scholarly journals An Income Distributing Optimization Model for Cooperative Operation among Different Types of Power Sellers Considering Different Scenarios

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shenbo Yang ◽  
Zhongfu Tan ◽  
Liwei Ju ◽  
Hongyu Lin ◽  
Gejirifu De ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Income Distribution ◽  
Optimization Model ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Calculation Model ◽  
Net Income

To alleviate the shortcomings of large-scale grid connections for clean energy, which require stable thermoelectric units to provide backup services, a stable cooperative alliance among different energy types of power sellers must be established. Consequently, a reasonable method to distribute income is required, due to different contributions of each entity in the alliance. Therefore, this paper constructs a comprehensive correction algorithm for income distribution using an improved Shapely value method. We analyze the operating mode of the power seller, and establish the net income calculation model under both independent and alliance operations. We then establish an alliance operation optimization model that considers the constraints of unit output, as well as the balance between supply and demand, with the goal of maximizing income. Finally, an industrial park in a province of northern China is taken as an example to verify the model’s practicability and effectiveness. The results show that the power sales alliance can effectively promote clean energy consumption. The maximum reduction in thermal power generation and CO2 is 8510 MW and 684.515 tons, respectively. We apply the algorithm to income distribution and find that the thermal power seller’s income increased by ¥1,463,870, which enhances the stability of the alliance. Therefore, our income distributing optimization model guarantees the interests of each participant to the greatest extent, and serves as an important reference for income distribution.

scholarly journals Modelling of supply and demand-side determinants of liquefied petroleum gas consumption in peri-urban Cameroon, Ghana and Kenya

Nature Energy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Shupler ◽  
Judith Mangeni ◽  
Theresa Tawiah ◽  
Edna Sang ◽  
Miranda Baame ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Log Linear

AbstractHousehold transitions to cleaner cooking fuels (for example, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)) have historically been studied from a demand perspective, with clean energy usage expected to increase with improvements in household socio-economic status. Although recent studies demonstrate the importance of supply-side determinants in increasing clean cooking, few large-scale studies have assessed their importance quantitatively, relative to demand-related factors. Here, as part of the CLEAN-Air(Africa) study, we examine a population-based survey (n = 5,638) of cooking practices in peri-urban communities within Cameroon, Kenya and Ghana. Multilevel logistic and log-linear regression assessed the demand and supply-side determinants of LPG usage (primary versus secondary fuel) and consumption (kilograms per capita per year), respectively. Supply-side factors (for example, cylinder refill and transportation costs) and the use of single versus multiburner stoves were better predictors than household socio-economic status for both the probability of primarily cooking with LPG and the annual LPG consumption. These results highlight the need for policies that promote LPG supply and stove equipment to meet household needs.

scholarly journals Unit Commitment Accommodating Large Scale Green Power

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuntao Ju ◽  
Jiankai Wang ◽  
Fuchao Ge ◽  
Yi Lin ◽  
Mingyu Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Power ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Unit Commitment ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Reserve Capacity ◽  
Spinning Reserve ◽  
Peak Shaving ◽  
Generation Unit

As more clean energy sources contribute to the electrical grid, the stress on generation scheduling for peak-shaving increases. This is a concern in several provinces of China that have many nuclear power plants, such as Guangdong and Fujian. Studies on the unit commitment (UC) problem involving the characteristics of both wind and nuclear generation are urgently needed. This paper first describes a model of nuclear power and wind power for the UC problem, and then establishes an objective function for the total cost of nuclear and thermal power units, including the cost of fuel, start-stop and peak-shaving. The operating constraints of multiple generation unit types, the security constraints of the transmission line, and the influence of non-gauss wind power uncertainty on the spinning reserve capacity of the system are considered. Meanwhile, a model of an energy storage system (ESS) is introduced to smooth the wind power uncertainty. Due to the prediction error of wind power, the spinning reserve capacity of the system will be affected by the uncertainty. Over-provisioning of spinning reserve capacity is avoided by introducing chance constraints. This is followed by the design of a UC model applied to different power sources, such as nuclear power, thermal power, uncertain wind power, and ESS. Finally, the feasibility of the UC model in the scheduling of a multi-type generation unit is verified by the modified IEEE RTS 24-bus system accommodating large scale green generation units.

scholarly journals Underground Hydro-Pumped Energy Storage Using Coal Mine Goafs: System Performance Analysis and a Case Study for China

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deyi Jiang ◽  
Shao Chen ◽  
Wenhao Liu ◽  
Yiwei Ren ◽  
Pengyv Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Coal Mine ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Energy Structure ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Abandoned Coal Mine

In response to the Paris climate agreement, the Chinese government has taken actions to improve the energy structure by reducing the share of coal-fired thermal power and increasing the use of clean energy. However, due to the extreme shortage of large-scale energy storage facilities, the utilization efficiency of wind and solar power remains low. This paper proposes to use abandoned coal mine goafs serving as large-scale pumped hydro storage (PHS) reservoir. In this paper, suitability of coal mine goafs as PHS underground reservoirs was analyzed with respects to the storage capacity, usable capacity, and ventilation between goaf and outside. The storage capacity is 1.97 × 106 m3 for a typical mining area with an extent of 3 × 5 km2 and a coal seam thickness of 6 m. A typical goaf-PHS system with the energy type αw=0.74 has a performance of 82.8% in the case of annual operation, able to regulate solar-wind energy with an average value of 275 kW. The performance of the proposed goaf-PHS system was analyzed based on the reservoir estimation and meteorological information from a typical region in China. It has been found that using abandoned coal mine goafs to develop PHS plants is technically feasible in wind and solar-rich northwestern and southwestern China.

scholarly journals Wages versus Fringe Benefits in the Large-scale Manufacturing Sector of Pakistan

1994 ◽  
Vol 33 (4II) ◽  
pp. 1385-1397
Author(s):  
Zafar Mahmood ◽  
Mohammad Ali Qasim
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Public Image ◽  
Fringe Benefits ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Labour Unions ◽  
The Government ◽  
Old Age Benefits

In pursuit of its labour welfare policy and to provide protection against certain contingencies, the government plays a crucial role in introducing and encouraging the payment of fringe benefits.l The proportion of total remunerations which make up fringe benefits is influenced by preferential treatment under income tax laws.2 For example, social security and employee's old-age benefits schemes are financed, respectively, t~ough contributions by the employers at 7 percent and 5 percent of the wages of secured workers. These expenses are reduced if an employer pays more in the form of fringe benefits than wages. Some other gains, including reduction in labour turnover, increase in labour productivity and creation of a favourable public image of the enterprise encourage employers to offer fringe benefits rather than wages. On the other hand, interests of labour unions are to protect or to get an increase in thcic total pay package. Workers will prefer fringe benefits if, with their introduction, net income rises and savings are made by group purchases of some benefits. Thus, these benefits affect decision of labour supply and demand, and enhance welfare.

Analysis of a Large Scale Liquid Hydrogen Dispersion Using the Multi-Phase Hydrodynamics Analysis Code (CHAMPAGNE)

2002 ◽  
Vol 124 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Chitose ◽  
M. Okamoto ◽  
K. Takeno ◽  
K. Hayashi ◽  
M. Hishida
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Liquid Hydrogen ◽  
Calculation Model ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Simulation Code ◽  
Large Tank ◽  
Basic Functions ◽  
Multi Phase ◽  
And Storage

It is planned to use hydrogen extensively as a source of clean energy in the new century. As part of our investigation for an International Clean Energy Network Using Hydrogen Conversion (WE-NET), we have been studying to establish a safety scheme to ensure that both existing and new hydrogen technologies are implemented without endangering public safety. In this plan, we consider the transport and storage of a large quantity of hydrogen in a large tank. First we must evaluate the consequence of the postulated accident of liquid hydrogen. Since we have developed the multi-phase hydrodynamics analysis code (CHAMPAGNE), we apply the code to simulate the formation and dispersion of hydrogen vapor clouds. In the present paper we have improved the calculation model in two ways. We added a function to CHAMPAGNE for solving evaporation phenomena realistically, made many parametric calculations and planned the small-scale hydrogen dispersion experiments for the validation of this model. Another improvement is the turbulent mixing of evaporated liquid hydrogen. Now we have completed the basic functions of our simulation code. And these models of CHAMPANGE code must be verified by the experimental data.

scholarly journals Optimal Scheduling of a Multi-Energy Power System with Multiple Flexible Resources and Large-Scale Wind Power

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 3566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quanhui Che ◽  
Suhua Lou ◽  
Yaowu Wu ◽  
Xiangcheng Zhang ◽  
Xuebin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cost Model ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Optimal Scheduling ◽  
Flexible Resources

With the grid-connected operation of large-scale wind farms, the contradiction between supply and demand of power systems is becoming more and more prominent. The introduction of multiple types of flexible resources provides a new technical means for improving the supply–demand matching relationship of system flexibility and promoting wind power consumption. In this paper, multi-type flexible resources made up of deep peak regulation of thermal units, demand response, and energy storage were utilized to alleviate the peak regulation pressure caused by large-scale wind power integration. Based on current thermal plant deep peak regulation technology, a three-phase peak regulation cost model of thermal power generation considering the low load fatigue life loss and oil injection cost of the unit was proposed. Additionally, from the perspective of supply–demand balance of power system flexibility, the flexibility margin index of a power system containing source-load-storage flexible resources was put forward to assess the contribution from each flexibility provider to system flexibility. Moreover, an optimal dispatching model of a multi-energy power system with large-scale wind power and multi-flexible resources was constructed, aimed at the lowest total dispatching cost of the whole scheduling period. Finally, the model proposed in this paper was validated by a modified RTS96 system, and the effects of different flexibility resources and wind power capacity on the optimal scheduling results were discussed.

scholarly journals A Vicious Circle: The Interaction between Income Distribution and Household Indebtedness in the Neoliberal Era

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
İpek Tekin ◽  
Başak Gül Akar
Keyword(s):  
Income Distribution ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
The United States ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Debt Burden ◽  
Neoliberal Policies ◽  
Outstanding Issue

In the neoliberal era, financialization of the economies is associated both with large-scale speculative movements in the financial sector and over-indebtedness. The fact that there were significant increases in household indebtedness in the United States before the 2008/09 global financial crisis made the growing indebtedness an outstanding issue that should be examined in terms of its supply and demand-side causes and its distributive consequences. Increasing inequality in income distribution has been an important consideration associated with the increase in household indebtedness. In a sense, the borrowing opportunities enable working households to maintain their consumption and living standards in the short term despite the stagnation in wages and thus increasing inequality, but it does not prevent them from undergoing an unsustainable debt burden. This debt burden creates a feedback effect by deepening the existing inequality. The purpose of this study is to reveal the macro and micro dynamics associated with neoliberal policies that create the supposed relationship between inequality and household indebtedness and to try to interpret the increasing household indebtedness and income inequality in Turkey in the 2000s within this framework.

Analysis of a Large Scale Liquid Hydrogen Dispersion Using the Multi-Phase Hydrodynamics Analysis Code (CHAMPAGNE)

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Chitose ◽  
K. Takeno ◽  
M. Okamoto ◽  
K. Hayashi ◽  
M. Hishida
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Liquid Hydrogen ◽  
Calculation Model ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Simulation Code ◽  
Large Tank ◽  
Basic Functions ◽  
Multi Phase ◽  
And Storage

Abstract It is planned to use hydrogen extensively as a source of clean energy in the next century. As part of our investigation for an International Clean Energy Network Using Hydrogen Conversion (WE-NET), we have been studying to establish a safety scheme to ensure that both existing and new hydrogen technologies are implemented without endangering public safety. In this plan, we consider the transport and storage of a large quantity of hydrogen in a large tank. First we must evaluate the consequence of the postulated accident of liquid hydrogen. Since we have developed the multi-phase hydrodynamics analysis code (CHAMPAGNE), we apply the code to simulate the formation and dispersion of hydrogen vapor clouds. In the present paper we have improved the calculation model in two ways. We added a function to CHAMPANGE for solving evaporation phenomena realistically, made many parametric calculations and planned the small-scale hydrogen dispersion experiments for the validation of this model. Another improvement is the turbulent mixing of evaporated liquid hydrogen. Now we have completed the basic functions of our simulation code. And these models of CHAMPANGE code must be verified by the experimental data.

The Electricity Purchasing and Selling Risk Control Optimization Model for Power Grid Corporation

2013 ◽  
Vol 389 ◽  
pp. 161-165
Author(s):  
Yin Hui Zhao ◽  
Zhong Fu Tan ◽  
Li Wei Ju ◽  
Zhi Hong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Model ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Risk Control ◽  
Calculation Model ◽  
Demand Elasticity ◽  
Control Optimization ◽  
The Government ◽  
Demand Changes ◽  
The Impact

The cost of China Power Grid Company's purchasing power is influenced by the relationship between supply and demand of the industry chain, the impact of price fluctuations in the power purchase market, while, the terminal sales price is controlled by the government, not reflecting the supply and demand changes, which makes the income space of power grid corporation uncertainty, therefore, their operation is facing with risk. The paper constructs electricity purchasing and selling risk control optimization model for power Grid Corporation after considering users demand elasticity, electricity distribution in the contract market and real-time market, the compensation cost for users blackout based on the analysis for the influencing factors of Power Grid Corporation and the revenue calculation model.

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