scholarly journals Configuration Optimization Model for Data-Center-Park-Integrated Energy Systems under Economic, Reliability, and Environmental Considerations

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyuan Liu ◽  
Hang Yu ◽  
Rui Liu ◽  
Meng Wang ◽  
Chaoen Li
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Data Center ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Reliability Estimation ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Configuration Model ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Integrated Energy Systems

The analysis of energy configuration in the planning of data-center-park-integrated energy systems (DCP-IESs) has become an enormous challenge, owing to multi-energy complementarity, energy cascade use, and energy security. In this study, a configuration model of DCP-IESs was established to obtain the economic and low-carbon energy uses of the data centers, based on mixed integer linear programming. In the model, carbon emissions were converted to economic indicators through carbon pricing. Then, the configuration model was modified according to the security of the proposed device switching logic, and the Markov-based reliability estimation method was used to ensure the redundant design of the configuration. Using the new energy configuration method, the DCP-IES configuration scheme could be obtained under economical, low-carbon, and high reliability conditions. A data center park in Shanghai was selected as a case study, and the results are as follows: it will only take 2.88 years for the economics of DCP-IES to reach those of traditional data center energy systems. Additionally, the use of configuration model in DCP-IES would result in a reduction in annual carbon emissions of 39,323 tons, with a power usage effectiveness of 1.388, whereas an increase in reliability results in an increasingly faster increase in the initial investment cost.

scholarly journals Optimal Design on Fossil-to-Renewable Energy Transition of Regional Integrated Energy Systems under CO2 Emission Abatement Control: A Case Study in Dalian, China

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2879
Author(s):  
Xinxin Liu ◽  
Nan Li ◽  
Feng Liu ◽  
Hailin Mu ◽  
Longxi Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Optimal Design ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Total Annual Cost ◽  
Emission Abatement ◽  
Integrated Energy Systems

Optimal design of regional integrated energy systems (RIES) offers great potential for better managing energy sources, lower costs and reducing environmental impact. To capture the transition process from fossil fuel to renewable energy, a flexible RIES, including the traditional energy system (TES) based on the coal and biomass based distributed energy system (BDES), was designed to meet a regional multiple energy demand. In this paper, we analyze multiple scenarios based on a new rural community in Dalian (China) to capture the relationship among the energy supply cost, increased share of biomass, system configuration transformation, and renewable subsidy according to regional CO2 emission abatement control targets. A mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model was developed to find the optimal solutions. The results indicated that a 40.58% increase in the share of biomass in the RIES was the most cost-effective way as compared to the separate TES and BDES. Based on the RIES with minimal cost, by setting a CO2 emission reduction control within 40%, the RIES could ensure a competitive total annual cost as compared to the TES. In addition, when the reduction control exceeds 40%, a subsidy of 53.83 to 261.26 RMB/t of biomass would be needed to cover the extra cost to further increase the share of biomass resource and decrease the CO2 emission.

scholarly journals A Robust Formulation Model for Multi-Period Failure Restoration Problems in Integrated Energy Systems

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 3673
Author(s):  
Chen ◽  
Lou ◽  
Guo
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Level Energy ◽  
Piecewise Linearization ◽  
Integrated Energy Systems ◽  
Failure Restoration ◽  
Robust Formulation

The risks faced by modern energy systems are increasing, primarily caused by natural disasters. As a new form of multi-level energy complimentary utilization, integrated energy systems are attracting more and more attention for their high-efficiency and low-cost. However, due to the deep coupling relationship between systems, they are more susceptible to natural disasters, resulting in a cascading failure. To enhance the resilience of the integrated electricity-gas system, this paper proposes a failure restoration strategy after a natural disaster occurs. First, the temporal constraints of the dispatching model are considered, and the failure restoration problem is molded into a multi-period mixed-integer linear programme, aiming to recover the interrupted loads as much as possible. Second, since the uncertain output of distributed generation sources (DGs) such as wind turbines and photovoltaic systems will threat the reliability of restoration results, the robust formulation model is incorporated to cope with this problem. Third, we propose a new modeling method for radial topology constraints towards failure restoration. Moreover, the Column and Constraints Generation (C&CG) decomposition method is utilized to solve the robust model. Then, the piecewise linearization technique and the linear DistFlow equations are utilized to eliminate the nonlinear terms, providing a model that could be easily solved by an off-shelf commercial solver. The obtained results include the sequence of line/pipeline switchgear actions, the time-series dispatching results of electricity storage system, gas storage system, and the coupling devices including the gas-fired turbine, power to gas equipment. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed restoration strategy is verified by numerical simulation on a 13-6 node integrated energy system.

scholarly journals Performance assessment of integrated energy systems for the production of renewable hydrogen energy carriers

2020 ◽  
Vol 197 ◽  
pp. 01007
Author(s):  
Francesco Lonis ◽  
Vittorio Tola ◽  
Giorgio Cau
Keyword(s):  
Energy Systems ◽  
Smooth Transition ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Hydrogen Energy ◽  
Catalytic Reactor ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Integrated Energy Systems ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Renewable Hydrogen

To guarantee a smooth transition to a clean and low-carbon society without abandoning all of a sudden liquid fuels and products derived from fossil resources, power-to-liquids processes can be used to exploit an excess of renewable energy, producing methanol and dimethyl ether (DME) from the conversion of hydrogen and recycled CO2. Such a system could behave as an energy storage system, and/or a source of fuels and chemicals for a variety of applications in several industrial sectors. This paper concerns the conceptual design, performance analysis and comparison of small-scale decentralised integrated energy systems to produce methanol and DME from renewable hydrogen and captured CO2. Renewable hydrogen is produced exploiting excess RES. Water electrolysis is carried out considering two different technologies alternatively: commercially mature low temperature alkaline electrolysers (AEL) and innovative high temperature solid oxide electrolysers (SOEC). A first conversion of hydrogen and CO2 takes place in a catalytic reactor where methanol is synthesised through the hydrogenation process. Methanol is then purified in a distillation column. Depending on the final application, methanol can be further converted into DME through catalytic dehydration in another catalytic reactor. The chemical (either methanol or DME) is stored at ambient conditions and used as necessary. To predict the performance of the main components and of the overall system, numerical simulation models were developed using the software Aspen Plus. The performance and efficiencies of each section and of the overall systems were evaluated through extensive mass and energy balances. Globally, the overall power-to-liquids efficiency was found to be above 0.55 for all the different configurations, both considering a powerto-methanol or a power-to-DME process.

scholarly journals Optimal Configuration of Multi-type Energy Storage for Integrated Energy System Considering Multi-energy Trading With Load Substitution

2021 ◽  
Vol 237 ◽  
pp. 02016
Author(s):  
Jun Wang ◽  
Wei Du ◽  
Dongmei Yang ◽  
Guoxin He ◽  
Xiaochen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Optimal Configuration ◽  
Configuration Model ◽  
Energy Trading ◽  
Integrated Energy Systems ◽  
Integrated Energy System ◽  
The Impact

How to consider the impact of load substitution on user-side participating in multi-energy trading on system operation when configuring multi-type energy storage (MES) is an urgent problem that needs to be solved to improve the economics and energy efficiency of the integrated energy systems (IES). This paper presents an optimal configuration method of MES considering multi-energy trading with load substitution based on the characteristics of different energy supply seasons. Firstly, the multi-energy trading framework and MES configuration principle are proposed based on the structure of the IES. Secondly, a MES optimal configuration model for IES considering multi-energy trading with load substitution is established, then the IES trading strategies and MES planning schemes are solved. Finally, the proposed method is verified by an example. The results show that the proposed method reduces the MES configuration cost by 8.9%. It can be seen that the MES configuration method proposed in this paper is helpful to repair the limitations of energy storage configuration research in IES and improve the economic benefits of the system.

Comparative Study of New Construction and Renovation Project Based on Carbon Emission

2014 ◽  
Vol 1008-1009 ◽  
pp. 1269-1273
Author(s):  
Xi Jing Qi ◽  
Lu Xu Peng ◽  
Jian Lou
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Maintenance Phase ◽  
Recovery Phase ◽  
Calculation Model ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Carbon Reduction ◽  
Highly Correlated

Carbon emission is the final standard to test green building, and it's highly correlated with PM2.5. So, it's very important to establish a clear urban carbon reduction target to research accumulation and assessment framework of carbon emissions data, also, it's more important to establish a calculation model with high reliability of carbon emission used to evaluate the data. The carbon emission of construction is an important criterion to evaluate low-carbon index of construction. In this article, it takes a detailed analysis of carbon emission factors in .the construction life cycle with construction phase, usage and maintenance phase, and demolition recovery phase. At the same time, by the contrast and analysis, we can see that carbon emissions of renovation projects are much smaller than that of new projects, and making recommendations for reducing emissions.

scholarly journals Classification and Analysis of Optimization Techniques for Integrated Energy Systems Utilizing Renewable Energy Sources: A Review for CHP and CCHP Systems

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ali Bagherian ◽  
Kamyar Mehranzamir ◽  
Amin Beiranvand Pour ◽  
Shahabaldin Rezania ◽  
Elham Taghavi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Evolutionary Computing ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Integrated Energy Systems

Energy generation and its utilization is bound to increase in the following years resulting in accelerating depletion of fossil fuels, and consequently, undeniable damages to our environment. Over the past decade, despite significant efforts in renewable energy realization and developments for electricity generation, carbon dioxide emissions have been increasing rapidly. This is due to the fact that there is a need to go beyond the power sector and target energy generation in an integrated manner. In this regard, energy systems integration is a concept that looks into how different energy systems, or forms, can connect together in order to provide value for consumers and producers. Cogeneration and trigeneration are the two most well established technologies that are capable of producing two or three different forms of energy simultaneously within a single system. Integrated energy systems make for a very strong proposition since it results in energy saving, fuel diversification, and supply of cleaner energy. Optimization of such systems can be carried out using several techniques with regards to different objective functions. In this study, a variety of optimization methods that provides the possibility of performance improvements, with or without presence of constraints, are demonstrated, pinpointing the characteristics of each method along with detailed statistical reports. In this context, optimization techniques are classified into two primary groups including unconstrained optimization and constrained optimization techniques. Further, the potential applications of evolutionary computing in optimization of Integrated Energy Systems (IESs), particularly Combined Heat and Power (CHP) and Combined Cooling, Heating, and Power (CCHP), utilizing renewable energy sources are grasped and reviewed thoroughly. It was illustrated that the employment of classical optimization methods is fading out, replacing with evolutionary computing techniques. Amongst modern heuristic algorithms, each method has contributed more to a certain application; while the Genetic Algorithm (GA) was favored for thermoeconomic optimization, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) was mostly applied for economic improvements. Given the mathematical nature and constraint satisfaction property of Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP), this method is gaining prominence for scheduling applications in energy systems.

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