scholarly journals A Framework for Offering Short-Term Demand-Side Flexibility to a Flexibility Marketplace

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 3612
Author(s):  
Stig Ødegaard Ottesen ◽  
Martin Haug ◽  
Heidi S. Nygård
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Transmission Congestion ◽  
Power Sector ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Local Flexibility ◽  
System Operator ◽  
Variable Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Baseline Estimation

The decarbonization of the power sector involves electrification and a massive deployment of variable renewable energy sources, leading to an increase of local transmission congestion and ramping challenges. A possible solution to secure grid stability is local flexibility markets, in which prosumers can offer demand-side flexibility to the distribution system operator or other flexibility buyers through an aggregator. The purpose of this study was to develop a framework for estimating and offering short-term demand-side flexibility to a flexibility marketplace, with the main focus being baseline estimation and bid generation. The baseline is estimated based on forecasts that have been corrected for effects from earlier flexibility activations and potential planned use of internal flexibility. Available flexibility volumes are then estimated based on the baseline, physical properties of the flexibility asset and agreed constraints for baseline deviation. The estimated available flexibility is further formatted into a bid that may be offered to a flexibility marketplace, where buyers can buy and activate the offered flexibility, in whole or by parts. To illustrate and verify the proposed methodology, it was applied to a grocery warehouse. Based on real flexibility constraints, historic meter values, and forecasts for this use-case, we simulated a process where the flexibility is offered to a hypothetic flexibility marketplace through an aggregator.

Optimization problem for meeting distribution system operator requests in local flexibility markets with distributed energy resources

2018 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 881-895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pol Olivella-Rosell ◽  
Eduard Bullich-Massagué ◽  
Mònica Aragüés-Peñalba ◽  
Andreas Sumper ◽  
Stig Ødegaard Ottesen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Distributed Energy Resources ◽  
Distributed Energy ◽  
Local Flexibility ◽  
System Operator

scholarly journals Reactive Power Management Considering Stochastic Optimization under the Portuguese Reactive Power Policy Applied to DER in Distribution Networks

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 4028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abreu ◽  
Soares ◽  
Carvalho ◽  
Morais ◽  
Simão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Management ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Optimal Power Flow ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
System Operator

Challenges in the coordination between the transmission system operator (TSO) and the distribution system operator (DSO) have risen continuously with the integration of distributed energy resources (DER). These technologies have the possibility to provide reactive power support for system operators. Considering the Portuguese reactive power policy as an example of the regulatory framework, this paper proposes a methodology for proactive reactive power management of the DSO using the renewable energy sources (RES) considering forecast uncertainty available in the distribution system. The proposed method applies a stochastic sequential alternative current (AC)-optimal power flow (SOPF) that returns trustworthy solutions for the DSO and optimizes the use of reactive power between the DSO and DER. The method is validated using a 37-bus distribution network considering real data. Results proved that the method improves the reactive power management by taking advantage of the full capabilities of the DER and by reducing the injection of reactive power by the TSO in the distribution network and, therefore, reducing losses.

scholarly journals DSO Strategies Proposal for the LV Grid of the Future

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (19) ◽  
pp. 6327
Author(s):  
Bartłomiej Mroczek ◽  
Paweł Pijarski
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Power Conversion ◽  
Power Input ◽  
Operating Efficiency ◽  
Management Service ◽  
Strategy Selection ◽  
Volume Management ◽  
Significant Challenge ◽  
System Operator

A significant challenge for the DSO (Distribution System Operator) will be to choose the optimum strategy for flexibility service in the LV area with high RES (renewable energy sources) penetration. To this end, a representative LV grid operated in Poland was selected for analysis. Three research scenarios with RES generation were presented in the range of 1–8 kW for the power factor from 0.9 to 1. The grid PV capacity was determined for four load profiles. Based on this factor, optimum RES volume management service types were determined. Under the flexibility service, the proposed power conversion services and active RES operations for DOS were proposed. The research was conducted using the Matlab and PowerWorld Simulator environment. Optimum active power values were obtained for the RES generation function for single and dual operation systems of the power conversion system. In future, the knowledge in the field of grid capacity will enable the DSO to increase the operating efficiency of the LV grid. It will enable the optimum use of the RES generation maximisation function and proper strategy selection. It will improve the energy efficiency of the power input through the MV/LV node.

scholarly journals ANN based Short-Term Load Curve Forecasting

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 938-955
Author(s):  
Violeta Eugenia Chis ◽  
Constantin Barbulescu ◽  
Stefan Kilyeni ◽  
Simona Dzitac
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Load Forecasting ◽  
Software Tool ◽  
Regression Curve ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Load Curve ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
Short Term Load Forecasting ◽  
System Operator ◽  
Linear Regression Curve

A software tool developed in Matlab for short-term load forecasting (STLF) is presented. Different forecasting methods such as artificial neural networks, multiple linear regression, curve fitting have been integrated into a stand-alone application with a graphical user interface. Real power consumption data have been used. They have been provided by the branches of the distribution system operator from the Southern-Western part of the Romanian Power System. This paper is an extended variant of [4].

scholarly journals Demand-Side Management of Smart Distribution Grids Incorporating Renewable Energy Sources

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerardo J. Osório ◽  
Miadreza Shafie-khah ◽  
Mohamed Lotfi ◽  
Bernardo J. M. Ferreira-Silva ◽  
João P. S. Catalão
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Demand Response ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Demand Side Management ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Distribution Grids

The integration of renewable energy resources (RES) (such as wind and photovoltaic (PV)) on large or small scales, in addition to small generation units, and individual producers, has led to a large variation in energy production, adding uncertainty to power systems (PS) due to the inherent stochasticity of natural resources. The implementation of demand-side management (DSM) in distribution grids (DGs), enabled by intelligent electrical devices and advanced communication infrastructures, ensures safer and more economical operation, giving more flexibility to the intelligent smart grid (SG), and consequently reducing pollutant emissions. Consumers play an active and key role in modern SG as small producers, using RES or through participation in demand response (DR) programs. In this work, the proposed DSM model follows a two-stage stochastic approach to deal with uncertainties associated with RES (wind and PV) together with demand response aggregators (DRA). Three types of DR strategies offered to consumers are compared. Nine test cases are modeled, simulated, and compared in order to analyze the effects of the different DR strategies. The purpose of this work is to minimize DG operating costs from the Distribution System Operator (DSO) point-of-view, through the analysis of different levels of DRA presence, DR strategies, and price variations.

scholarly journals Local Markets for Flexibility Trading: Key Stages and Enablers

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Minniti ◽  
Niyam Haque ◽  
Phuong Nguyen ◽  
Guus Pemen
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Markets ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Value Stream ◽  
Electricity System ◽  
A Value ◽  
Local Flexibility

The European energy transition is leading to a transformed electricity system, where Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) will play a substantial role. Renewable Energy Sources (RES) will challenge the key operational obligation of real-time balancing and the need for flexibility will consequently increase. The introduction of a local flexibility market (LFM) would allow the trading of flexibility supplied by both producing and consuming units at the distribution level, providing market access to DERs, a support tool for Distribution System Operators (DSOs) and a value stream for energy suppliers. Aggregators and DSOs for different reasons can enhance the valuation of flexible DERs. Several research papers have assumed aggregators fully interacting with the electricity markets and DSOs contracting services with power system actors. These interactions are still not allowed in many European countries. This article aims to analyze the European regulation to identify the most important enablers and pave the way towards the full exploitation of DER flexibility, culminating in the establishment of an LFM. Therefore, three main stages, emerging from the progressive withdrawal of the current regulatory and market barriers, are identified: (1) enabling the aggregator’s trading, (2) evolution of the DSO’s role, and (3) key-design challenges of an LFM.

scholarly journals Short-Term Cooperative Operational Scheme of Distribution System with High Hosting Capacity of Renewable-Energy-Based Distributed Generations

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (19) ◽  
pp. 6340
Author(s):  
Chan-Hyeok Oh ◽  
Joon-Ho Choi ◽  
Sang-Yun Yun ◽  
Seon-Ju Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Test System ◽  
Network Reconfiguration ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Distributed Generations ◽  
Operation Method ◽  
Output Fluctuations

As the interconnection of renewable-energy-based distributed generations (DGs) to the distribution system increases, the local and temporary voltage and current problems, which are difficult to resolve with the existing operation method, are becoming serious. In this study, we propose a short-term operational method that can effectively resolve voltage and current violations caused by instantaneous output fluctuations of DGs in a system with a high hosting capacity of renewable energy sources. To achieve the objectives, a modified heuristic network reconfiguration method, and a method determining the maximum power output limit of individual DGs are proposed. We propose a cooperative method for controlling the power output fluctuations of renewable-energy-based DGs, which includes voltage control, network reconfiguration, and power curtailment. The proposed algorithm was verified through case studies by using a test system implemented in MATLAB environments. It can effectively resolve violations caused by DGs while minimizing the number of switching operations and power curtailment. The proposed method is an appropriate operation method to be applied to the real system as it can cope with the instantaneous output fluctuation of DGs, which was not dealt with in the existing operation method.

scholarly journals The Regulatory Framework for Market Transparency in Future Power Systems under the Web-of-Cells Concept

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktorija Bobinaite ◽  
Marialaura Di Somma ◽  
Giorgio Graditi ◽  
Irina Oleinikova
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Market ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Voltage Control ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Market Transparency ◽  
Disclosure Of Information ◽  
System Operator ◽  
Wholesale Electricity Market ◽  
The Web

This paper investigates the regulatory rules of market transparency which could be applied within the wholesale electricity market and market for frequency and voltage control in the Web-of-Cells (WoC) decentralized power control architecture, which has been developed in the ELECTRA Project to respond the challenges and needs of the future power system (2030+). In this decentralized functional architecture for frequency and voltage control, the European Union (EU) power grid is divided into grid control areas, i.e., cells, which are defined as portions of the grid having adequate monitoring infrastructure and local reserves capacity, allowing voltage and balancing (frequency) problems to be solved at cell level, under the responsibility of a Cell System Operator (CSO) (present Distribution System Operator (DSO)/Transmission System Operator (TSO)). In order to foster the practical realization of the WoC-based architecture, the related wholesale electricity market and market for frequency and voltage control are proposed considering the competitive market principles, including transparency. The critical review of the existing EU regulations dealing with this issue suggests respecting the valid provisions on market transparency while tailoring them into the WoC-based architecture. Moreover, in order to take into account the WoC peculiarities, a set of integrations to the current regulatory rules is also proposed, addressing: (1) disclosure of information in respect to attributes of emerging technologies such as renewable energy sources (RES), distributed energy resources (DER), storage; (2) provision of generation and load forecast information; (3) process of procurement of flexibilities; (4) retail market transparency; (5) disclosure of privacy-sensitive household attributes; and (6) disclosure of information on market for frequency and voltage control.

Assessing the value and impact of demand side response using whole-system approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 231 (6) ◽  
pp. 498-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danny Pudjianto ◽  
Goran Strbac
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
System Approach ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Transmission System ◽  
Investment Model ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Electricity System ◽  
System Operator ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Demand Side Response

This paper describes the whole-system based model called Whole-electricity System Investment Model to quantify the benefits of demand flexibility. Whole-electricity System Investment Model is a holistic and comprehensive electricity system analysis model, which simultaneously optimises the long-term investment decisions against real-time operation decisions taking into account the flexibility provided by demand. The optimisation considers the impact of demand side response across all power subsystems, i.e. generation, transmission and distribution systems, in a coordinated fashion. This allows the model to capture the potential conflicts and synergies between different applications of demand side response in supporting particularly intermittency management at the national level, improving capacity margin, and minimising the cost of electrification. The impact and value of demand side response driven by whole-system approach are compared against the impact and value of distribution system operator or transmission system operator centric (silo approaches) demand side response applications and the importance of control coordination between distribution system operator and transmission system operator for optimal demand side response is discussed and highlighted.

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