scholarly journals Treatment of Light-Induced Degradation for Solar Cells in a p-PERC Solar Module via Induction Heating

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (19) ◽  
pp. 6352
Author(s):  
Min-gwang Seok ◽  
Junhee Kim ◽  
Yonghwan Lee ◽  
Yoonkap Kim ◽  
Yangdo Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Saturation Point ◽  
Solar Module ◽  
In Series ◽  
Degradation Activation Energy ◽  
Electrical State ◽  
Cyclic Reaction ◽  
Kinetics Simulation ◽  
Over Time

In the photovoltaic industry, there is great interest in increasing the power output of solar cells to achieve grid parity and to promote the widespread use of solar cells. However, despite many developments, a phenomenon called light-induced degradation causes the efficiency of solar cells to deteriorate over time. This study proposes a treatment that can be applied to cells within solar modules. It uses a half-bridge resonance circuit to induce a magnetic field and selectively heat Al electrodes in the solar cells. The electrical state of a solar module was measured in real time as it was being heated, and the results were combined with a kinetics simulation using a cyclic reaction. As the temperature of the solar module increased, the time taken to reach the saturation point and the recovery time decreased. Moreover, the value of the saturation point increased. The light-induced degradation activation energy was similar to results in the existing literature, suggesting that the kinetic model was valid and applicable even when 72 cells were connected in series. This demonstrates that an entire solar module can be treated when the cells are connected in series, and in future multiple modules, could be connected in series during treatment.

scholarly journals Safety Analysis of Solar Module under Partial Shading

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei He ◽  
Fengshou Liu ◽  
Jie Ji ◽  
Shengyao Zhang ◽  
Hongbing Chen
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Power Dissipation ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Heating Power ◽  
Maximum Point ◽  
Solar Module ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
Efficient Alternative

Hot spot often occurs in a module when the qualities of solar cells mismatch and bypass diodes are proved to be an efficient alternative to reduce the effect of hot spot. However, these principles choosing a diode are based on the parameters of bypass diodes and PV cells without consideration of the maximum heating power of the shaded cell, which may cause serious consequences. On this basis, this paper presents a new approach to investigate partially shaded cells in different numbers of PV cells and different shading scenarios, including inhomogeneous illumination among solar cells and incomplete shading in one cell, which innovatively combines the same cells or divides one affected cell into many small single cells and then combines the same ones, and analyzes the shaded cell. The results indicate that the maximum power dissipation of the shaded cell occurs at short-circuit conditions. With the number of solar cells increasing, the shaded cell transfers from generating power to dissipating power and there is a maximum point of power dissipation in different shading situations that may lead to severe hot spot. Adding up the heat converted from solar energy, the heating power can be higher. In this case, some improvements about bypass diodes are proposed to reduce hot spot.

Enhancement of the Photovoltaic Potential in Mimosa Pudica-Based Dye for Sensitization of the Working Electrode in the Construction of Solar Cell

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Manasseh B. Shitta ◽  
Emmanuel O.B. Ogedengbe ◽  
Oluwole B. Familoni ◽  
Oluwatoyin T. Ogundipe
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Organic Matrix ◽  
Tio2 Layer ◽  
Mimosa Pudica ◽  
Solar Module ◽  
Renewable Power ◽  
Diffusion Characteristics ◽  
In Series

Abstract The potential enhancement of extract from Mimosa pudica (M.pudica) leaf for sensitizing TiO2 layer towards the production of organic solar cell is investigated. A unique diffusion model that incorporates the concentration of the extract in the TiO2 layer is adopted. The diffusion characterization of the extract into the TiO2 provides a proper understanding of the dynamics of the extract within the layer. This research applies the combination of experimental and numerical techniques towards the investigation of the diffusion characteristics in Mimosa pudica extract. Experimental chromatograph of the extract is conducted in order to reveal the properties and concentration of the extract. Three different thickness of TiO2 deposit, and are sensitized at different hours in order to monitor the absorbance. Using the finite volume method (FVM), the adsorption and diffusion characteristics of the extract into the layer of TiO2 are modelled. The current voltage characteristics of the cell are combined in series as a standard module and its application modelled in an audited office space. The cell area characterised is 0.3848 cm2, the conversion efficiency of 1.35 % is obtained. The concentration model of the extract in TiO2 and the entrance velocity is presented. The experimental and numerical results compared favourably. However, it is anticipated that additional taxonomical characterization of M.pudica and advanced investigation into organic matrix composite will provide a useful guide for the synthesis of the natural dye and enhance the conversion efficiency of the solar module for renewable power generation.

Device Simulation of Perovskite/Silicon Tandem Solar Cell with Antireflective Coating

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gopal Krishna Burra ◽  
Dhriti Sundar Ghosh ◽  
Sanjay Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
Silicon Nitride ◽  
Optical Design ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Tandem Solar Cell ◽  
Tandem Solar Cells ◽  
In Series ◽  
Light Management

Abstract Semi-transparent perovskite solar cells have significant potential for their use in tandem solar cells with silicon (Si) or copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) materials. Light management and optical design are important for developing a highly efficient solar cell. Herein, numerical simulation of a perovskite/silicon tandem solar cell was performed using a Matlab analytical program. The single-diode model for a solar cell is used for simulation with ideal working conditions. The tandem solar cell is comprised of two configurations which are the thin film-based perovskite solar cell on top and a wafer-based silicon solar cell on the bottom, and the silicon sub-cell with silicon nitride (SiNx) anti-reflection coatings (ARC) in series-connected configuration. The material properties like energy bandgap, diffusion length, doping concentration are considered for calculating the device parameters. The bandgap and thickness of the perovskite material, refractive indices, photon flux, and wavelength of light are varied to calculate voltage, current, quantum efficiency, and other parameters of the tandem solar cell. The silicon sub-cell with silicon nitride (SiNx) anti-reflection coatings (ARC) in series-connected configuration decreased the reflectivity and increased the overall voltage and current of the tandem cell. The double-layer ARC films have increased the efficiency up to 1%. The efficiency of the two-terminal tandem device is found out to be over 32%. This work provides a pathway for further enhancing the power conversion efficiency of perovskite/Si tandem cells.

Cu Nanoparticle Array-Mediated III–V/Si Integration: Application in Series-Connected Tandem Solar Cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 3445-3453
Author(s):  
Hidenori Mizuno ◽  
Kikuo Makita ◽  
Toshimitsu Mochizuki ◽  
Takeshi Tayagaki ◽  
Takeyoshi Sugaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Nanoparticle Array ◽  
Tandem Solar Cells ◽  
In Series ◽  
Cu Nanoparticle

scholarly journals Wear of elastic tube with nonuniform coating by rigid bush

2020 ◽  
Vol 162 ◽  
pp. 02002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirill E. Kazakov
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Solution ◽  
Special Form ◽  
Special Functions ◽  
Contact Stresses ◽  
Elastic Tube ◽  
Analytical Representation ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
In Series ◽  
Separate Factor ◽  
Over Time

This article is devoted to the statement and construction of analytical solution of the wearcontact problem for a rigid bush and elastic pipe with a coating in the case when the coating is nonuniform. The presence of nonuniformity leads us to the necessity of constructing a solution in a special form over special functions, since standard methods does not allow us to effectively take into account the complex properties of the coating. Analytical representation for contact stresses under the bush is presented in series with separate factor, which connect with complex properties of coating. This allows provide effective calculation even if these properties are described by rapidly changing or discontinuous functions. It is also shown that contact stresses will be negligible over time.

Solar module using dye-sensitized solar cells with a polymer electrolyte

2008 ◽  
Vol 92 (9) ◽  
pp. 1110-1114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jilian Nei de Freitas ◽  
Claudia Longo ◽  
Ana Flávia Nogueira ◽  
Marco-Aurelio De Paoli
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Dye Sensitized Solar Cells ◽  
Solar Module ◽  
Dye Sensitized ◽  
Sensitized Solar Cells

scholarly journals Mechanical Degradation Analysis of an Amorphous Silicon Solar Module

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 4126
Author(s):  
Gilbert Osayemwenre ◽  
Edson Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Amorphous Silicon ◽  
Adhesion Force ◽  
Structural Defects ◽  
Mechanical Degradation ◽  
Solar Module ◽  
Photovoltaic Modules ◽  
Degradation Analysis ◽  
Defective Region

This work examines the degradation of photovoltaic modules. It assesses the structural defects of amorphous silicon solar cells, which result from mechanical stress at nanoscale level. Firstly, it analyses the interface morphology, deformation, and internal delamination of a single junction amorphous silicon solar module. Secondly, it explores the interface deformation of the layers of the defective region of the module with some statistical tools including root mean root (RSM) and arithmetic mean (Rq). It used the aforementioned tools to demonstrate the effect of microstructural defects on the mechanical behaviour of the entire layers of the module. The study established that the defect observed in the module, emanated from long-term degradation of the a-Si solar cells after years of exposure to various light and temperature conditions. It tested the mechanism of mechanical degradation and its effect on the reliability and stability of the defective and non-defective regions of the module with adhesion force characterisation.

scholarly journals Underlying mechanisms in microbial solar cells: how modeling can help

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 6004-6010
Author(s):  
Léna Beauzamy ◽  
Frédéric Lemaître ◽  
Julien Derr
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Rate Constants ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Over Time

Using modeling we uncoupled and quantified the different rate constants implicated in microbial solar cells: mediator fluxes in and out of microbes, oxidation at the electrode, photo-reduction inside the microbe, and degradation over time.

The Design and Analysis of a New Solar-Module Automated Cleaner

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Martin-Garcia ◽  
Brianna Huhmann ◽  
Alec Dryden ◽  
Shawn Duan
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Maximum Amount ◽  
Peak Efficiency ◽  
Solar Module ◽  
Iterative Design ◽  
Final Design

Abstract In the photovoltaic industry, it is very important that solar modules are kept clean and free of particulates so that the maximum amount of light can get through to the solar cells inside the glass. The development of the new solar-module automated cleaner (S-MAC) is presented in this paper could potentially help keep residential arrays clean and operating at peak efficiency. The design and analysis of the S-MAC is detailed. The S-MAC went through a series of iterative design, but a final design prevailed. In this final design, a cleaning module is deployed via stackable arms and power screws. The stackability of the arms and power screws allows the reach of the cleaning module to vary accounting for arrays that are asymmetric. The arms will also be translated across the array frame via rack and pinion. Thus, the S-MAC product will be adaptable to arrays of any size and even arrays of varying width. Calculations concerning the stresses on the arms during operation as well as calculations concerning how many supports are required to reduce stress on the glass, have been completed and are included in the following sections.

The impact of ribbon treatment on the interconnection of solar cells withina glass free PV module

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 95-99
Author(s):  
Piotr Sobik ◽  
Radosław Pawłowski ◽  
Anna Pluta ◽  
Olgierd Jeremiasz ◽  
Kazimierz Drabczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Relative Displacement ◽  
Structural Function ◽  
Solar Module ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Glass Fiber Composite ◽  
Environment Chamber ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the behavior of interconnections between solar cells in a glass-free solar modules. As glass weight can be a limitation, it is still interesting to investigate other types of systems, especially when the glass was replaced with a polymeric front sheet. Such systems can be more sensitive for the solar cell interconnection ribbon fatigue. Design/methodology/approach To examine this effect, the set of glass-based and glass-free modules were prepared using various ribbon thickness and treatment concerning its stretching or curving before lamination. Furthermore, additional reinforcement of the connection between the ribbon and the solar cell was proposed. The prepared modules were exposed to the cyclic temperature variation in the environment chamber. The number of cycles after which the interconnection maintains its conductivity was noted. Findings Changing the outer layers into more elastic ones requires additional care for the ribbon treatment because interconnections become more sensitive for a system relative displacement. To secure interconnection before fatigue an additional curving of ribbon between solar cells can be introduced whereas the best results were obtained for a system with aluminum plate laminated as an interlayer. Originality/value The paper presents a new system of a glass-free solar module based on epoxy-glass fiber composite as a backsheet. The glass front sheet was replaced with an elastic, transparent polymer. Such construction can be used in a system where the glass weight is a limitation. As glass has a structural function in traditional modules and limits fatigues of interconnections the proposed system requires additional ribbon treatment to preserve long module life-span.

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