scholarly journals Differences in the Spatial Structure of Two Pinus cembra L. Populations in the Carpathian Mountains

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 326
Author(s):  
Mirela Beloiu ◽  
Carl Beierkuhnlein
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
National Park ◽  
Pattern Analysis ◽  
Natura 2000 ◽  
Pinus Cembra ◽  
Carpathian Mountains ◽  
Size Classes ◽  
Adult Trees ◽  
Key Species ◽  
Natura 2000 Site

Pinus cembra L. is a key species of high elevation forest ecosystems in Europe. However, in most mountain ranges, its importance has declined considerably. Remnant populations are often isolated and their dynamics and functioning are not well understood. Here, we apply novel approaches in pattern analysis to two P. cembra populations in the Carpathian Mountains in order to identify commonalities and divergences in their spatial structure and dynamics. Four study sites (1.2 ha each) were investigated within the treeline ecotone in two protected areas that differ in terms of protection status. Based on height and diameter, the individuals were classified into three size-classes: sapling, intermediate and adult trees. Spatial distribution and interactions between tree sizes were analyzed using point pattern analysis. The overall structure of all trees was aggregated at a small distance and regular at a greater distance in the population from the Natura 2000 site (p = 0.002), while in the National Park population it was a random pattern. However, the general patterns do not apply to tree size classes and the relationship among them. In the Natura 2000 site, there was no correlation, all the trees were mixed, regardless of their size. In the National Park, the sapling and intermediate were strongly clustered (p = 0.001), but the adult trees were spatially separated from all juveniles, forming patches at a lower elevation. In both areas, spatial patterns indicate the dynamics of the P. cembra population. Whereas in the National Park population, there is evidence of an upward shift, which cannot be confirmed in Natura 2000, where size classes are completely mixed and the dynamic does not translate into an expansion of the population area. The spatial differences between the two populations indicate that conservation strategies need to be developed more individually to support the regeneration of these isolated populations.

scholarly journals Occurrence of the Green Shield-Moss Buxbaumia viridis (Moug.) Brid. in the Bieszczady Mountains of Poland

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 374
Author(s):  
Piotr Brewczyński ◽  
Kamil Grałek ◽  
Piotr Bilański
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Natura 2000 ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Managed Forests ◽  
Moss Species ◽  
Microhabitat Preferences ◽  
Natura 2000 Site ◽  
Forest District

The small-sized gametophytes and sporophytes of the green shield-moss Buxbaumia viridis (Moug.) Brid. make it difficult to study. However, in Europe, there has been increasing interest in this species in the past few years, mostly as a result of the implementation of the Natura 2000 network. In Poland, B. viridis has only been reported in isolated studies that have been limited in terms of area and the number of participating workers. One of the Polish regions where B. viridis was recently recorded is the Bieszczady Mountains, but there have been no large-scale surveys of that region to date. The objective of the current work was to describe the B. viridis population in the Bieszczady Mountains in terms of its spatial distribution and abundance, investigate its selected microhabitat preferences, and evaluate the conservation status of this moss species within the Natura 2000 site Bieszczady PLC180001. The studied region encompassed 93,490.44 ha, including 69,056.23 ha of managed forests and 24,434.21 ha of forests belonging to the Bieszczady National Park. A preliminary survey was conducted in the Cisna Forest District (forest area of 19,555.82 ha) on 15–17 November 2017, while the main survey was performed in selected forest subcompartments of four forest districts—Baligród, Komańcza, Lutowiska, and Stuposiany—as well as the Bieszczady National Park from 5 to 16 November 2018. The field work consisted of searching for B. viridis sporophytes and setae and recording selected population and locality characteristics. The study led to the discovery of 353 new B. viridis localities in 202 study areas, with 9197 diploid individuals (sporophytes or setae only) growing in 545 microhabitats. The number of B. viridis localities discovered in the Bieszczady Mountains during 17 days of survey in 2017 and 2018 was two times higher than the combined number of localities previously found in Poland over more than 150 years (159 localities). Additionally, the number of sporophytes and setae identified was two times greater than their overall number in previous records. In addition, this study provides information about selected microhabitat preferences and the conservation status of this moss in the Bieszczady Natura 2000 site.

scholarly journals Nautical tourism affects common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus M.) foraging success in a NATURA 2000 site, North-Eastern Adriatic Sea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
DARJA RIBARIC ◽  
JACK CLARKSON
Keyword(s):  
West Coast ◽  
Tursiops Truncatus ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Bottlenose Dolphins ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Natura 2000 ◽  
Common Bottlenose Dolphin ◽  
Key Species ◽  
Natura 2000 Site ◽  
Dolphin Watching

Several studies indicate that unregulated nautical tourism can have negative implications on cetacean behaviour. In recent years, dolphin watching activities (DWA) have increased off the West coast of Istria, Croatia, a region in which the NATURA 2000 site: ‘Akvatorij zapadne Istre’ has been proposed to be designated for bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus M.). For data collected between 2016 and 2019, we compared dolphin group behaviours from this region during impact (presence of nautical tourism boats (NTBs)) and control (absence of NTBs) scenarios, as well as providing descriptive analysis on the displacement of individuals in the presence of NTBs. Throughout the study years, 48.5 % of NTBs were observed within 15m of the dolphin focal groups and 97 % were observed within 50 m distance. The greatest rates of displacement in dolphin focal groups occurred when NTB numbers were greatest per individual dolphin. Markov chain analysis were used to quantify the short-term effects of NTB presence on dolphin behaviour. In the presence of NTBs, dolphins were more likely to spend time milling and less time foraging. Cumulative behavioural budgets, derived by accounting for the time bottlenose dolphins spent in the presence or absence of NTBs, indicated that vessel exposure levels of 14 % and 25 % were enough to statistically affect milling and foraging behaviours respectively. To lessen the lack of sustainable DWA, the implementation of relevant guidelines, e.g. Global Best Practice Guidance for Responsible Whale and Dolphin Watching (50 m no approach and 300 m caution zone) is therefore crucial to mitigate any long-term consequences the actions of NTBs may have on this key species. To date, 162 bottlenose dolphins have been photo-identified off West coast of Istria and cumulative interference to this population could affect direct ecosystem functioning.

scholarly journals The vascular flora of Mt. Oiti National Park and the surrounding area in Greece

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 435-454
Author(s):  
George Karetsos ◽  
Alexandra D. Solomou ◽  
Panayiotis Trigas ◽  
Konstantinia Tsagari
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Plants ◽  
National Park ◽  
Natura 2000 ◽  
Surrounding Area ◽  
Wild Fauna ◽  
Baseline Information ◽  
Priority Species ◽  
High Conservation ◽  
Local Endemic ◽  
Natura 2000 Site

This paper presents the first comprehensive checklist of vascular plants for an especially important area for biodiversity, namely National Park “Ethnikos Drymos Oitis” – Natura 2000 site (GR2440004) and the surrounding area in Greece. This list includes a total of 1,153 plant taxa, including 79 endemic taxa and two local endemic species (Allium lagarophyllum Brullo, Pavone & Tzanoudakis and Veronica oetaea Gustavsson). It is noteworthy that 551 plants are new records for the flora of Mt. Oiti. A total of 67 taxa are protected by national and international legislation, while 52 orchid taxa are also protected by the Convention of International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). Veronica oetaea, a priority species of Annex II of the Directive 92/43, is also protected by the Berne Convention. The high plant species diversity and endemism make Mt. Oiti National Park an important area with high conservation value, thus providing baseline information which could be utilized for further research.

scholarly journals Natura 2000 sites and fisheries in German offshore waters

2008 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Søren Anker Pedersen ◽  
Heino Fock ◽  
Jochen Krause ◽  
Christian Pusch ◽  
Anne L. Sell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marine Mammals ◽  
Fishery Management ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Natura 2000 ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Favourable Conservation Status ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Natura 2000 Site ◽  
Environmentally Sound ◽  
Fishing Impacts

Abstract Pedersen, S. A., Fock, H., Krause, J., Pusch, C., Sell, A. L., Böttcher, U., Rogers, S. I., Sköld, M., Skov, H., Podolska, M., Piet, G. J., and Rice, J. C. 2009. Natura 2000 sites and fisheries in German offshore waters.–ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66: 155–169. The principal objective of sites selected as part of Natura 2000 is to achieve or maintain a favourable conservation status of habitats and species named in the EU Birds and Habitats directives. In the German exclusive economic zone, the habitat types protected by this legislation are sandbanks and reefs; protected species include marine mammals, seabirds, and specific migratory fish species. The ICES project Environmentally Sound Fishery Management in Protected Areas (EMPAS) aims to answer two questions: (i) To what extent do specific fishing activities significantly threaten attainment of the conservation objectives of the Natura 2000 sites? (ii) What management measures would reduce these conflicts and how effective would they be at helping to ensure the favourable condition of these sites? Assessments of fishing impacts on Natura 2000 sites require basic data on the conservation status of individual habitats and species, as well as data for fine-scale distributions of ongoing fishing activities. This paper describes and discusses the process used by the EMPAS project in developing fishery-management plans for each Natura 2000 site in German offshore waters.

scholarly journals The contribution of agent-based simulations to conservation management on a Natura 2000 site

2016 ◽  
Vol 168 ◽  
pp. 27-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hélène Dupont ◽  
Françoise Gourmelon ◽  
Mathias Rouan ◽  
Isabelle Le Viol ◽  
Christian Kerbiriou
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Management ◽  
Natura 2000 ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Agent Based Simulations ◽  
Natura 2000 Site

Using LiDAR Point Clouds in Determination of the Scots Pine Stands Spatial Structure Meaning in the Conservation of Lichen Communities in “Bory Tucholskie” National Park

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-103
Author(s):  
Piotr Wężyk ◽  
Paweł Hawryło ◽  
Marta Szostak ◽  
Karolina Zięba-Kulawik ◽  
Monika Winczek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
National Park ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Organic Layer ◽  
Active Protection ◽  
Scanning Lidar ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Biometric Features

Abstract The aim of the research carried out in 2018 and financed by the Forest Fund was the analysis of biometric features and parameters of pine stands in the area of the “Bory Tucholskie” National Park (PNBT), where a program of active protection of lichen was initiated in 2017. Environmental analyses were conducted in relation to selected biometric features of trees and stands using laser scanning (LiDAR), including ULS (Unmanned Laser Scanning; RIEGL VUX-1) and TLS (Terrestrial Laser Scanning; FARO FOCUS 3D; X130). Thanks to the application of LiDAR technology, the structure of pine stands was precisely determined by means of a series of descriptive statistics characterizing the 3D spatial structure of vegetation. Using the Trees Crown Model (CHM), the analysis of the volume of tree crowns and the volume of space under canopy was performed. For the analysed sub-compartments, GIS solar analyses were carried out for the solar energy reaching the canopy and the ground level due to active protection of lichen. Multispectral photos were obtained using a specialized RedEdge-M camera (MicaSense) mounted on the UAV multi rotor platform Typhoon H520 (Yuneec). Flights with a thermal camera were also performed in order to detect places on the ground with high temperature. Plant indices: NDVI, NDRE, GNDVI and GRVI were also calculated for sub-compartments. The data obtained in 2017 and 2018 were the basis for spatial and temporal analyses of 4-D changes in stands which were related to the removal of some trees and organic layer (litter, moss layer).

scholarly journals Awifauna wodno-błotna środkowej Wisły w okresie lęgowym: wpływ działalności człowieka na rozmieszczenie, liczebność i bogactwo gatunkowe

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Bukaciński ◽  
Monika Bukacińska ◽  
Arkadiusz Buczyński
Keyword(s):  
Bird Species ◽  
Natura 2000 ◽  
River Channel ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Breeding Bird ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Vistula River ◽  
Breeding Habitats ◽  
Natura 2000 Site ◽  
River Bottom

The inventory of birds was conducted in the years 2005-2010 on the Vistula River section between Dęblin (388 km of the river) and Podwierzbie (435 km of the river). The study area includes a southern section of the European Ecological Natura 2000 Site in Poland PLB140004 „Middle Vistula River Valley” (IBA, PL083). In most areas the Vistula flows here within unregulated or relatively little modified riverbed, having features of natural, lowland, braided river. Sandy islands and braid bars within the main channel, steep banks, and old riparian afforestation create the unique breeding habitats of the Vistula River Valley. Especially the river channel habitats provide suitable breeding sites for many rare bird species, constituting some of them the key-breeding sites. There are, however, fragments of several kilometers, where people transformed the Vistula River in a more visible way (Table 1). These are, among others: an urban section within Dęblin boundaries (km 388-393 of the river), a fragment adjacent to Kozienice Power Plant (km 421-426), and the area, where since 2007 gravel for the industry has been mining from the river bottom (km 426-431). The aim of this inventory was the comparison of richness and abundance of breeding bird species associated directly with the river channel on fragments mentioned above. It will allow us to estimate soberly how very the intensity of human utilization of the river affects the distribution of avifauna of the Vistula, determining the richness and abundance of valuable and/or endangered species breeding in a given area.

Parques eólicos, red Natura 2000 e impacto ambiental. Comentario a la sentencia del Tribunal Superior de Justicia del País Vasco de 18 de febrero de 2011 (proyecto de parque eólico de Ordunte)

2011 ◽  
pp. 233-256
Author(s):  
Agustín GARCÍA URETA ◽  
Iñigo LAZCANO BROTÓNS
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Basque Country ◽  
Natura 2000 ◽  
High Court ◽  
The Government ◽  
Natura 2000 Site ◽  
La Red ◽  
Pais Vasco

LABURPENA: Iruzkinak 2011ko otsailaren 18ko epaiarekin zerikusia du. Honetan Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoko Justizia Auzitegi Nagusiak, bere egunean euskal Administrazioak Ordunten eraiki beharreko parke eolikoari buruz egindako ingurumenaren gaineko eraginaren aurkako aitorpena Zuzenbidearekin bat ez zetorrela ondorioztatu zuen. Erabilitako arrazoien artean, Auzitegiaren ustetan, Eusko Jaurlaritzak ez zituen Natura 2000 sareko gune batean egin beharreko proiektuak planteatutako eragin kritikoak modu egokian arrazoitu. RESUMEN: El comentario tiene que ver con una sentencia de 18 de febrero de 2011, en la que el Tribunal Superior de Justicia del País Vasco (TSJ) llegó a la conclusión de que la declaración de impacto ambiental (DIA) desfavorable, que dictó en su día la Administración autonómica en relación con la construcción de un parque eólico en Ordunte, no era conforme a Derecho. Entre otras razones, el Tribunal indicó que el Gobierno Vasco no había motivado de manera suficiente los impactos críticos que, en su opinión, planteaba el proyecto en una zona de la red Natura 2000. ABSTRACT: The comment concerns a judgment of the High Court of the Basque Country of 18 February 2001 that held that the unfavorable environmental declaration issued by the Basque Government regarding a wind farm was not consistent with applicable laws. The Court held, inter alia, that the Government had not provided sufficient reasons to sustain the assumption that the project embraced critical environmental impacts on a Natura 2000 site.

scholarly journals The Comparative Analysis of Pressures and Threats to The Natura 2000 Sites for Wild Birds Protection - Case Studies in Wetlands in Romania and Bulgaria

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-192
Author(s):  
Doina Cioacă
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Natura 2000 ◽  
Habitats Directive ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Natural Protected Areas ◽  
Birds Directive ◽  
Green Corridor ◽  
Natura 2000 Site

ABSTRACT The Natura 2000 concept and wetlands protection are relatively new for Romania and Bulgaria, because they are former communist countries and, after the 1990s, had too little value placed on nature conservation in favour of infrastructure development and agriculture. The development of the European ecological network Natura 2000 on these territories has come as an obligation for accession of these countries to The European Union on 01.01.2007. During the period 2006-2009 I made an analysis for the management of protected areas along the Danube Green Corridor, between Romania and Bulgaria, especially for wetlands, similar to the results of the WWF Germany project “Lower Danube - Green Corridor (LDGC): Freshwater protected area management and freshwater restoration in Bulgaria, Romania and trans-boundary conservation along the Lower Danube”. To have a complete view of the situation of the protected areas management between Romania and Bulgaria, along the Lower Danube Green Corridor, and the perspectives for the next years, I carried out some evaluation for more than 20 Natura 2000 sites, which are alike in many ways, such as: the object of protection (Sites of Community Importance, SCI, under the Habitats Directive; Special Protection Areas for birds, SPAs, under the Birds Directive; natural protected areas of national importance for these two countries, or other natural and semi natural areas with the potential to be protected), human activities, pressures and threats, and other aspects. Later, I used these results to make a comparative analysis of the Cernica area (Ilfov County, Romania), to add another argument to include it in the Natura 2000 Network from Romania, as ROSPA0122 Cernica Lake and Forest. This analysis showed that Cernica faces approximately the same pressures and threats as other protected areas and has almost the same efficiency in management planning as the highest assessed Natura 2000 SPAs, respectively Iezer-Călăraşi in Romania and Srebarna of Bulgaria, which is an argument to establish this area as a Natura 2000 site.

Increasing the attractiveness of the Zádielska dolina (“Zadiel Gorge“) in the area of modern climbing as a tourism development support tool

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-23
Author(s):  
Jana Selepová
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Natura 2000 ◽  
Landscape Conservation ◽  
European Network ◽  
Close Attention ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Adventure Tourism ◽  
Global Trend ◽  
Development Support

Abstract The Zádielska dolina (“Zadiel Gorge“) belongs to the most beautiful and from a natural science perspective to the most interesting landscape formations of the Slovak Karst. The area represents the National Nature Reserve in the National Park and is part the European Network of Protected Areas NATURA 2000. The site is characterized by climbing activity. This article provides suggestions of attractiveness in the field of climbing that respect the development of tourism in accordance with nature and landscape conservation. The basis for the proposals were theoretical knowledge, thorough analysis of the area and own experience with the issue. Recommendations from other climbing places and identification of problems between climbing and nature, have been key for us in making appropriate proposals. The increasing interest in adventure tourism, including climbing, means a global trend in tourism and therefore it is necessary to pay close attention to this issue.

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