scholarly journals A Critical Review on the Control Strategies Applied to PCM-Enhanced Buildings

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1929
Author(s):  
Gohar Gholamibozanjani ◽  
Mohammed Farid
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Control ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Classical Control ◽  
Cost Shift

The incorporation of phase change materials (PCM) in buildings has the potential to enhance the thermal efficiency of buildings, reduce energy cost, shift peak load, and eventually reduce air pollution and mitigate global warming. However, the initial capital cost of PCM is still high, and thus the establishment of a control strategy has become essential to optimize its use in buildings in an effort to lower investment costs. In this paper, an extensive review has been made with regard to various control strategies applied to PCM-enhanced buildings, such as ON/OFF control, conventional control methods (classical control, optimal, adaptive, and predictive control) and intelligent controls. The advantages and disadvantages of each control strategy are evaluated. The paper further discusses the opportunities and challenges associated with the design of PCM-enhanced buildings in combination with control strategies.

Application of Combined Feedforward and Feedback Controller With Shaped Input to Benchmark Problem

2010 ◽  
Vol 132 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Joo Shin ◽  
Peter H. Meckl
Keyword(s):  
Feedback Control ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Control Design ◽  
Single Frequency ◽  
Benchmark Problems ◽  
Control Force ◽  
Benchmark Problem ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Robust Control Design

Benchmark problems have been used to evaluate the performance of a variety of robust control design methodologies by many control engineers over the past 2 decades. A benchmark is a simple but meaningful problem to highlight the advantages and disadvantages of different control strategies. This paper verifies the performance of a new control strategy, which is called combined feedforward and feedback control with shaped input (CFFS), through a benchmark problem applied to a two-mass-spring system. CFFS, which consists of feedback and feedforward controllers and shaped input, can achieve high performance with a simple controller design. This control strategy has several unique characteristics. First, the shaped input is designed to extract energy from the flexible modes, which means that a simpler feedback control design based on a rigid-body model can be used. In addition, only a single frequency must be attenuated to reduce residual vibration of both masses. Second, only the dynamics between control force and the first mass need to be considered in designing both feedback and feedforward controllers. The proposed control strategy is applied to a benchmark problem and its performance is compared with that obtained using two alternative control strategies.

scholarly journals Model Predictive Control with a Relaxed Cost Function for Constrained Linear Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
David Sotelo ◽  
Antonio Favela-Contreras ◽  
Viacheslav V. Kalashnikov ◽  
Carlos Sotelo
Keyword(s):  
Model Predictive Control ◽  
Cost Function ◽  
State Space ◽  
Predictive Control ◽  
Discrete Time ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
State Space Model ◽  
Control Technique ◽  
Space Model

The Model Predictive Control technique is widely used for optimizing the performance of constrained multi-input multi-output processes. However, due to its mathematical complexity and heavy computation effort, it is mainly suitable in processes with slow dynamics. Based on the Exact Penalization Theorem, this paper presents a discrete-time state-space Model Predictive Control strategy with a relaxed performance index, where the constraints are implicitly defined in the weighting matrices, computed at each sampling time. The performance validation for the Model Predictive Control strategy with the proposed relaxed cost function uses the simulation of a tape transport system and a jet transport aircraft during cruise flight. Without affecting the tracking performance, numerical results show that the execution time is notably decreased compared with two well-known discrete-time state-space Model Predictive Control strategies. This makes the proposed Model Predictive Control mainly suitable for constrained multivariable processes with fast dynamics.

scholarly journals Detumbling a Non-Cooperative Space Target With Unknown Inertial Parameters Using a Space Manipulator Subjected to End-Effector Force/Torque Limits

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabindra A. Gangapersaud
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategy ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Robust Adaptive Control ◽  
Space Robot ◽  
End Effector ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Inertial Parameters ◽  
Torque Measurements ◽  
Tumbling Motion ◽  
Space Target

This study addresses the problem of detumbling a non-cooperative space target, such as a malfunctioning satellite, using a space robot for the purpose of performing on-orbit servicing. The space robot is denoted as the servicer and consists of a satellite base equipped with a robotic manipulator. The formulation of a detumbling control strategy must respect limits on the grasping force and torque at the servicer’s end-effector without knowledge of the target’s inertial parameters (mass, inertia tensor, location of center of mass). In the literature, prior studies have formulated detumbling strategies under the assumption of accurate knowledge of the target’s inertial parameters. However, obtaining accurate estimates of the target’s inertial parameters is difficult, and parameter uncertainty may lead to instability and violation of the end-effector force/torque limits. This study will address the problem of detumbling a noncooperative target with unknown but bounded inertial parameters subjected to force/torque limits at the servicer’s end-effector. In this study, two detumbling control strategies are presented. The first detumbling strategy is presented under the assumption that force/torque measurements at the end-effector are available. Detumbling of the target is achieved by applying a reference force/torque to the target that is designed to bring the target’s tumbling motion to rest subjected to force/torque limits. To ensure stable detumbling of the target, a robust compensator is designed based on bounds of the target’s unknown inertial parameters. Furthermore, once the detumbling process starts, in order to reduce the robust control gains, bounds on the target’s unknown inertial parameters are estimated in real-time. The resultant detumbling controller enables the servicer to detumble the target while complying with the target’s unknown residual tumbling motion. The second detumbling control strategy is developed without the need of end-effector’s force/torque measurements and takes into account magnitude constraints on servicer’s control inputs in the detumbling controller’s design. Detumbling is achieved by tracking a desired detumbling trajectory that is delineated subjected to end-effector force/torque limits and requires bounds on the target’s inertial parameters. The hyperbolic tangent function is utilized to model the magnitude constraints on the servicer’s control inputs, resulting in a system that is non-affine in its control inputs. As a result, an augmented model of the servicer is presented to allow the formulation of the detumbling controller. Using bounds on the target’s inertial parameters, robust adaptive control approach is utilized to design the detumbling controller with the backstepping technique in order to track the desired detumbling trajectory and to reject the gained target’s momentum. Numerical simulation studies were conducted for both detumbling control strategies utilizing a servicer equipped with a 7-degree-of-freedom (DOF) manipulator. The results demonstrate that both control strategies are capable of detumbling a non-cooperative target with unknown inertial parameters subjected to force/torque limits. Experiments conducted with a 3-DOF manipulator demonstrate that the design procedure utilized to delineate the desired detumbling trajectory in the second detumbling strategy respects force/torque limits at the end effector. The study is concluded with a discussion comparing the two proposed detumbling strategies by highlighting their advantages and disadvantages.

scholarly journals Study on High Performance Control of the Machine-Side Converter of Doubly-Fed Turbines under Grid Distortion

2020 ◽  
Vol 185 ◽  
pp. 01060
Author(s):  
Huanruo Qi ◽  
Ningkang Zheng ◽  
Xiangyang Yan ◽  
Yilong Kang
Keyword(s):  
Reference Frame ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Dynamic Modelling ◽  
Performance Control ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Current Controller ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Doubly Fed

Two control strategies of DFIG under grid distortion are firstly summarized, namely, the control strategy of PI-R current controller based on dq reference frame and the control strategy of PI current controller based on the multiple rotating dq reference frame, and their advantages and disadvantages are analysed. On the basis of dynamic modelling of DFIG under grid distortion, in view of the defect that DFIG coupling is not considered in the control strategy of PI-R current controller based on dq reference frame, an improved control strategy considering motor coupling is proposed. In the end, the modelling and simulation of the unimproved and improved control strategies of PI-R current controller based on dq reference frame are carried out, and the simulation results verified the effectiveness of the improved control strategy.

scholarly journals Predictive-Fixed Switching Current Control Strategy Applied to Six-Phase Induction Machine

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osvaldo Gonzalez ◽  
Magno Ayala ◽  
Jesus Doval-Gandoy ◽  
Jorge Rodas ◽  
Raul Gregor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Control ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
High Harmonic ◽  
Induction Machine ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Current Control ◽  
Switching Frequency ◽  
Multiphase Motor

In applications such as multiphase motor drives, classical predictive control strategies are characterized by a variable switching frequency which adds high harmonic content and ripple in the stator currents. This paper proposes a model predictive current control adding a modulation stage based on a switching pattern with the aim of generating a fixed switching frequency. Hence, the proposed controller takes into account the prediction of the two adjacent active vectors and null vector in the ( α - β ) frame defined by space vector modulation in order to reduce the (x-y) currents according to a defined cost function at each sampling period. Both simulation and experimental tests for a six-phase induction motor drive are provided and compared to the classical predictive control to validate the feasibility of the proposed control strategy.

scholarly journals Control strategies for cleaning robots in domestic applications: A comprehensive review

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 172988141985743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaeseok Kim ◽  
Anand Kumar Mishra ◽  
Raffaele Limosani ◽  
Marco Scafuro ◽  
Nino Cauli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Position Control ◽  
Impedance Control ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Service Robots ◽  
Control Force ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Classical Control

Service robots are built and developed for various applications to support humans as companion, caretaker, or domestic support. As the number of elderly people grows, service robots will be in increasing demand. Particularly, one of the main tasks performed by elderly people, and others, is the complex task of cleaning. Therefore, cleaning tasks, such as sweeping floors, washing dishes, and wiping windows, have been developed for the domestic environment using service robots or robot manipulators with several control approaches. This article is primarily focused on control methodology used for cleaning tasks. Specifically, this work mainly discusses classical control and learning-based controlled methods. The classical control approaches, which consist of position control, force control, and impedance control , are commonly used for cleaning purposes in a highly controlled environment. However, classical control methods cannot be generalized for cluttered environment so that learning-based control methods could be an alternative solution. Learning-based control methods for cleaning tasks can encompass three approaches: learning from demonstration (LfD), supervised learning (SL), and reinforcement learning (RL). These control approaches have their own capabilities to generalize the cleaning tasks in the new environment. For example, LfD, which many research groups have used for cleaning tasks, can generate complex cleaning trajectories based on human demonstration. Also, SL can support the prediction of dirt areas and cleaning motion using large number of data set. Finally, RL can learn cleaning actions and interact with the new environment by the robot itself. In this context, this article aims to provide a general overview of robotic cleaning tasks based on different types of control methods using manipulator. It also suggest a description of the future directions of cleaning tasks based on the evaluation of the control approaches.

Discussion on the Garbage Disposal Control System Based on DCS

2012 ◽  
Vol 229-231 ◽  
pp. 2188-2191
Author(s):  
Mei Xu
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Control System ◽  
Control Problem ◽  
Intelligent Control ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Paper Briefly ◽  
Garbage Disposal

The garbage disposal system is not a very large system,but it is a complex system..You need to take different control strategies according to different control objects, belonging to the control problem of the complexity of the uncertainty of the object (or process). Conventional control methods (such as PID, etc.) is difficult to implement effective control of such object.It is necessary to explore more effective control strategy. The paper briefly discusses the problem of intelligent control of the garbage disposal systems based on DCS.

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