scholarly journals Underground Hydro-Pumped Energy Storage Using Coal Mine Goafs: System Performance Analysis and a Case Study for China

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deyi Jiang ◽  
Shao Chen ◽  
Wenhao Liu ◽  
Yiwei Ren ◽  
Pengyv Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Coal Mine ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Energy Structure ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Abandoned Coal Mine

In response to the Paris climate agreement, the Chinese government has taken actions to improve the energy structure by reducing the share of coal-fired thermal power and increasing the use of clean energy. However, due to the extreme shortage of large-scale energy storage facilities, the utilization efficiency of wind and solar power remains low. This paper proposes to use abandoned coal mine goafs serving as large-scale pumped hydro storage (PHS) reservoir. In this paper, suitability of coal mine goafs as PHS underground reservoirs was analyzed with respects to the storage capacity, usable capacity, and ventilation between goaf and outside. The storage capacity is 1.97 × 106 m3 for a typical mining area with an extent of 3 × 5 km2 and a coal seam thickness of 6 m. A typical goaf-PHS system with the energy type αw=0.74 has a performance of 82.8% in the case of annual operation, able to regulate solar-wind energy with an average value of 275 kW. The performance of the proposed goaf-PHS system was analyzed based on the reservoir estimation and meteorological information from a typical region in China. It has been found that using abandoned coal mine goafs to develop PHS plants is technically feasible in wind and solar-rich northwestern and southwestern China.

Subsea Liquid Energy Storage – The Bridge Between Oil and Energy/Hydrogen

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristian Mikalsen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Modular Design ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Hydrogen Energy ◽  
Novel Technologies ◽  
System Solution ◽  
Ammonia Storage

Abstract This paper demonstrates a pioneering technology adaption for using a membrane-based subsea storage solution for oil/condensate, modified into storing clean energy storage in the form of ammonia (as a hydrogen energy carrier). The immediate application will provide an economical alternative to electrification of offshore platforms, instead of using expensive cables from shore. Storing ammonia at the seabed using innovative subsea storage technologies will dramatically reduce CO2 emissions for offshore assets. The fluid will be stored in a safe manner on the seafloor, protecting both personnel and marine life. The next step will be to include subsea ammonia storage as part of the global logistical value chain, which can power the merchant shipping fleet. Clean ammonia can be produced using renewable resources as wind or solar. It focuses on bridging the ongoing oil/condensate storage qualification, adapted into storing ammonia. The large-scale verification test scope is explained, and we show how the test is extended to also prove the concept of safe energy/ammonia storage. The ammonia storage concept is explained, and we show how this can be included as part of a low carbon future. The focus is the immediate market for providing clean power to existing or new offshore assets. The full system solution will encompass storage tanks placed nearby the platforms at safe water depths, riser systems providing fuel to the ammonia power generators, and the tank filling systems. Bridging and adapting technologies from the petroleum industry into renewables shows the importance of utilizing the technology developments and competence of the oil and gas business. The technical evaluations have shown that the oil/condensate storage can be adapted into storing energy/ammonia with minor modifications. Converting hydrogen into ammonia gives slight energy losses, but it is defended by the large economic benefits of storing ammonia versus pressure storage of hydrogen. The paper presents qualification work already completed and how to implement ammonia fuel storage for platforms. In addition, we show the test setup for a large-scale qualification provided by an original equipment manufacturer (OEM) company together with major Operators. Innovative modular design methods have shown that the concept can be included on existing offshore assets, which have limited topside space available. Adding green or blue ammonia as an alternative to power cables from shore have several benefits, and many of the connecting building blocks are falling into place. The main conclusion is how to adapt Novel technologies from the oil industry to store ammonia in a safe way on the seafloor.

scholarly journals Behavior of Compacted Magnesium-Based Powders for Energy-Storage Applications

Inorganics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Mirabile Gattia ◽  
Mukesh Jangir ◽  
Indra Prabh Jain
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Rietveld Analysis ◽  
Magnesium Hydride ◽  
Cycling Stability ◽  
Hydrogen Release ◽  
Phase Identification

Energy storage is one of the main challenges to address in the near future—in particular due to the intermittent energy produced by extensive renewable energy production plants. The use of hydrides for this type of energy storage has many positive aspects. Hydride-based systems consist of absorption and desorption reactions that are strongly exothermic and endothermic, respectively. Heat management in the design of hydrogen storage tanks is an important issue, in order to ensure high-level performance in terms of the kinetics for hydrogen release/uptake and reasonable storage capacity. When loose powder is used, material in the form of pellets should be considered in order to avoid detrimental effects including decreased cycling performance. Moreover, sustainable materials in large-scale hydrogen reactors could be recovered and reused to improve any life cycle analysis of such systems. For these reasons, magnesium hydride was used in this study, as it is particularly suitable for hydrogen storage due to its high H2 storage capacity, reversibility and the low costs. Magnesium hydride was ball-milled in presence of 5 wt % Fe as a catalyst, then compacted with an uniaxial press after the addition of expanded natural graphite (ENG). The materials underwent 45 cycles in a Sievert’s type apparatus at 310 °C and eight bar, in order to study the kinetics and cycling stability. Scanning electron microscopy was used to investigate microstructural properties and failure phenomena. Together with Rietveld analysis, X-ray diffraction was performed for phase identification and structural information. The pellets demonstrated suitable cycling stability in terms of total hydrogen storage capacity and kinetics.

Comparison and Analysis for the Differential Heating Modes in the Large-Scale CHP System

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Xian Lin ◽  
Lin Fu
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Back Pressure ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Heating Unit ◽  
Heating Efficiency ◽  
The Impact

With the process acceleration of China’s energy conservation and the full development of the market economy, the environmental protection is to coexist with the power plants’ benefits for thermal power plants. Relative to the traditional mode named “determining power by heat”, it is not adequate that the heating demand is only to be met, the maximizations of economy benefits and social benefits are also demanded. At present, several large-scale central heating modes are proposed by domestic and foreign scholars, such as the parallel arrangement and series arrangement of heating system for the traditional heating units and NCB heating units (NCB heating unit is a new condensing-extraction-backpressure steam turbine and used to generate the power and heat, it has the function of extraction heating turbine at constant power, back pressure turbine or extraction and back pressure heating turbine and extraction condensing heating turbine.), and running mode with heating units and absorbed heat pumps, and so on. Compare and analyze their heating efficiency, heating load, heating area, power generation, and the impact on the environment. The best heating mode can be found under the different boundary conditions, it can be used to instruct the further work. The energy utilization efficiency will be further improved.

scholarly journals Research on Optimization of Linkage Operation of Integrated Energy System in Industrial Parks based on Chaotic Particle Swarm Algorithm

2021 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 01052
Author(s):  
Yang Yang ◽  
Mengjin Hu ◽  
Mengju Wei ◽  
Yongli Wang ◽  
Minhan Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Swarm ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Particle Swarm Algorithm ◽  
Energy Structure ◽  
Industrial Park ◽  
Industrial Parks ◽  
Integrated Energy System ◽  
Swarm Algorithm

Industrial parks cover a variety of production capacities and energy-consuming entities, with large load demand and complex energy-using structure, and common problems such as low energy utilization efficiency and unreasonable energy structure. The construction of an integrated energy system (IES) with a combined cooling, heating and power system as the core unit in the industrial park is of great significance for achieving reliable, efficient and clean energy use in the park. Therefore, this article is based on the integrated energy system of the industrial park, aims at the lowest total cost of park operators, and considers the constraints of grid node balance, equipment output and energy storage equipment, and constructs source-grid-load-storage linkage operation optimization model, and build a chaotic particle swarm algorithm (CPSO) to solve the model. Finally, a typical industrial park in my country is taken as an example to analyze the scientificity of the model.

Maximizing Thermal Power Output of an Ammonia Synthesis Reactor for a Solar Thermochemical Energy Storage System

2000 ◽  
Vol 123 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kreetz ◽  
K. Lovegrove ◽  
A. Luzzi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Reactor Wall ◽  
Reversible Dissociation ◽  
Thermal Output ◽  
National University

Solar energy storage using a closed loop thermochemical system based on the reversible dissociation of ammonia, has been investigated at the Australian National University for over two decades. Theoretical and system studies have indicated that large scale systems offer reasonable thermodynamic and economic performance. Experimental investigation has confirmed the technical viability of the concept. This investigation has looked at the effect of operating parameters on the thermal output achievable from the heat recovery process. Pressure, massflow and inlet gas composition were all found to have significant effects on the output achievable. Maximizing the thermal output via adjustment of reactor wall temperature profiles indicates that the average temperature of the reactor walls is more significant than the shape of the profile. This investigation has indicated the potential and provided the foundations for future exergo-economic optimizations of the system.

scholarly journals Unit Commitment Accommodating Large Scale Green Power

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuntao Ju ◽  
Jiankai Wang ◽  
Fuchao Ge ◽  
Yi Lin ◽  
Mingyu Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Power ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Unit Commitment ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Reserve Capacity ◽  
Spinning Reserve ◽  
Peak Shaving ◽  
Generation Unit

As more clean energy sources contribute to the electrical grid, the stress on generation scheduling for peak-shaving increases. This is a concern in several provinces of China that have many nuclear power plants, such as Guangdong and Fujian. Studies on the unit commitment (UC) problem involving the characteristics of both wind and nuclear generation are urgently needed. This paper first describes a model of nuclear power and wind power for the UC problem, and then establishes an objective function for the total cost of nuclear and thermal power units, including the cost of fuel, start-stop and peak-shaving. The operating constraints of multiple generation unit types, the security constraints of the transmission line, and the influence of non-gauss wind power uncertainty on the spinning reserve capacity of the system are considered. Meanwhile, a model of an energy storage system (ESS) is introduced to smooth the wind power uncertainty. Due to the prediction error of wind power, the spinning reserve capacity of the system will be affected by the uncertainty. Over-provisioning of spinning reserve capacity is avoided by introducing chance constraints. This is followed by the design of a UC model applied to different power sources, such as nuclear power, thermal power, uncertain wind power, and ESS. Finally, the feasibility of the UC model in the scheduling of a multi-type generation unit is verified by the modified IEEE RTS 24-bus system accommodating large scale green generation units.

scholarly journals The Design of Electric Conversion and Energy Storage Integration of SOFC Combined Power Supply System Based on Feature Fusion

2021 ◽  
Vol 292 ◽  
pp. 01026
Author(s):  
Shuijin Lu ◽  
Yujie Mo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Power Supply System ◽  
Feature Fusion ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Combined Power Supply

In order to reduce the low effective utilization of the combined thermal power supply system caused by the abnormal energy distribution, the design of the electric conversion and energy storage integration of SOFC combined power supply system based on feature fusion is proposed. The design of internal combustion engine, heat storage device and battery is carried out. Based on the system temperature, SOFC heat exchanger model is established. The energy state in the heat exchanger model is analyzed and judged by feature fusion. According to the results, the energy is converted, stored and released. The experimental results show that the energy utilization efficiency of the system can reach 81.57%, which is 36.9% higher than the source system, which has good application value.

Large-Scale Color-Changing Thin Film Energy Storage Device with High Optical Contrast and Energy Storage Capacity

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 1658-1663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuesong Yin ◽  
James Robert Jennings ◽  
Wei Tang ◽  
Tang Jiao Huang ◽  
Chunhua Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Storage Device ◽  
Energy Storage Device ◽  
Optical Contrast ◽  
Energy Storage Capacity

Macroencapsulation of Sodium Nitrate for Thermal Energy Storage in Solar Thermal Power

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swetha Pendyala ◽  
Prashanth Sridharan ◽  
Sarada Kuravi ◽  
Chand K. Jotshi ◽  
Manoj K. Ram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Sodium Nitrate ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Chemical Oxidation ◽  
Latent Heat Storage

Storage systems based on latent heat storage have high-energy storage density, which reduces the footprint of the system and the cost. However, phase change materials (PCMs) have very low thermal conductivities making them unsuitable for large-scale use without enhancing the effective thermal conductivity. In order to address the low thermal conductivity of the PCMs, macroencapsulation of PCMs is adopted as an effective technique. The macro encapsulation not only provides a self-supporting structure but also enhances the heat transfer rate. In this research, Sodium nitrate (NaNO3), a low cost PCM, was selected for thermal storage in a temperature range of 300–500°C. The PCM was encapsulated in a metal oxide cell using self-assembly reactions, hydrolysis, and simultaneous chemical oxidation at various temperatures. The metal oxide encapsulated PCM capsule was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The cyclic stability and thermal performance of the capsules were also studied.

scholarly journals An Income Distributing Optimization Model for Cooperative Operation among Different Types of Power Sellers Considering Different Scenarios

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shenbo Yang ◽  
Zhongfu Tan ◽  
Liwei Ju ◽  
Hongyu Lin ◽  
Gejirifu De ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Income Distribution ◽  
Optimization Model ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Calculation Model ◽  
Net Income

To alleviate the shortcomings of large-scale grid connections for clean energy, which require stable thermoelectric units to provide backup services, a stable cooperative alliance among different energy types of power sellers must be established. Consequently, a reasonable method to distribute income is required, due to different contributions of each entity in the alliance. Therefore, this paper constructs a comprehensive correction algorithm for income distribution using an improved Shapely value method. We analyze the operating mode of the power seller, and establish the net income calculation model under both independent and alliance operations. We then establish an alliance operation optimization model that considers the constraints of unit output, as well as the balance between supply and demand, with the goal of maximizing income. Finally, an industrial park in a province of northern China is taken as an example to verify the model’s practicability and effectiveness. The results show that the power sales alliance can effectively promote clean energy consumption. The maximum reduction in thermal power generation and CO2 is 8510 MW and 684.515 tons, respectively. We apply the algorithm to income distribution and find that the thermal power seller’s income increased by ¥1,463,870, which enhances the stability of the alliance. Therefore, our income distributing optimization model guarantees the interests of each participant to the greatest extent, and serves as an important reference for income distribution.

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