scholarly journals Impacts of Payment for Forest Environmental Services in Cat Tien National Park

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 921
Author(s):  
Thuy T. Pham ◽  
Thao D. Nguyen ◽  
Chi T. L. Dao ◽  
Long T. Hoang ◽  
Luong H. Pham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation System ◽  
National Park ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Environmental Services ◽  
Cash Income ◽  
Forest Protection ◽  
Local Livelihoods ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cat Tien National Park

This paper assesses the impacts of Payment for Forest Environmental Services (PFES) in Cat Tien National Park, Vietnam. We analyze the impacts and additionality of PFES on local livelihoods by comparing the socio-economic situations in four pairs of villages before and after its implementation, and between places where PFES is and is not applied. In total, 149 people participated in focus group discussions, while 244 households (123 in areas with PFES and 121 in areas without) took part in household surveys. Our research shows that 92% of the people interviewed are from ethnic minorities participating and benefiting directly from PFES. In villages with PFES, the numbers of participating households ranged from 45% to 88% of all poor households in those villages. Of the poor households participating in PFES in the studied villages, 22% have no source of cash income other than their forest protection contracts, while 81.4% have escaped poverty, based on self-defined poverty criteria, through additional income from forest protection. Since the implementation of PFES, the area of forests allocated for community and household management is estimated to be three to 3.64 times higher than it had been previously. Although the number of communities under PFES contracts has not changed, the number of households participating in forest protection contracts is now much lower than before PFES started. On average, PFES contributes 16% to 74% of total household income in villages with PFES. Incomes in places with PFES are significantly higher than in places without. Although our research demonstrates immediate positive socio-economic impacts on livelihoods, it also highlights weaknesses in the current monitoring and evaluation system and a lack of reliable data for measuring PFES impacts in Cat Tien National Park.

scholarly journals Participation of Local People in the Payment for Forest Environmental Services Program: A Case Study in Central Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 12731
Author(s):  
Hoang Phan Bich Ngoc ◽  
Takahiro Fujiwara ◽  
Seiji Iwanaga ◽  
Noriko Sato
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Local People ◽  
Legal Rights ◽  
Environmental Services ◽  
Forest Protection ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Central Vietnam ◽  
Motivation To Participate

In 2010, Vietnam implemented the payment for forest environmental services (PFES) program that was expected to bring additional income to local people and improve the efficiency of forest protection. However, factors affecting the motivation to participate in PFES have rarely been examined. The objectives of this study were to (1) identify factors that influence local people’s participation in PFES, (2) examine how local people participating in the PFES program were involved in decision-making in the Thua Thien Hue Province, and (3) assess PFES impact on local people. We conducted a field survey of 32 households at the study site. We found no difference in the access to PFES between poor and non-poor households. Participation in PFES was considered a reward for labor work in forests and a means to compensate for the legal rights of participants. Local people could participate at many stages of PFES implementation; however, they were only passive spectators with regards to PFES management. Two-thirds of the participants did not participate in decision-making regarding PFES distribution. We conclude that the efficiency of future PFES programs may be increased by enabling and stimulating the participants to take a more active part in the process of PFES management and distribution.

scholarly journals Estimation of Tourists’ Willingness to Pay in Ba Vi National Park: Choice Experiment Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Van Hieu ◽  
Nguyen Hoang Nam ◽  
Pham Van Trung ◽  
Tran Minh Tuan
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Choice Experiment ◽  
National Park ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Environmental Services ◽  
Forest Protection ◽  
Experiment Method ◽  
Current Price

Payment for Forest Environmental Services is one of Vietnam’s most successful policies in socializing forest protection in particular and environmental protection in general. However, the application of this policy in the field of tourism is limited. This study employed Choice Experiment Method to estimate the willingness to pay of tourists, with the aim of providing scientific basis for the application of this policy in Ba Vi National Park. The results showed that 74% of tourists agreed with an increase in entrance fee and in room rate to contribute to the implementation of the policy in the national park. In detail, tourists’ willingness to pay for the increase in the entrance fee is roughly VND 37,000 (equivalent to 61% of the current price) and for the increase in the room rate is roughly VND 181,000 (equivalent to 24% of the average rate).

scholarly journals The politics of numbers and additionality governing the national Payment for Forest Environmental Services scheme in Vietnam: A case study from Son La province

2020 ◽  
pp. 379-404
Author(s):  
Pham Thu Thuy ◽  
Ngo Ha Chau ◽  
Dao Thi Linh Chi ◽  
Hoang Tuan Long ◽  
Micah R. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Forest Cover ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Environmental Services ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Local Livelihoods ◽  
Forestry Sector ◽  
Control Intervention ◽  
Village Communities ◽  
Stable Source ◽  
Government Statistics

Payments for forest environmental services (PFES) is a major breakthrough policy in the Vietnamese forestry sector because it contributes 25% of the total investments in the forestry sector and serves as the first market-based instrument employed to protect forests. However, there is little empirical evidence of its effectiveness. Is the policy meeting the core objectives of improving forest cover and forest quality and is it also achieving its claims of supporting local livelihoods? This paper analyses the environmental, social, and economic impacts of PFES in Son La province, the longest standing implementation of a PFES scheme in Vietnam. Our study uses a sampling method that incorporates pre-matching and a before-after-control-intervention approach. Data was collected from government statistics, remote sensing analysis, focus group discussions involving 236 people, surveys with a total of 240 households, and key informant interviews with 45 people. Our findings show that additionality of PFES in Son La is controversial and depends on who collects the data and what data is used to evaluate the impacts of PFES. Data collection is also politicized to serve central, provincial and district government interests. Evidence shows that PFES has provided little additional income to individual villagers to protect forests in Son La. However, total PFES revenue paid to communities generates significant income for village communities. Moreover, not all villagers can receive continuous payments from PFES, meaning that PFES has not become a stable source of income, rendering the permanence of PFES limited. Improving monitoring and evaluation policies coupled with transparent, inclusive, independent mechanisms are essential to providing a more accurate reflection of impacts from PFES in Vietnam.

scholarly journals A Representation of SDGs: Payments for Forest Environmental Services (PFES) in Loc Tien Commune, Phu Loc District, Thua Thien Hue Province

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-29
Author(s):  
Mai Thi Khanh Van
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Environmental Services ◽  
Forest Environment ◽  
Forest Protection ◽  
Local Livelihoods ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Depth Interviews

In Vietnam, the policy on payment for forest environmental services (PFES) has been present for a long time, in the orientation of socialization of national forest protection. The role of this policy was not limited to the objective of environmental protection, the overarching objective of PFES has always been the link to develop the sector of environment, economy, and society. This has also been one of the targets of Goal 11: "Sustainable Cities and Communities" within the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), set out by the United Nations. At the study site is Loc Tien commune, in Phu Loc district, Thua Thien Hue province, by in-depth interviews with local people and officials, the implementation of PFES, and its ability to meet the targets in Goal 11 were clarified. The PFES implementation mechanism has been well-established with the full range of stakeholders and their specific roles. However, the gained efficiency from PFES has not met the Vietnamese Government's goals that were to support positive economic, social, and environmental links. The aim to protect the forest environment has been implemented, however, the livelihoods and income of local communities have not improved visibly. In the future, to address current issues, policymakers should consider more solutions to advance the local livelihoods.

scholarly journals Livelihood and Environmental Impacts of Payments for Forest Environmental Services: A Case Study in Vietnam

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 4165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dang Do ◽  
NaRanong
Keyword(s):  
Forest Cover ◽  
Natural Capital ◽  
Environmental Services ◽  
Buffer Zones ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Local Livelihoods ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Central Vietnam ◽  
The Difference

Payments for ecosystem services (PES) is widely employed in various settings; however, whether, and in what contexts, PES programs achieve their objectives by improving local livelihoods and conservation goals is still being debated. This paper aims to evaluate the impacts of payments for forest environmental services (PFES) policies on livelihoods and the environment using propensity score matching of data on 725 systematic randomly selected households in the buffer zones of seven protected areas (PAs) of Quang Nam and Thua Thien Hue provinces in Central Vietnam and data from the General Statistics Office and Landsat. The findings indicate that the PFES policy has some positive effects on economic and environmental issues for different groups. In terms of financial capital, the study found that poor households with PFES have slightly higher income than what they would have had they not participated in PFES. The difference in total income between poor households with and without PFES, however, was statistically insignificant, while the income of non-poor households with PFES was significantly higher than those without PFES. In addition, PFES households are likely to have more consumption expenditure for their daily living and better access to loans from various microfinance sources compared to those without PFES. The PFES policy has provided slight changes in the forest and forest cover and reduced natural forest loss between the pre-PFES and PFES periods. The findings of this study contribute to designing future PFES policies that can better distribute benefits to all household groups as well as harmonize social and natural capital.

Wasur National Park Hall's Role In Raising The Local People's Income Wasur Village

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (01) ◽  
pp. 44-52
Author(s):  
Paul Adryani Moento ◽  
Nikolaus Unawekla
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fires ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
National Park ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Counseling Center ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Salted Fish ◽  
Park Area

  The welfare level of the population in Wasur Park village is still very low and most still hang its life by taking the result of the forest. This study aims to analyze the role of Wasur Park National Park in increasing local people's income. The method by which researchers use a qualitative approach, while the data collection techniques consist of library studies and field studies through observation, interviews. The process of data analysis includes data reduction, data presentation, and the conclusion of the empowerment of the National Park Wasur Park Hall is counseling to the local community in the framework of the Empowerment Program of local Kampung Wasur Park. In the empowerment, Wasur Park National Park is coordinating with local governments to see the development of local community data. The real evidence of Wasur Park National Park through empowerment is the establishment of a rural forestry Counseling Center (SPKP). The establishment of a rural forestry Counseling Center (SPKP) in Wasur Village, implemented after the implementation of education and training of village studies in participatory. Furthermore, Wasur Park National Park Hall conducts construction. The construction is a construction of small industry of eucalyptus oil refining, the manufacture of salted fish, medicinal plants, and the cultivation of commercial crops. Then the community in providing coaching through socialization by providing science about preserving the forest and protection and safeguarding the potential of Wasur National Park area. Then Wasur Park National Park Hall conducts supervision. Supervision conducted by the National Park Hall Wasur Park is monitoring against the hunting of many protected animals located in Wasur Park National Park area. In the Garden Hall program, Wasur Park is monitoring and evaluation of habitat and population. The Wasur Park National Park Hall conducts a regular patrol, preventing wild hunters from Wasur Park National Park. Then patrol is also done to prevent forest fires.

Educate! Developing a Theory of Change for “Changemakers”

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Kay Gugerty ◽  
Dean Karlan
Keyword(s):  
Change Process ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Program Design ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Theory Of Change ◽  
Youth Empowerment ◽  
Evaluation Plan ◽  
Final Theory

A theory of change can build consensus on a program’s vision and guide the development of a right-fit monitoring and evaluation system. This case examines how the Uganda-based youth empowerment NGO Educate! used the theory of change process to clearly define its intended impact and decide how to measure it. After analyzing the process Educate! used to develop its theory of change, readers will be able to discuss the value of gathering internal perspectives and conducting field research to develop a theory of change. Readers will also assess how successive iterations of the theory of change provide clarity on program design and objectives and determine whether the final theory of change is sufficient to design a monitoring and evaluation plan that adheres to CART principles.

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