scholarly journals Deep Eutectic Solvents and Pharmaceuticals

Encyclopedia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 942-963
Author(s):  
Sónia N. Pedro ◽  
Carmen S. R. Freire ◽  
Armando J. D. Silvestre ◽  
Mara G. Freire
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients ◽  
Alternative Strategies ◽  
Pharmaceutical Ingredients ◽  
Eutectic Mixtures ◽  
Significant Depression ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
The Ideal

Deep eutectic solvents (DES) are eutectic mixtures that present a deviation from the ideal thermodynamic solid–liquid phase behavior, where a significant depression in the melting temperature occurs. If properly designed and chosen, DES may be liquid at room and the human body’s temperatures and display a biocompatible character, thus representing relevant options in the pharmaceutical field. Accordingly, DES have been studied as alternative solvents or in formulations of pharmaceuticals to improve their solubility and stability. Depending on the DES components, these mixtures might exhibit interesting biological activities compatible with several applications. The use of DES as functional agents or as novel liquid forms of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API-DES) with the goal of improving bioavailability, permeability and therapeutic efficacy of a given API stands as alternative strategies in the pharmaceutical field for drug delivery purposes.

scholarly journals New Opportunity to Formulate Intranasal Vaccines and Drug Delivery Systems Based on Chitosan

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 5016
Author(s):  
Roxana Popescu ◽  
Mihaela Violeta Ghica ◽  
Cristina-Elena Dinu-Pîrvu ◽  
Valentina Anuța ◽  
Dumitru Lupuliasa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Surface Tension ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Conformational Changes ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients ◽  
Nasal Drug Delivery ◽  
Pharmaceutical Ingredients ◽  
Permeability Enhancement

In an attempt to develop drug delivery systems that bypass the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and prevent liver and intestinal degradation, it was concluded that nasal medication meets these criteria and can be used for drugs that have these drawbacks. The aim of this review is to present the influence of the properties of chitosan and its derivatives (mucoadhesion, permeability enhancement, surface tension, and zeta potential) on the development of suitable nasal drug delivery systems and on the nasal bioavailability of various active pharmaceutical ingredients. Interactions between chitosan and proteins, lipids, antigens, and other molecules lead to complexes that have their own applications or to changing characteristics of the substances involved in the bond (conformational changes, increased stability or solubility, etc.). Chitosan and its derivatives have their own actions (antibacterial, antifungal, immunostimulant, antioxidant, etc.) and can be used as such or in combination with other molecules from the same class to achieve a synergistic effect. The applicability of the properties is set out in the second part of the paper, where nasal formulations based on chitosan are described (vaccines, hydrogels, nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC), powders, emulsions, etc.).

scholarly journals Elastic and Ultradeformable Liposomes for Transdermal Delivery of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs)

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (18) ◽  
pp. 9743
Author(s):  
Eliana B. Souto ◽  
Ana S. Macedo ◽  
João Dias-Ferreira ◽  
Amanda Cano ◽  
Aleksandra Zielińska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Transdermal Delivery ◽  
Transdermal Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Topical Drug Delivery ◽  
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients ◽  
Pharmaceutical Ingredients

Administration of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) through the skin, by means of topical drug delivery systems, is an advanced therapeutic approach. As the skin is the largest organ of the human body, primarily acting as a natural protective barrier against permeation of xenobiotics, specific strategies to overcome this barrier are needed. Liposomes are nanometric-sized delivery systems composed of phospholipids, which are key components of cell membranes, making liposomes well tolerated and devoid of toxicity. As their lipid compositions are similar to those of the skin, liposomes are used as topical, dermal, and transdermal delivery systems. However, permeation of the first generation of liposomes through the skin posed some limitations; thus, a second generation of liposomes has emerged, overcoming permeability problems. Various mechanisms of permeation/penetration of elastic/ultra-deformable liposomes into the skin have been proposed; however, debate continues on their extent/mechanisms of permeation/penetration. In vivo bioavailability of an API administered in the form of ultra-deformable liposomes is similar to the bioavailability achieved when the same API is administered in the form of a solution by subcutaneous or epi-cutaneous injection, which demonstrates their applicability in transdermal drug delivery.

Design of arginine-based therapeutic deep eutectic solvents as drug solubilization vehicles for active pharmaceutical ingredients

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (20) ◽  
pp. 10621-10634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Gutiérrez ◽  
Santiago Aparicio ◽  
Mert Atilhan
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Density Functional Theory ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
Theoretical Methods ◽  
Drug Solubilization ◽  
Pharmaceutical Ingredients ◽  
Molecular Dynamics Methods

The solvation of lidocaine in three newly designed deep eutectic solvents is studied using combined experimental and theoretical methods that include density functional theory and molecular dynamics methods.

Dialysis-derived urchin-like supramolecular assembly of tannic acid and paclitaxel with high porosity

Nanoscale ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiyeon Kim ◽  
Chanuk Choi ◽  
Seonki Hong
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Tannic Acid ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Supramolecular Assembly ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients ◽  
High Drug ◽  
Pharmaceutical Ingredients ◽  
High Drug Loading

Co-crystallization of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) with pharmaceutically acceptable additives has emerged as an alternative to current drug delivery systems for hydrophobic drugs, due to the high drug loading efficiency....

Rapid profiling of enteric coated drug delivery spheres via Broadband Acoustic Resonance Dissolution Spectroscopy (BARDS)

The Analyst ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 139 (5) ◽  
pp. 1000-1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Fitzpatrick ◽  
R. Evans-Hurson ◽  
Y. Fu ◽  
T. Burke ◽  
J. Krüse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Oral Delivery ◽  
Acoustic Resonance ◽  
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients ◽  
Pharmaceutical Ingredients ◽  
Enteric Coated

There is an increased trend towards the use of drug and enteric coated sugar spheres for controlled oral delivery of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API).

Complex Drug Delivery Systems: Controlling Transdermal Permeation Rates with Multiple Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel A. Davis ◽  
Patricia P. Martins ◽  
Michael S. Zamloot ◽  
Shawn A. Kucera ◽  
Robert O. Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients ◽  
Pharmaceutical Ingredients ◽  
Transdermal Permeation ◽  
Complex Drug
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