scholarly journals Study on Daylighting Optimization in the Exhibition Halls of Museums for Chinese Calligraphy and Painting Works

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianfeng Huang ◽  
Shangyou Wei ◽  
Shangyu Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Field Trips ◽  
Light Environment ◽  
Chinese Calligraphy ◽  
Luminance Distribution ◽  
Discomfort Glare ◽  
Design Factors

With respect to the light environment of the exhibition halls for Chinese calligraphy and painting works in the museums, the daylighting design in these display spaces have been studied, the key design factors, such as daylighting pattern, and arrangement of exhibits are examined and explored by field trips. Then, the display spaces are divided into diverse categories whose sky light environments are predicted by the demands of exhibits. Under changed daylighting situations, the daylight parameters, i.e., daylight factor (DF) and DF uniformity, discomfort glare index (DGI) and luminance distribution are calculated. Thus, the proper daylighting pattern and elements in the exhibition halls will be decided. The optimization strategies that optimize the parameters of daylighting patterns and elements are presented. The studies have shown that the daylighting quality will improved by the implement of optimal design, and good luminance environment in the calligraphy and painting exhibition halls are obtained.

The Scope of the Glare Light Source of the Window with Non-uniform Luminance Distribution

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wonwoo Kim ◽  
Jeong Tai Kim
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Multiple Criterion ◽  
Maximum Luminance ◽  
Luminance Distribution ◽  
Discomfort Glare

This paper presents a methodology to determine the area of the glare light source on the window with nonuniform luminance distribution. Experiments with observers were conducted in order to evaluate discomfort glare using a simulated window with a nonuniform luminance distribution. The simulated window is divided into three parts, each of which has a different luminance so that the window surface would have a non-uniform luminance distribution. Discomfort glare was evaluated in 21 different combinations of the luminance conditions. Hopkinson’s multiple-criterion was used for the evaluation; and 27 observers had volunteered for the test. The results of this study can be used to determine how much the luminance should be in the area around the window in order to reduce discomfort glare from the window. If the luminance around the window was less than 40% of the maximum luminance of the sky seen through the window, this would reduce discomfort glare. If the luminance around the window was higher than 40% of the maximum luminance of the sky seen through the window, the area around the window could be considered as a glare light source.

Optimal Design for Impeller of a Sludge Pump Using Design of Experiment

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeong-Min Jin ◽  
Hyo-Geun Ji ◽  
Youn-Jea Kim
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Design Optimization ◽  
Design Of Experiment ◽  
Design Theory ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Pump Impeller ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Design Factors

Abstract Recently, many studies carried out to improve the performance of the pump with shape changes. In this paper, impeller optimization is performed to improve the pump performance. Design optimization techniques for the sludge pump impellers have been developed by using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and optimal design theory. This paper describes the design optimization of a sludge pump impeller based on Response Surface Method (RSM) coupled with Navier-Stokes flow analysis. In particular, RSM which was based on the results of the design of experiment (DOE) helps to achieve the optimum point. In order to optimize the shape of the impeller, the thickness and the height of the blade were set as design factors. As a result, it was confirmed that the efficiency and the head were improved by 11.2% and 6.67%, respectively, compared to the referenced model.

scholarly journals A Study on the Improvement of the Evaluation Scale of Discomfort Glare in Educational Facilities

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 3265
Author(s):  
Sewon Lee ◽  
Kyung Sun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Light Environment ◽  
Learning Performance ◽  
Educational Facilities ◽  
Environmental Certification ◽  
Indoor Space ◽  
Natural Lighting ◽  
Discomfort Glare ◽  
Environment Simulation ◽  
High School Classroom

The lighting environment is a factor that significantly affects the physical and psychological aspects of occupants of a building. In particular, educational facilities should be designed to provide adequate natural lighting because it has a profound impact on students’ health and learning performance. Although environmental certification systems include evaluation items for improving the indoor light environment, there is a lack of evaluation criteria regarding the corresponding issue of glare. Therefore, this study aims to help visualize areas where indoor glare problems occur, and to improve the evaluation scale of discomfort glare in environmental certification systems. A standard high school classroom in Seoul was analyzed to study glare issues in the educational space. DIVA for Rhino—Grasshopper, a light environment simulation program based on Radiance and DAYSIM program, was used to obtain reliable light analysis simulation results, and the daylight glare probability (DGP) measure was used to calculate discomfort glare. The results of the simulation and analysis suggest this is a method for improving glare evaluation measures that are lacking in indoor environmental certification standards. The visualized frequency of discomfort glare data is useful for planning the layout of the indoor space, opening, and shading design of a building to prevent glare problems.

scholarly journals The linearization of the relationship between scene luminance and digital camera output levels

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Eugeniusz Czech ◽  
Dariusz Czyżewski
Keyword(s):  
Digital Camera ◽  
Image Sensor ◽  
Image Sensors ◽  
Luminance Distribution ◽  
Engineering Society ◽  
Spectral Correction ◽  
Ccd Array ◽  
Discomfort Glare ◽  
Testing Techniques ◽  
Visegrád Countries

This paper presents the results of linearity testing of the integrated image sensor of a CCD-equipped digital camera. The study demonstrated the lack of linearity of the characteristics of the sensor when scaling with the luminance standard signal. In the course of the research the function approximated by the fifth-degree polynomial was determined. After the appropriate transformation, this function would enable the linearization of the signal from the studied image sensor. The study demonstrated the possibility of linearizing the signal of integrated image sensors for correct luminance measurements. Thus, the possibility of reducing the nonlinearity error of integrated image sensors was discussed. Full Text: PDF ReferencesT. Tashiro, S. Kawanobe, T. Kimura-Minoda, S. Kohko, T. Ishikawa, and M. Ayama, "Discomfort glare for white LED light sources with different spatial arrangements," Lighting Research and Technology, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 316-337, 2015, doi: 10.1177/1477153514532122. CrossRef A. de Vries, J. L. Souman, B. de Ruyter, I. Heynderickx, and Y. A. W. de Kort, "Lighting up the office: The effect of wall luminance on room appraisal, office workers' performance, and subjective alertness," Building and Environment, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2018.06.046. CrossRef E. Czech and I. Fryc, "Illumination quality measurement of the work-station," in Proc. SPIE 5566. Optical Security and Safety, 2004, vol. 5566, pp. 239-242. CrossRef D. Czyzewski, "Monitoring of the lighting conditions of a street illuminated with road lights equipped with LEDs," Przeglad Elektrotechniczny, vol. 86, no. 10, pp. 170-172, 2010. DirectLink S. Słomiński, "Identifying problems with luminaire luminance measurements for discomfort glare analysis," Lighting Research and Technology, vol. 48, no. 5, pp. 573-588, 2016 CrossRef D. Czyzewski, "Monitoring of the subsequent LED lighting installation in Warsaw in the years 2014-2015," in Proceedings of 2016 IEEE Lighting Conference of the Visegrad Countries, Lumen V4 2016, 2016, pp. 1-4, CrossRef F. Greffier, V. Muzet, V. Boucher, F. Fournela, and R. Dronneau, "Use of an imaging luminance measuring device to evaluate road lighting performance at different angles of observation," in Proceedings of the 29th Quadrennial Session of the CIE, 2019, pp. 553-562. CrossRef D. Czyżewski, "Comparison of luminance distribution on the lighting surface of power LEDs," Photonics Letters of Poland, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 118-120, 2019, doi: 10.4302/plp.v11i4.966. CrossRef S. Zalewski, "Design of optical systems for LED road luminaires," Applied Optics, vol. 54, no. 2, pp. 163-170, 2015, doi: 10.1364/ao.54.000163. CrossRef D. Czyzewski, "Investigation of COB LED luminance distribution," in Proceedings of 2016 IEEE Lighting Conference of the Visegrad Countries, Lumen V4 2016, 2016, pp. 1-4, CrossRef M. Jongewaard, "Guide to selecting the appropriate type of light source model," in Proc.SPIE, Aug. 2002, vol. 4775, pp. 86-98, CrossRef D. Czyzewski, "Luminance distribution of LED luminous surface," Przeglad Elektrotechniczny, vol. 86, no. 10, pp. 166-169, 2010. DirectLink D. Czyżewski, "Research on luminance distributions of chip-on-board light-emitting diodes," Crystals, vol. 9, no. 12, pp. 1-14, 2019, CrossRef J. Fang, H. Xu, W. Lv, and M. R. Luo, "59-3: Proper Luminance of HDR TV system," in SID Symposium Digest of Technical Papers, 2016, pp. 806-808, CrossRef E. A. Cooper, H. Jiang, V. Vildavski, J. E. Farrell, and A. M. Norcia, "Assessment of OLED displays for vision research.," Journal of vision, vol. 13, no. 12, pp. 1-13, 2013 CrossRef C. D. Galatanu, "Improving the Luminance Measurement from Digital Images," in 2019 International Conference on Electromechanical and Energy Systems (SIELMEN), 2019, pp. 1-4. CrossRef M. Moeck and S. Anaokar, "Illuminance analysis from high dynamic range images," LEUKOS - Journal of Illuminating Engineering Society of North America, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 211-228, 2006, CrossRef D. Wüller and H. Gabele, "The usage of digital cameras as luminance meters," in Digital Photography III, 2007, p. 65020U CrossRef I. Fryc and E. Czech, "Spectral correction of the measurement CCD array," Optical Engineering, vol. 41, no. 10, pp. 2402-2406, 2002, CrossRef I. Fryc, "Accuracy of spectral correction of a CCD array for luminance distribution measurement," in Proc. SPIE 5064, Lightmetry 2002: Metrology and Testing Techniques Using Light, 2003, pp. 38-42 CrossRef I. Fryc, "Analysis of the spectral correction errors of illuminance meter photometric head under the influence of the diffusing element," Optical Engineering, vol. 40, no. 8, pp. 1636-1640, 2001. CrossRef S. W. Brown, G. P. Eppeldauer, and K. R. Lykke, "Facility for spectral irradiance and radiance responsivity calibrations using uniform sources," Applied Optics, vol. 45, no. 32, pp. 8218-8237, 2006 CrossRef D. W. Allen, G. P. Eppeldauer, S. W. Brown, E. A. Early, B. C. Johnson, and K. R. Lykke, "Calibration and characterization of trap detector filter radiometers," in Proc. SPIE 5151. Earth Observing Systems VIII, 2003, pp. 471-479 CrossRef I. Lewin and J. O'Farrell, "Luminaire photometry using video camera techniques," Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Society, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 57-63, 1999, CrossRef P. Fiorentin, P. Iacomussi, and G. Raze, "Characterization and calibration of a CCD detector for light engineering," IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 54, no. 1, pp. 171-177, 2005 CrossRef I. Fryc and E. Czech, "Application of optical fibers and CCD array for measurement of luminance distribution," in Proc. SPIE 5064, Lightmetry 2002: Metrology and Testing Techniques Using Light, 2003, pp. 18-21, CrossRef International Organization for Standardization, "Standard ISO 14524:2009 Photography - Electronic still-picture cameras - Methods for measuring opto-electronic conversion functions (OECFs)," International Organization for Standardization Publication, 2009. CrossRef I. Fryc, "Chosen properties of a photometric detector BPYP 07," in Proc. SPIE 4517, Lightmetry: Metrology, Spectroscopy, and Testing Techniques Using Light, 2001, vol. 4517, pp. 34-36 CrossRef D. Mozyrska, I. Fryc, and M. 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scholarly journals Development of Practical Design Approaches for Water Distribution Systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (23) ◽  
pp. 5117
Author(s):  
Young Hwan Choi ◽  
Ho Min Lee ◽  
Jiho Choi ◽  
Do Guen Yoo ◽  
Joong Hoon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Water Distribution Systems ◽  
Computation Time ◽  
Practical Design ◽  
Previous Design ◽  
Design Factors ◽  
Pipe Size

The optimal design of water distribution systems (WDSs) should be economical, consider practical field applicability, and satisfy hydraulic constraints such as nodal pressure and flow velocity. However, the general optimal design of a WDSs approach using a metaheuristic algorithm was difficult to apply for achieving pipe size continuity at the confluence point. Although some studies developed the design approaches considering the pipe continuity, these approaches took many simulation times. For these reasons, this study improves the existing pipe continuity search method by reducing the computation time and enhancing the ability to handle pipe size continuity at complex joints that have more than three nodes. In addition to more practical WDSs designs, the approach considers various system design factors simultaneously in a multi-objective framework. To verify the proposed approach, the three well-known WDSs to apply WDS design problems are applied, and the results are compared with the previous design method, which used a pipe continuity research algorithm. This study can reduce the computation time by 87% and shows an ability to handle complex joints. Finally, the application of this practical design technique, which considers pipe continuity and multiple design factors, can reduce the gap between the theoretical design and the real world because it considers construction conditions and abnormal situations.

scholarly journals EFFECTS ON DISCOMFORT GLARE OF LUMINANCE DISTRIBUTION WITHIN A WINDOW

2009 ◽  
Vol 74 (637) ◽  
pp. 277-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Etsuko MOCHIZUKI ◽  
Daisuke ITOH ◽  
Toshie IWATA
Keyword(s):  
Luminance Distribution ◽  
Discomfort Glare

Method for Evaluating Discomfort Glare Based on the Analysis of a Digital Image of an Illuminated Interior

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 623-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urszula Joanna Błaszczak
Keyword(s):  
Digital Image ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Luminance Distribution ◽  
Ccd Array ◽  
Discomfort Glare ◽  
Position Index

Abstract The article proposes a method for measuring discomfort glare which uses numerical description of the phenomenon in the form of a digital luminance distribution map recorded on a CCD array. Essential procedures for determining partial quantities which are necessary for calculation of UGR index are discussed in detail, along with techniques for measuring position index and size of light sources, with regard to the parameters of the registering system and coordinates of the images of the sources on the array.

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