scholarly journals Torrefaction as a Valorization Method Used Prior to the Gasification of Sewage Sludge

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halina Pawlak-Kruczek ◽  
Mateusz Wnukowski ◽  
Lukasz Niedzwiecki ◽  
Michał Czerep ◽  
Mateusz Kowal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Steam Gasification ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Pilot Scale Reactor ◽  
Scale Reactor

The gasification and torrefaction of sewage sludge have the potential to make the thermal utilization of sewage sludge fully sustainable, thus limiting the use of expensive fossil fuels in the process. This includes sustainability in terms of electricity consumption. Although a great deal of work has been performed so far regarding the gasification of sewage sludge and some investigations have been performed in the area of its torrefaction, there is still a gap in terms of the influence of the torrefaction of the sewage sludge on its subsequent gasification. This study presents the results from the torrefaction tests, performed on a pilot scale reactor, as well as two consecutive steam gasification tests, performed in an allothermal fixed bed gasifier, in order to determine if torrefaction can be deemed as a primary method of the reduction of tar content for the producer gas, from the aforementioned gasification process. A comparative analysis is performed based on the results obtained during both tests, with special emphasis on the concentrations of condensable compounds (tars). The obtained results show that the torrefaction of sewage sludge, performed prior to gasification, can indeed have a positive influence on the gas quality. This is beneficial especially in terms of the content of heavy tars with melting points above 40 °C.

scholarly journals CFD researched on rice husk gasification in a pilot fixed bed up-draft system

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 96-109
Author(s):  
Phung Thi Kim Le ◽  
Viet Tan Tran ◽  
Thien Luu Minh Nguyen ◽  
Viet Vuong Pham ◽  
Truc Thanh Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Steam Gasification ◽  
Actual Process ◽  
Ansys Fluent ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Gasification Process

Finding alternative energy sources for fossil fuels was a global matter of concern, especially in developing countries. Rice husk, an abundant biomass in Viet Nam, was used to partially replace fossil fuels by gasification process. The study was conducted on the pilot plant fixed bed up-draft gasifier with two kind of gasification agents, pure air and air-steam mixture. Mathematical modeling and computer simulations were also used to describe and optimize the gasification processes. Mathematical modeling was based on Computational Fluid Dynamics method and simulation was carried by using Ansys Fluent software. Changes in outlet composition of syngas components (CO, CO2, CH4, H2O, H2) and temperature of process, in relation with ratio of steam in gasification agents, were presented. Obtained results indicated concentration of CH4, H2 in outlet was increased significantly when using air-steam gasification agents than pure air. The discrepancies among the gasification agents were determined to improve the actual process.

Fluidized Bed Combustion of Pelletized Sewage Sludge in a Pilot Scale Reactor

2019 ◽  
Vol 191 (9) ◽  
pp. 1661-1676 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Cammarota ◽  
F. Cammarota ◽  
R. Chirone ◽  
G. Ruoppolo ◽  
R. Solimene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Fluidized Bed Combustion ◽  
Pilot Scale Reactor ◽  
Scale Reactor

scholarly journals Bio-Fuel Properties and Elemental Analysis of Bio-Oil Produced from Pyrolysis of Gmelina Arborea

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Idowu A Adegoke ◽  
O.Y Ogunsanwo ◽  
Ayodeji R Ige
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Gmelina Arborea ◽  
Ultimate Analysis ◽  
Rigorous Research ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Pilot Scale Reactor ◽  
Scale Reactor

AbstractNigeria demand for sustainable, affordable and accessible energy is on the rise. Hence, this led to rigorous research to determine affordable processes of using waste materials for production of sustainable energy. In this research pyrolysis was carried out in a fabricated fixed bed pilot-scale reactor using Gmelina arborea (sawdust) biomass for the production of bio-oil. The physical, chemical properties and the ultimate analysis of the bio oil produced were determined following standard methods. The physicochemical properties and ultimate analysis obtained were favourable. The highest moisture content of 21 % at 600 oC and least moisture content of 12 % at 900 oC were obtained from Gmelina arborea. The elemental results of the products show low sulphur quantity which is of good prospects that Gmelina arborea are good materials for bioenergy production without posing danger to the environment. Utilisation of Gmelina arborea for bio-oil production as an alternative fuel would shun unfavourable environmental abasement related to the use of conventional fuels.

Fluidized bed gasification of eucalyptus chips: Axial profiles of syngas composition in a pilot scale reactor

Energy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 219 ◽  
pp. 119604
Author(s):  
Francesco Parrillo ◽  
Filomena Ardolino ◽  
Gabriele Calì ◽  
Davide Marotto ◽  
Alberto Pettinau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Pilot Scale Reactor ◽  
Scale Reactor

scholarly journals Evaluation of Fixed-Bed Cultures with Immobilized Lactococcus Lactis ssp. Lactis on Different Scales

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Faschian ◽  
Ilyas Eren ◽  
Steven Minden ◽  
Ralf Pörtner
Keyword(s):  
Dilution Rate ◽  
Lactococcus Lactis ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Fixed Beds ◽  
Pilot Scale Reactor

Fixed-bed processes, where cells are immobilized within macroporous carriers, are a promising alternative to processes with suspended cells. A scale-up concept is presented in order to evaluate the performance as part of process design of fixed-bed processes. Therefore,Lactococcus lactiscultivation in chemostat and batch mode was compared to fixed bed cultures on three different scales, the smallest being the downscaledMultifermwith 10 mL fixed bed units, the second a 100 mL fixed-bed reactor and the third a pilot scale reactor with 1 L fixed bed volume. As expected, the volume specific lactate productivity of all cultivations was dependent on dilution rate. In suspension chemostat culture a maximum of 2.3 g·L-1·h-1was reached. Due to cell retention in the fixed-beds, productivity increased up to 8.29 g·L-1·h-1at a dilution rate of D = 1.16 h-1(corresponding to 2.4·µmax) on pilot scale. For all fixed bed cultures a common spline was obtained indicating a good scale-up performance.

scholarly journals Anaerobic co-digestion in a liquid recirculation pilot-scale reactor: Thermal and hydraulic study

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 496-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed El Ibrahimi ◽  
Ismail Khay ◽  
Anas El Maakoul ◽  
Mohamed Ould Moussa ◽  
Abdelwahed Barkaoui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Liquid Recirculation ◽  
Pilot Scale Reactor ◽  
Scale Reactor

scholarly journals Nitrification in hybrid reactor with a recycled plastic support material

2005 ◽  
Vol 48 (spe) ◽  
pp. 243-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delmira Beatriz Wolff ◽  
Juan Carlos Ochoa ◽  
Etienne Paul ◽  
Rejane Helena Ribeiro da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Hybrid Reactor ◽  
Biomass Growth ◽  
Support Material ◽  
Filling Rate ◽  
Working Volume ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Pilot Scale Reactor ◽  
Scale Reactor

This work investigated the nitrification in a hybrid moving bed pilot scale reactor, which used a low density recycled plastic support material for biomass growth. The filling rate was 20% of its working volume (22L). The feeding and recirculation outflow was 45L/day. The reactor operated at a temperature of 16ºC, in two phases, according to the sludge retention time (SRT): A phase was 10 days and B phase was 3 days (average values). The applied average volumetric nitrogen and organic loads were 0.16KgTKN/m3.day and 1kgCOD/m³.day, respectively. The results showed an average nitrogen removal of 95% and average COD removal of 89%, in both A and B phases. Nitrogen removal rates were independents of the SRT.

scholarly journals Alkaline pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse on pilot scale reactor

2020 ◽  
Vol 462 ◽  
pp. 012056
Author(s):  
W A Rizal ◽  
R Maryana ◽  
D J Prasetyo ◽  
A Suwanto ◽  
S K Wahono
Keyword(s):  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Alkaline Pretreatment ◽  
Pilot Scale Reactor ◽  
Scale Reactor
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