the current</div><div>status of this technology. Finally, challenges facing LPWA are identified and directions for future research</div><div>are recommended.</div>

scholarly journals Low Power Wide Area Networks: A Survey of Enabling Technologies, Applications and Interoperability Needs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
qahhar muhammad qadir ◽  
Tarik A. Rashid ◽  
Nawzad K. Al-Salihi ◽  
Brzo Ismael ◽  
Alexander A. Kist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Service Use ◽  
Wide Area ◽  
Wide Area Networks ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
Iot Applications ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Data Rates ◽  
Wide Range

<div>Low-power wide area (LPWA) technologies are strongly recommended as the underlying</div><div>networks for Internet of Things (IoT) applications. They offer attractive features, including wide-range</div><div>coverage, long battery life, and low data rates. This paper reviews the current trends in this technology,</div><div>with an emphasis on the services it provides and the challenges it faces. The industrial paradigms for LPWA</div><div>implementation are presented. Compared with other work in the field, this paper focuses on the need for</div><div>integration among different LPWA technologies and recommends the appropriate LPWA solutions for a</div><div>wide range of IoT application and service use cases. Opportunities created by these technologies in the</div><div>market are also analyzed. The latest research efforts to investigate and improve the operation of LPWA</div><div>networks are also compared and classified to enable researchers to quickly get up to speed on the current</div><div>status of this technology. Finally, challenges facing LPWA are identified and directions for future research</div><div>are recommended.</div>

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