scholarly journals Simulation and Characteristics Analysis of Multiple Wind Generators in Large-Scale Wind Farms Based on Simplified Model

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1994
Author(s):  
Jing Wang ◽  
Guopeng Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Generator System ◽  
Transient Model ◽  
Electromagnetic Transient ◽  
Wind Generator ◽  
Wind Generators ◽  
Simulation Speed ◽  
Output Characteristics

In the view of the high complexity and a large amount of data of the electromagnetic transient model for the single wind generator, it is difficult to realize the multi-unit simulation modeling of large-scale wind farms by power system simulation software. In this paper, the simplified models of single direct drive and doubly-fed wind generator system are proposed, respectively. In order to study the output characteristics of the wind generator system, the components with small inertia constant in the electromagnetic transient model are neglected, and the shafting model, the converter model, and the control loops are simplified and reduced, respectively. Based on the study of the single electromagnetic transient model of wind generators, the simplified simulation models are built by the PSCAD (Power Systems Computer Aided Design) simulation platform, which are carried out under the conditions of constant wind speed, step wind speed, and fault. The output characteristics of the simplified models under different working conditions are compared in detail models. The simulation results show that, within the allowable calculation accuracy range, the dynamic response curves of the single simplified model and the electromagnetic transient model are consistent. The simulation speed can be significantly improved, the time consumption can be reduced, and the simulation speed can be increased more obviously when the number of simulation models increases. Therefore, it can be applied to the simulation research of multi-wind generators in large-scale wind farms.

CALCULATION OF THE PARAMETERS OF THE WIND TURBINE ROTOR TEMPERATURE SENSOR

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-149
Author(s):  
Alina Fazylova
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Temperature Sensor ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Turbine Rotor ◽  
Correct Selection ◽  
Temperature Control System ◽  
Working Pressure ◽  
Generator System ◽  
Wind Generator ◽  
The Brain

Today, all the processes associated with technology, mainly operate in autonomous modes, so devices such as a temperature sensor are a must. Since technical progress is taking place in industry and production by leaps and bounds, all equipment most often used in various kinds of processes and work has an automatic principle of operation [1] However, for productive work, albeit automated units, it is necessary to comply with all the exact indicators at which the device's performance will be the highest. These indicators include values, namely the required, more precisely, the working pressure, speed, and temperature. To prevent rapid wear and overload of automated equipment, the temperature level must be measured. Of course, this is not done with a simple thermometer or thermometer. For these purposes, special devices are used, such as temperature sensors. Wind power is one of the most important renewable energy solutions. As a rule, wind farms are located far from civilization, in remote regions - in hilly areas, on the sea coast [2]. These types of terrain are chosen because wind energy becomes profitable only under conditions that allow obtaining the maximum amount of wind throughout the year. However, the harsher environment calls for more sophisticated wind turbines, usually consisting of towers, blades, hubs and nacelles. To ensure control over all parts of the wind turbine, companies install controllers near the tower. A wind generator controller, like a PLC, is the brain of any wind generator, providing control over the system as a whole, the ability to generate reports and monitoring. The generator must be controlled and programmed; without a controller, it couldn't work correctly. For this reason, the controllers must be connected to a single system for remote monitoring, power generation reporting, parameter monitoring and diagnostic maintenance [3].This article provides an algorithm for calculating a temperature sensor for its correct selection for a wind generator system, which will subsequently be used for a temperature control system in a generator system.

scholarly journals Resonance Stability Analysis of Large-Scale Wind Power Bases with Type-IV Wind Generators

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 5220
Author(s):  
Facai Xing ◽  
Zheng Xu ◽  
Zheren Zhang ◽  
Yangqing Dan ◽  
Yanwei Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Wind Power ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Negative Resistance ◽  
Resonance Mode ◽  
Resonance Structure ◽  
Power Bases ◽  
Impedance Model ◽  
Wind Generators ◽  
Type Iv

To guarantee the reliable and efficient development of wind power generation, oscillation problems in large-scale wind power bases with Type-IV generators are investigated from the view of resonance stability in this paper. Firstly, the transfer characteristics of disturbances in Type-IV wind generators are analyzed to establish their impedance model, based on the balance principle of frequency components. Subsequently, considering the dynamic characteristics of the transmission network and the interaction among several wind farms, the resonance structure of a practical wind power base is analyzed based on the s-domain nodal admittance matrix method. Furthermore, the unstable mechanism of the resonance mode is further illustrated by the negative-resistance effect theory. Finally, the established impedance model of the Type-IV wind generator and the resonance structure analysis results of the wind power bases are verified through the time-domain electro-magnetic transient simulation in PSCAD/EMTDC. Case studies indicate that there is a certain resonance instability risk in large-scale wind power bases in a frequency range of 1–100 Hz, and the unstable resonance mode is strongly related to the negative-resistance effect and the capacitive effect of Type-IV wind generators.

scholarly journals The Explicit Wake Parametrisation V1.0: a wind farm parametrisation in the mesoscale model WRF

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 3481-3522 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. H. Volker ◽  
J. Badger ◽  
A. N. Hahmann ◽  
S. Ott
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Mesoscale Model ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Offshore Wind Farms ◽  
Eddy Simulation ◽  
Large Eddy

Abstract. We describe the theoretical basis, implementation and validation of a new parametrisation that accounts for the effect of large offshore wind farms on the atmosphere and can be used in mesoscale and large-scale atmospheric models. This new parametrisation, referred to as the Explicit Wake Parametrisation (EWP), uses classical wake theory to describe the unresolved wake expansion. The EWP scheme is validated against filtered in situ measurements from two meteorological masts situated a few kilometres away from the Danish offshore wind farm Horns Rev I. The simulated velocity deficit in the wake of the wind farm compares well to that observed in the measurements and the velocity profile is qualitatively similar to that simulated with large eddy simulation models and from wind tunnel studies. At the same time, the validation process highlights the challenges in verifying such models with real observations.

scholarly journals Transient Stability Enhancement of Wind Generator by PWM Voltage Source Converter and Chopper Controlled SMES Unit

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. I. Sheikh ◽  
A. B. M. Nasiruzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Transient Stability ◽  
Magnetic Energy ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Voltage Source ◽  
Transient Condition ◽  
Voltage Source Converter ◽  
Generator System ◽  
Pulse Width Modulated ◽  
Wind Generator

In order to investigate the impacts of the integration of wind farms into utility networks, transient stability should be analyzed before connecting wind turbine generator system (WTGS) to the power system. This paper proposes a robust controller for Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) unit to enhance the transient stability of a grid connected fixed speed wind generator system. In the proposed controller, both SMES active and reactive powers are controlled to decrease the fluctuations of output power and terminal voltage of the wind generator during transient condition. The power conversion system (PCS) of SMES unit used in this paper is composed of a sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulated Voltage Source Converter (PWM-VSC) and a two-quadrant DC-DC chopper using Insulated Gate turn-off Bipolar Transistors (IGBT). Stability during symmetrical and unsymmetrical faults in the network system is analyzed.   The effects of the faults on the generator dynamics are also discussed clearly. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed SMES controller is very effective for stabilizing wind generator as well as the entire power system. Keywords:  Fixed speed wind generator system; Transient analysis; System faults; PWM-VSC; DC-DC chopper and SMES unit.© 2009 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v1i2.2281

scholarly journals Improved Collecting Line Current Protection Scheme against Large-scale Wind Generators Tripping off

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Jin ◽  
Yuping Lu ◽  
Tao Huang
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Melting Time ◽  
Security Risk ◽  
Line Current ◽  
Protection Scheme ◽  
Wind Generators

There have been several cases of large-scale wind generators (WGs) tripping off caused by untimely fault removing in recent years. Currently, the discoordination between the box-type transformer fuse protection (BTFP) and two-section collecting line current protection (CLCP) brings a security risk to wind farm. In order to ensure the selectivity, the first section (Sec-I) CLCP should be set a enough interval that is longer than the fuse melting time, and another interval is set for the Sec-II CLCP, which weakens the speed of the CLCP. When a fault occurs on the collecting line, there is no doubt that WGs cannot work too long in abnormal operation, which may cause WGs to be placed off the grid. For a power system with high penetration of wind power, large-scale WGs tripping off will cause a great power shortage, and affect the stability of the power system. The selectivity and sensitivity of the CLCP is analyzed in detail to make the CLCP speed better. Considering the fault ride-through ability of WGs, the fault clear time is an important factor to lead to large-scale WGs tripping off. Two main works are done in this paper. The first is to accelerate the speed of the Sec-I CLCP though reducing the protection zone. Another one is introduce the risk assessment module into the CLCP, which not only improve the speed of the CLCP but also ensure the safety of the wind farm during faults. According to the deference in trip-off causes of WGs, the matching functions are created to assess the trip-off risk of WGs on the spot. In the case of fault, the trip-off risk indicators of WGs are timely updated to data sharing center and open to the CLCPs. The set of risk indicators is divided into several subsets according to the risk range. The dynamic changes of the subsets during fault help to improved CLCP scheme. This scheme can accelerate protection speed based on the increasing risk of large-scale WGs tripping off in wind farms. Compared with traditional CLCP, this approach can make the CLCP combines selectivity and speed better based on the analysis of the ride- through ability of WGs.

Hybrid electromechanical-electromagnetic simulation to SVC controller based on ADPSS platform

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 112-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Xu ◽  
Yong-Hong Tang ◽  
Wei Pu ◽  
Yang Han
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Electromagnetic Simulation ◽  
Hybrid Power Systems ◽  
Transient Model ◽  
Electromagnetic Transient ◽  
Time Simulation ◽  
And Control

To test the dynamic performance and damping features of a static var compensator (SVC) controller accurately in large-scale interconnected AC/DC hybrid power systems, it is of vital significance to build the detailed electromagnetic transient model. However, it is unrealistic and time-consuming to build the detailed models of all the devices in the actual large-scale power grid. Utilizing the hybrid simulation function in the advanced digital power system simulator (ADPSS) and by dividing the large-scale power grid into the electromagnetic transient sub-grids and electromechanical sub-grids, the computation speed of real-time simulation is remarkably enhanced by the parallel computational capabilities of digital simulator. The SVC controller and the nearby substation are modelled in the electromagnetic transient sub-grid, and the residue sub-networks are modelled in the electromechanical sub-grid. This paper focuses on the mechanism of the hybrid electromechanical and electromagnetic simulation, the detailed modelling and the ADPSS-based digital closed-loop test methodologies of the SVC controller. Eventually, the validity and effectiveness of the modelling and control methods are confirmed by the experimental results.

scholarly journals Enhanced Efficient EMT-Type Model of the MMCs Based on Arm Equivalence

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 8421
Author(s):  
Xiaodong Li ◽  
Zheng Xu
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Type Model ◽  
Computationally Efficient ◽  
Simulation Accuracy ◽  
Electromagnetic Transient ◽  
Hvdc System ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Simulation Speed

The large number of switching elements in modular multilevel converters (MMCs) contribute a tremendous computational burden for electromagnetic transient (EMT) simulation programs. Detailed equivalent models (DEMs) and average value model (AVMs) are currently two major types of accurate and efficient model. However, the DEMs are still computationally inefficient for the simulation scenarios in large-scale MMC based high-voltage direct current (MMC-HVDC) grids, as the models represent all submodule (SMs) switching events, and memorize all individual capacitor voltages. Though the AVMs provide a faster simulation speed by using a single equivalent capacitor on the DC side, they have a relatively low simulation accuracy compared to DEMs, especially under blocked mode. This paper proposes an enhanced computationally efficient model based on arm equivalence (AEM), which can accurately represent the dynamic behaviors in both de-blocked and blocked modes. Compared to the DEMs, the proposed AEM is more efficient, with no loss of accuracy, and the simulation speed is irrespective of the SM number. The accuracy and computational efficiency of the proposed model were validated against the DEM and AVM through several simulation scenarios in a two-terminal MMC-HVDC system on the power systems computer aided design/ electromagnetic transient in DC system (PSCAD/EMTDC) program.

Electromagnetic - Electromechanical Transient Hybrid Simulation of Deyang-Baoji HVDC System Based on ADPSS

2013 ◽  
Vol 805-806 ◽  
pp. 935-940
Author(s):  
Fan Tang ◽  
Guo Liang Su ◽  
Dong Xiang Li ◽  
Yu Hong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Hybrid Simulation ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Transient Simulation ◽  
Power System Simulation ◽  
Electromagnetic Transient ◽  
Hvdc System ◽  
Simulation Speed ◽  
Electromagnetic Transient Simulation ◽  
Scale Grid

three kinds of digital programs used in power system simulation are summarized in this paper. The electromagnetic and electromechanical transient simulation software ADPSS is introduced. Electromagnetic transient simulation, electromechanical transient simulation and electromagnetic-electromechanical transient hybrid simulation are performed respectively on Deyang-Baoji ±500KV HVDC system. The simulation result shows that the electromagnetic-electromechanical transient hybrid simulation has the advantage of electromagnetic transient simulation and electromechanical transient simulation. It can effectively analyze the process of the local electromagnetic transient in large-scale grid. The simulation speed is fast and the result is accurate and reliable.

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