Recipe of Lightweight Slurry with High Early Strength of the Resultant Cement Sheath

Admixtures of mineral or waste filling materials are used to reduce slurry density. However, the sheath made of lightweight cement slurry has low mechanical performance at the initial bonding time. The required strength is achieved later. This is the main problem when evaluating the cement bond logging. The waiting time for geophysical measurements after injecting and bonding of cement is nowadays increasingly shortened. This is forced by economic factors. Too early geophysical measurements may result in obtaining a false indication of the cement bond logging. The lack of cement or partial bonding, despite the presence of slurry in the annular space is then found. The slurry developed by the author achieves high compressive strength after a short bonding time. Reducing the amount of water in the slurry resulted in a lowered filtration value. This is important in preventing gas migration after the cementing. The designed slurry also reaches the value of 3.5 MPa in a short time. This allows for an earlier commencement of a well drilling. The use of said slurry improves the effectiveness of the well sealing and makes it possible to obtain a reliable knowledge of the bond logging.

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Possibilities of Limiting Migration of Natural Gas in Boreholes in the Context of Laboratory Studies

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14144251 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (14) ◽

pp. 4251

Author(s):

Marcin Kremieniewski ◽

Rafał Wiśniowski ◽

Stanisław Stryczek ◽

Grzegorz Orłowicz

Keyword(s):

Structural Strength ◽

Oil Industry ◽

Hardened Cement ◽

Gas Migration ◽

Technological Parameters ◽

Cement Slurry ◽

Cement Sheath ◽

Selection Of

Gas migration through fresh and hardened cement slurry is an ongoing problem in the oil industry. In order to eliminate this unfavourable phenomenon, research is being conducted on new compositions of slurries for gas wells. The article presents the results of research for slurries with low and high resistance to gas migration. The proper selection of the quantity and quality of components makes it possible to design slurry with the required static structural strength values. In addition, the cement sheath of such anti-migration slurry has low porosity and a very low proportion of large pore spaces. Additionally, the mechanical parameters do not decrease during long-term deposition in borehole-like conditions. By obtaining these results, it was possible to design slurry whose cement sheath has high corrosion resistance. The new slurry has a lower water-cement ratio. Additionally, GS anti-migration copolymer, anti-filter additive and latex are used. The presence of n-SiO2 aqueous solution and microcement allows for sealing the microstructure of the hardened cement slurry. Such modifications significantly improve the technological parameters of the cement slurry and the cement coat formed from it.

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Experimental Study of Gas Migration Prevention Through Cement Slurry Using Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose

10.2118/170538-ms ◽

2014 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ghulam Abbas ◽

Sonny Irawan ◽

Sandeep Kumar ◽

Shuaib Ahmed Kalwar

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Gas Migration ◽

Cement Slurry

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Infill Depleted Gas Well Cementing Challenges for Offshore Myanmar Drilling Operations

10.2118/201010-ms ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ajita Ang C K Ang ◽

Avinash A Kumar Kumar ◽

Syazwan B A Ghani Ghani ◽

Nann N N Maung Nann ◽

M Hanif Yusof Yusoff ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Production ◽

Cement Slurry ◽

Water Contact ◽

Gas Well ◽

Well Drilling ◽

Depletion Rate ◽

Open Hole ◽

Drilling Operations ◽

Sensitivity Studies ◽

Remedial Work

Abstract Infill well drilling was planned and executed to increase production in a significantly depleted field. A total of 3 infill wells were drilled in 2 different layers of reservoir for an offshore operator in Myanmar. In the offset wells, water production had become significantly higher throughout. Previously all offset wells in this field were completed with open hole sand screens was chosen to isolate the water bearing sand in the sand reservoir below. Pore pressure prognosis were calculated from offset well depletion rate. Reservoir formation properties is assumed to be same throughout the field. The first well was drilled and was found that there were two gas water contacts through the 3 targeted sand layers. The gas water contact and WUT (Water Up To) in this well were unexpected and it was prognosed that these gas water contact are there due to compartmentalization. The 7" liner were set and cemented throughout these reservoirs. The cement job went as per the plan and there were no losses recorded during cementing. However, initial cement log did not show isolation. 2 more runs of cement log were performed 6 days and 10 days later while conducting intervention activities on other wells. All three cement log came to the same conclusion, showing no isolation throughout the annulus of the 7" production liner. Significant amount of gas had percolated into the annulus over time. Despite no evidence of poor cement slurry design observed during running various sensitivity studies and post-job lab tests final cement log, which was conducted under pressure and confirmed no hydraulic isolation. A cement remedial job was planned and an investigation was conducted to identify the plausible root causes. This paper explains on the root causes of poor cement presence in the annulus, and the remedial work that took place to rectify the issue.

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Humic acid assisted stabilization of dispersed single-walled carbon nanotubes in cementitious composites

Nanotechnology Reviews ◽

10.1515/ntrev-2019-0046 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 513-522 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Tao Hu ◽

Hongwen Jing ◽

Luan Li ◽

Qian Yin ◽

Xinshuai Shi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Humic Acid ◽

Mechanical Performance ◽

Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Cementitious Composites ◽

Cement Slurry ◽

Sem Images ◽

Single Walled Carbon ◽

Alkaline Environment ◽

Walled Carbon Nanotubes

AbstractSignificant research has been done in recent decades in the field of the dispersion of carbon nanotubes in aqueous solutions and the reinforcement of ordinary Portland cement (OPC). However, the cementitious mixture, as an alkaline environment, easily leads to the re-agglomeration of dispersed single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and influences their enhancing effects. Humic acid (HA) is a type of natural organic matter which can assist the stabilization of dispersed single-walled carbon nanotubes in cementitious composites. The present study characterizes the influence of HA in stabilizing the dispersion of SWCNTs by means of ultraviolet spectrophotometer tests. The fluidity of fresh cement slurry and mechanical performance of hardened OPC pastes were measured to better illustrate the dispersion of SWCNTs in real cement composites. The results not only reveal that the addition of an alkaline environment to the SWCNT suspensions results in a rapid decrease of the dispersion, but also suggest that the appropriate content of HA (0.12 wt.%) can play a significant role in stabilizing the dispersion of SWCNTs. When the mixed hybrid of SWCNTs and HA with a concentration of HA/c equal to 0.05 wt.% is used, the fluidity of the fresh cement slurry experiences a maximum decline and this mixture content of materials will dramatically increase the compressive and flexural strength by about 31% and 48%, which indicates that more SWCNTs are in a dispersed state under this concentration. SEM images further prove that a suitable HA/c can inhibit the expansion of cracks in the cementitious composites.

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Enhanced Cement Composition for Preventing Annular Gas Migration

Volume 8: Polar and Arctic Sciences and Technology; Petroleum Technology ◽

10.1115/omae2019-95589 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

George Kwatia ◽

Mustafa Al Ramadan ◽

Saeed Salehi ◽

Catalin Teodoriu

Keyword(s):

Oil And Gas ◽

Oil And Gas Industry ◽

Oil Well ◽

Gas Migration ◽

Cement Slurry ◽

Gas Industry ◽

Well Integrity ◽

Transit Times ◽

Well Cement ◽

Gas Tight

Abstract Cementing operations in deepwater exhibit many challenges worldwide due to shallow flows. Cement sheath integrity and durability play key roles in the oil and gas industry, particularly during drilling and completion stages. Cement sealability serves in maintaining the well integrity by preventing fluid migration to surface and adjacent formations. Failure of cement to seal the annulus can lead to serious dilemmas that may result in loss of well integrity. Gas migration through cemented annulus has been a major issue in the oil and gas industry for decades. Anti-gas migration additives are usually mixed with the cement slurry to combat and prevent gas migration. In fact, these additives enhance and improve the cement sealability, bonding, and serve in preventing microannuli evolution. Cement sealability can be assessed and evaluated by their ability to seal and prevent any leakage through and around the cemented annulus. Few laboratory studies have been conducted to evaluate the sealability of oil well cement. In this study, a setup was built to simulate the gas migration through and around the cement. A series of experiments were conducted on these setups to examine the cement sealability of neat Class H cement and also to evaluate the effect of anti-gas migration additives on the cement sealability. Different additives were used in this setup such as microsilica, fly ash, nanomaterials and latex. Experiments conducted in this work revealed that the cement (without anti-gas migration additive) lack the ability to seal the annulus. Cement slurries prepared with latex improved the cement sealability and mitigated gas migration for a longer time compared to the other slurries. The cement slurry formulated with a commercial additive completely prevented gas migration and proved to be a gas tight. Also, it was found that slurries with short gas transit times have a decent potential to mitigate gas migration, and this depends on the additives used to prepare the cement slurry.

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Ultra-Lightweight Cement Slurry to Seal Wellbore of Poor Wellbore Stability

Energies ◽

10.3390/en13123124 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (12) ◽

pp. 3124 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Marcin Kremieniewski

Keyword(s):

Control Sample ◽

Wellbore Stability ◽

Rheological Parameters ◽

Light Weight ◽

Technological Parameters ◽

Cement Slurry ◽

Sedimentation Stability ◽

Cement Sheath ◽

Sheath Structure ◽

Poor Stability

The article presents the recipe for ultra-lightweight cement slurry for wellbore sealing. In ordinary lightweight cement slurries, the addition of microspheres and a large amount of water are used to maintain rheological parameters. This is a problem because the light particles of microspheres segregate. The cement sheath from such a cement slurry has an anisotropic microstructure and does not stabilize the casing column. In the new ultra-light cement slurry, 60% aluminosilicate microspheres and a large amount of water were used. The ultra-light weight slurry has a density below 1.2 g/cm3. This cement slurry does not segregates and in the sedimentation stability test has the same density at all measuring points. The cement slurry, despite the larger amount of water, has the same filtration as the control sample. The technological parameters of the slurry are adapted to the borehole conditions. Cement slurry is a ready-made application to seal a borehole with poor wellbore stability under conditions of 40 °C and 10 MPa pressure. The cement sheath structure in the wellbore after binding is homogeneous. The use of such slurry allows to reduce the risk of wall damage in wellbores of poor stability.

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Gas Migration Prevention Using Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose as a Multifunctional Additive in Oil Well Cement Slurry

10.2118/169643-ms ◽

2013 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ghulam Abbas ◽

Sonny Irawan ◽

Sandeep Kumar ◽

Muhammad Nisar Khan ◽

Shuaib Memon

Keyword(s):

Oil Well ◽

Gas Migration ◽

Cement Slurry ◽

Multifunctional Additive ◽

Oil Well Cement ◽

Well Cement

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Wheelchairs propulsion analysis: review

Fisioterapia em Movimento ◽

10.1590/s0103-51502012000100018 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 185-194 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yoshimasa Sagawa Júnior ◽

Alessandro Haupenthal ◽

Noé Gomes Borges Junior ◽

Daniela Pacheco dos Santos ◽

Eric Watelain

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Performance ◽

Elbow Flexion ◽

Wheelchair Propulsion ◽

Tire Pressure ◽

Wheelchair Users ◽

Time Period ◽

Methods Of Evaluation ◽

Study Results ◽

Search For Information ◽

Short Time

OBJECTIVES: To analyze aspects related with wheelchair propulsion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In order to delineate this review the search for information was carried out within electronics databases, using the following descriptors: "wheelchair propulsion", "wheelchair biomechanics" e "wheelchair users". Full papers published in English and French were included in the study. RESULTS: The wheelchair propulsion is a complex movement that requires the execution of repeated bi manual forces applications during a short time period. In this movement high levels of force must be produced due to the bad mechanical performance of the wheelchair. Could be characterized that wheelchair users are not satisfied with their wheelchair, the places are not adapted to their presence and lack of specific criteria for the adjustment of this equipment. The main points to look at are the seat height in relation to elbow flexion (100-120 degrees) with his hand in the propulsion rim and tire pressure. The semicircular mode of technique propulsion seems to be more appropriate; in this pattern the wheelchair user returns his hand under the rim after propulsion. Efforts in wheelchairs are high and the incidence of injuries in wheelchair users is high. CONCLUSION: One can conclude that in spite of researchers’ efforts there are still many divergences between topics and methods of evaluation, what makes difficult to apply the experimental results to the wheelchairs users’ daily life.

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