scholarly journals Risk of Using Capillary Active Interior Insulation in a Cold Climate

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 6890
Author(s):  
David Antolinc ◽  
Katarina Černe ◽  
Zvonko Jagličić
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Freezing Temperature ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Moisture Profile ◽  
Central Eastern Europe ◽  
Water Condensation ◽  
Steady State Model ◽  
Heritage Buildings ◽  
Thermal Insulations ◽  
Continental Climate

The retrofitting of cultural heritage buildings for energy efficiency often requires the internal thermal insulation of external walls. Most of the in situ studies of capillary active interior insulation were performed in mild oceanic climate regions, and they showed an excellent performance. However, as a large part of Central–Eastern Europe belongs to a continental climate with cold winters and long periods of temperatures below the freezing temperature, the applicability of the capillary active interior insulation in cold climate was studied. The hydrothermal behaviour of the three walls was determined—each consists of one of three different interior insulations—and the original wall is made of historic regular solid bricks. Two interior thermal insulations were capillary active (aerated cellular concrete, calcium silicate) and one vapour-tight (glass foam). A hot box–cold box experiment and a steady-state model were used to demonstrate an increase in the original wall mass due to the water condensation only when the capillary active interior insulation is used. The combination of the water condensation and the low sub-zero temperature may lead to a risk of freeze–thaw damage to the original wall. The numerical simulation of the water vapour condensation for the considered walls for the Slovenian town Bled with sub-zero average winter temperatures was performed to obtain the whole temperature and moisture profile. It showed good agreement between an experimentally and numerically obtained amount of water condensation. The capillary active interior insulation proved to be unsuitable for improving the thermal insulation of buildings in cold continental climate, and only a vapour-tight system can be recommended.

scholarly journals Cool Roof Impact on Building Energy Need: The Role of Thermal Insulation with Varying Climate Conditions

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 3354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piselli ◽  
Pisello ◽  
Saffari ◽  
Gracia ◽  
Cotana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Building Energy Performance ◽  
Cool Roof ◽  
Solar Reflectance

Cool roof effectiveness in improving building thermal-energy performance is affected by different variables. In particular, roof insulation level and climate conditions are key parameters influencing cool roofs benefits and whole building energy performance. This work aims at assessing the role of cool roof in the optimum roof configuration, i.e., combination of solar reflectance capability and thermal insulation level, in terms of building energy performance in different climate conditions worldwide. To this aim, coupled dynamic thermal-energy simulation and optimization analysis is carried out. In detail, multi-dimensional optimization of combined building roof thermal insulation and solar reflectance is developed to minimize building annual energy consumption for heating–cooling. Results highlight how a high reflectance roof minimizes annual energy need for a small standard office building in the majority of considered climates. Moreover, building energy performance is more sensitive to roof solar reflectance than thermal insulation level, except for the coldest conditions. Therefore, for the selected building, the optimum roof typology presents high solar reflectance capability (0.8) and no/low insulation level (0.00–0.03 m), except for extremely hot or cold climate zones. Accordingly, this research shows how the classic approach of super-insulated buildings should be reframed for the office case toward truly environmentally friendly buildings.

Applicability Analysis of Selected Methods of Determining the Moisture Content of Highly Porous Thermal Insulations

2016 ◽  
Vol 824 ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Lubor Kalousek ◽  
Roman Brzoň ◽  
Zuzana Fišarová
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Experimental Assessment ◽  
Measuring Devices ◽  
Internal Side ◽  
Building Practice ◽  
Thermal Insulations ◽  
Highly Porous ◽  
Interior Side

Spray foam thermal insulations are one of new materials, which are now considerably applied in building practice and which are therefore also the aim of current research. In building practice is an effort to apply these materials to very rugged surfaces in both the external and the internal side of the structure. On the interior side, however, the application is connected with the risk of condensation, which is difficult to verify by the measurement. The contribution is focused just on the comparison of methods and measuring devices designed for immediate detection of moisture in the material of sprayed polyurethane foam. The samples of thermal insulation, which have undergone exposing of humidity in accordance with Czech Standards, were compared by the experimental assessment. The obtained results were compared and evaluated, while as expected, the moisture measuring of highly porous thermal insulation is significantly more difficult than the measuring of thermal insulations made of conventional homogeneous building materials.

scholarly journals Efficient Thermal Insulation of Passive House with Curved Façades in Cold Climate

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 02003
Author(s):  
Askar Aznabaev ◽  
Ivan Pshuk ◽  
Daria Likhaia ◽  
Semen Bondarenko ◽  
Kirill Gureev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Passive House

scholarly journals Transient Thermal Analysis in an Intermittent Ceramic Kiln with Thermal Insulation: A Theoretical Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Ricardo S. Gomez ◽  
Túlio R. N. Porto ◽  
Hortência L. F. Magalhães ◽  
Clotildes A. L. Guedes ◽  
Elisiane S. Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
External Surface ◽  
Energy Gain ◽  
Ceramic Fiber ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Insulating Material ◽  
Transient Thermal ◽  
Thermal Insulations

Increasing the thermal efficiency of drying and firing processes of ceramic products plays an important role for industries that want to remain competitive in the market. Thus, this work aims to evaluate the influence of the type and thickness of thermal insulations, applied on the external sidewalls of an intermittent ceramic kiln, on heat transfer, temperature distribution in the insulating material, maximum external surface temperature, and energy gain, compared to the kiln without thermal insulation. All proposed mathematical formulations are based on the energy conservation, and mathematical procedures are implemented in Microsoft Excel software. Here, it was tested four types of thermal isolators: fiberglass, rockwool, calcium silicate, and ceramic fiber. Results indicate that the greater the thickness of the thermal insulation, the lower the maximum external surface temperature and the greater the energy gain when compared to the kiln without thermal insulation. In addition, fiberglass is the insulating material, among the four types analyzed, which provides greater energy gain and greater reduction in maximum external surface temperature.

scholarly journals Hygrothermal modelling of masonry blocks filled with thermal insulation

2018 ◽  
Vol 163 ◽  
pp. 08006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balázs Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Mineral Wool ◽  
Filling Material ◽  
Physical Simulations ◽  
Heat And Moisture Transport ◽  
Heat And Moisture ◽  
Thermal Insulations

Ceramic brick as building material has been used for thousands of years. Nowadays, the energy performance of new products has to meet rigorous requirements; therefore, in the design of new ceramic masonry blocks, building physical simulations are essential. The aim of this research is to evaluate existing masonry block shapes filled with different thermal insulation using conjugated heat and moisture transport finite element simulations with material properties measured in laboratory. The research compared four different internal structures: trapezoidal, triangular, rectangular, and with mixed shaped gaps according to existing masonry blocks. In the gaps, different thermal insulations were considered, such as mineral wool, expanded perlite and polyurethane foam. The research demonstrated that the perlite as filling material does not have a great effect on thermal conductivity comparing to unfilled blocks; however, polyurethane foam with an optimal internal structure can improve the thermal performance. Manufacturing inaccuracies in the materials’ hygrothermal properties influences their performance, since a little difference in thermal conductivity has a noticeable impact on thermal transmittance, and it may result in underperformance according to regulations.

scholarly journals Influence of Thermal Design performance of Envelope structure on Indoor Thermal Environment in Dry-Hot and Dry-Cold areas

2019 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 05009
Author(s):  
Chen Jie ◽  
Luo Zhixing ◽  
Yang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Internal Surface ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Thermal Design ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Thermal Mass ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Traditional Architecture ◽  
Different Seasons

Thermal performance is considered to be a key measure in building sustainability. One of the technologies used in the current building sustainable design is the high thermal mass techniques. The application of this type of technology is widely used in traditional architecture. The paper aims at studying the effect of both high thermal insulation and high thermal mass techniques in buildings dynamic behaviour in Dry-Hot and Dry-Cold Climate. The two techniques can lead to conflicting requirements when considering winter and summer conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to identify insulation measures that conserve the mass dynamic behavior. Experimental investigations were carried out on a single - family house to characterize the behavior of one room with high thermal mass in different seasons. Thermal simulations made it possible to explore different retrofit configurations. Different thermal mass and thermal insulation were compared on internal surface temperature. The analysis shows that the most suitable intervention is both high thermal insulation and high thermal mass techniques, and the decrease of the absorption coefficient of the outer surface is beneficial to improve the overall level of solar radiation.

scholarly journals Energy Renovation of Residential Buildings in Cold Mediterranean Zones Using Optimized Thermal Envelope Insulation Thicknesses: The Case of Spain

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 2287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis M. López-Ochoa ◽  
Jesús Las-Heras-Casas ◽  
Luis M. López-González ◽  
César García-Lozano
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
Climate Zones ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Zero Energy Buildings

The residential sector of the European Union consumes 27% of the final energy of the European Union, and approximately two-thirds of the existing dwellings in the European Union were built before 1980. For this reason, the European Union aims to transform the existing residential building stock into nearly zero-energy buildings by 2050 through energy renovation. The most effective method to achieve this goal is to increase the thermal insulation of opaque elements of the thermal envelope. This study aims to assess the energy, environmental and economic impacts of the energy renovation of the thermal envelopes that are typical of the existing multi-family buildings of the 26 provincial capitals in the cold climate zones of Spain. To achieve this goal, the insulation thickness to be added to the walls, roof and first floor framework is optimized by a life cycle cost analysis, and the existing building openings are replaced, thus minimizing both the total heating costs and the total heating and cooling costs. The study uses four thermal insulation materials for four different heating and cooling systems in 10 different models. The results obtained will be used to propose energy renovation solutions to achieve nearly zero-energy buildings both in Spain and in similar Mediterranean climate zones.

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