Impact of Mixing on the Structural Diversity of Serbian Spruce and Macedonian Pine Endemic to Relict Forest Communities in the Balkan Peninsula

The aim of this paper is to analyze the effect of different degrees of mixing on the diversity structure in stands left to spontaneous development. The research included two communities of species endemic to the Balkan Peninsula—the Serbian spruce (Picea omorika Pančić Purk.) and the Macedonian pine (Pinus peuce Griseb). Data from eight sample plots were used in the research. The changes in diameter and height structure, spatial arrangement of trees, and diameter differentiation were analyzed. The analyzed parameters of structural diversity show relatively low to moderate values. Results showed an increase in mixing was reflected in the width and shape of distributions. A spatial analysis of stands with a higher degree of mixing showed a tendency towards a random to regular distribution of individuals, in contrast to stands with a lower degree of mixing which showed a tendency towards a clump distribution. The pronounced species’ dimensional and spatial diversity confirms their importance to the condition of modern forest management. Significant differences in the change of structure are shown by stands with a share of admixed species of above 20% by volume. The obtained results refer to stands left to spontaneous development, suggesting than an active research and management approach must be assumed to realize the goal of protecting rare forest ecosystems.

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Uspevanje omorike (Picea omorika (Pančić) Purk.) v generativnem semenskem nasadu Počivalnik pri Postojni

Acta Silvae et Ligni ◽

10.20315/asetl.123.1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 123 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Sebastian Bambič ◽

Kristjan Jarni ◽

Gregor Božič ◽

Robert Brus

Keyword(s):

Health Status ◽

Balkan Peninsula ◽

Karst Region ◽

Dinaric Karst ◽

Tree Diameter ◽

Diameter Increment ◽

Picea Omorika ◽

Serbian Spruce ◽

Post Hoc ◽

The Impact

Serbian spruce (Picea omorika (Pančić) Purk.) is an endemic tree species from the Balkan Peninsula. The species also thrives in Slovenia and would be an interesting minority alternative to Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) on some sites. This study was carried out in a Serbian spruce plantation below Počivalnik hill, between Unec and Postojna. The trees were planted in 1988 and are currently classified as a pole stand. We measured the diameters of the trees and systematically evaluated the vitality of each tree throughout the plantation. Data processing consisted of calculating the percentage of trees of each health status for each provenance and phenotype present in the plantation, creating a plantation model, and performing an analysis of variance and Tukey's post-hoc test. We found that provenance has a significant effect on the vitality of trees but not on tree diameter. Phenotype affects both the vitality of trees and tree diameter. The correlation between phenotype and tree diameter is significant within phenotypes B (type %semidichotomy%) and C (type %serbica%). Also, the impact of phenotype on diameter increment varies between the different provenances. According to our investigations, the most suitable seed material for the Dinaric karst region of Slovenia is from the Šargan provenance (read Shargan). In terms of phenotype, types C ('serbica') and F ('argentea') seem to be the most suitable. They are also the most desirable for horticultural use.

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Allele polymorphism of Nad1 gene of the Serbian spruce mitochondrial genome

Genetika ◽

10.2298/gensr0701079m ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 79-91 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jelena Milovanovic ◽

Vasilije Isajev ◽

Diana Krajmerová ◽

Ladislav Paule

Keyword(s):

Human Impacts ◽

Seed Orchard ◽

Balkan Peninsula ◽

Global Changes ◽

Allele Polymorphism ◽

Seedling Seed Orchard ◽

Study Results ◽

Picea Omorika ◽

Nad1 Gene ◽

Serbian Spruce

Serbian spruce (Picea omorika /Panc./Purkyne), as the Balkan Peninsula endemic and the Tertiary relic, is a species whose survival is threatened by the constant restriction of its range caused by the global changes of environmental conditions and the adverse human impacts. The Serbian spruce seedling seed orchard at Godovik represents the base for the improvement of the production of the selected seeds of this species, which can be used as the initial material for the extension of its range. The allele polymorphism of the mitochondrial nad1 gene was analyzed in five different Serbian spruce phenogroups of which the orchard is established. The obtained results are a contribution to a closer study of the causes of the postglacial intraspecific differentiation of Serbian spruce and the creation of the above phenogroups. The study results are significant for further breeding of this species based on the better knowledge of the genetic structure of the species, its directed utilisation and the widening of its range. .

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Variability of morphological and anatomical characteristics of Serbian spruce (Picea omorika /Panc./ Purkyne) needles of natural population located in the Milesevka river canyon

Genetika ◽

10.2298/gensr2003235p ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 52 (3) ◽

pp. 1235-1248

Author(s):

Vladan Popovic ◽

Aleksandar Lucic ◽

Ljubinko Rakonjac ◽

Zoran Maksimovic ◽

Danijela Ristic

Keyword(s):

Natural Population ◽

Vascular Bundle ◽

Balkan Peninsula ◽

Ex Situ ◽

Needle Length ◽

Channel Diameter ◽

Anatomical Characteristics ◽

Rare And Endangered ◽

Picea Omorika ◽

Serbian Spruce

Serbian spruce (Picea omorika /Panc./ Purkyne) is rare and endangered tertiary relict and endemic species in the Balkan Peninsula. Its natural distribution is fragmented and restricted to western Serbia and eastern Bosnia and Herzegovina, mainly in the canyon of middle course of the Drina river. Since the mid-19th century, the number and size of populations have been steadily decreasing accompanied by a decline in the number of mature individuals, endangering natural regeneration is endangered. The objective of this study is to determine variability within Serbian spruce (Picea omorika /Panc./ Purkyne) natural population in the canyon of the Milesevka river on the basis of morphological and anatomical characteristics of needles and, thus, to broaden knowledge on this rare and endangered species. Twigs with needles collected from all mature individuals that represent the population were used as material for the study. The following morphological and anatomical characteristics were measured: NL- needle length; NH - needle height; NW - needle width; CT+EH - cuticle + epidermis height; HH - hypodermis height; VB - vascular bundle diameter; No of SC - number of resin channels; SC diameter - resin channel diameter. The average values of the measured characteristics are: needle length 13.23 mm; needle width 1239.93 ?m; needle height 608.63 ?m; cuticle + epidermis height 11.49; hypodermis height 17.59 ?m; vascular bundle diameter 220.64 ?m; number of resin channels 0.74; resin channel diameter 52.36 ?m. The characteristics with the highest variability are as follows: number of resin channels (161.64%); resin channel diameter (25.35%); hypodermis height (20.79%), while the needle width is a characteristic with the lowest variability (6.39%). The results of the analysis of variance showed very high statistical differences within population for all studied characteristics (p<0.01; ?=0.05). In order to make the results clearer, it is necessary to investigate the genetic diversity and population structure by analyzing various phenotypic characteristics in specially designed experiments (e.g. progeny tests) as well as by analyzing appropriate DNA markers. The studied population must be involved in continuous conservation and breeding processes, especially through appropriate forms of ex situ conservation.

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Crown structure of Picea omorika trees in the plantation

Archives of Biological Sciences ◽

10.2298/abs1202605k ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 64 (2) ◽

pp. 605-611 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. Krstic ◽

N. Stavretovic ◽

V. Isajev ◽

I. Bjelanovic

Keyword(s):

Tree Height ◽

Tree Crown ◽

Crown Length ◽

Crown Structure ◽

Parabolic Function ◽

Picea Omorika ◽

Serbian Spruce ◽

The Relationship ◽

Total Tree ◽

Stand Conditions

The study was carried out in Serbian spruce (Picea omorika Panc/Purkyn?) plantations in the western Serbia. The paper presents results of the analysis of crown development. The following elements were analyzed: total tree height, height of the crown base, absolute and relative crown length, maximal crown diameter, coefficient of crown spreading and degree of crown girth. We discuss approaches to the modeling of tree crown growth and development, growing under favorable environmental and stand conditions, without anomalies in development. In order to establish the relationship between analyzed factors, regression analyses were applied. Data fitting was by the analytic method, by the implementation of Prodan?s functions of growth, linear and parabolic function. Received models can be used for the simulation of various growth and developing processes in forest.

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Individual Variability of Regularity, Abundance and Morphometric Properties of Serbian Spruce(Picea omorika/Panč./Purkyne)Microstrobiles

Progress in Botanical Research ◽

10.1007/978-94-011-5274-7_112 ◽

1998 ◽

pp. 493-496

Author(s):

B. Grbovic

Keyword(s):

Individual Variability ◽

Picea Omorika ◽

Serbian Spruce

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Kinetic parameters for thermal inactivation of soluble peroxidase from needles of Serbian spruce Picea omorika (Pančić) Purkynĕ

General Physiology and Biophysics ◽

10.4149/gpb_2009_01_78 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 78-85 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

D. Laketa ◽

J. Bogdanović ◽

A. Kalauzi ◽

K. Radotić

Keyword(s):

Kinetic Parameters ◽

Thermal Inactivation ◽

Soluble Peroxidase ◽

Picea Omorika ◽

Serbian Spruce

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Current Knowledge on Pathogenicity and Management of Stemphylium botryosum in Lentils (Lens culinaris ssp. culinaris Medik)

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens8040225 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 225 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Arpita Das ◽

Subrata Dutta ◽

Subhendu Jash ◽

Ashis Roy Barman ◽

Raju Das ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Disease Management ◽

Current Knowledge ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Resistance Breeding ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Spatial Diversity ◽

Research Network ◽

Management Approach ◽

Stemphylium Botryosum ◽

Wide Range

Stemphylium blight (SB) caused by Ascomycete, Stemphylium botryosum Wallr. has been a serious threat to lentil cultivation, mainly in Bangladesh, Nepal, India, and Canada since its first outbreak in Bangladesh in 1986. The genus Stemphylium Wallr., a dematiaceous hyphomycete, comprises up to 150 species, and is pathogenic on a wide range of plants infecting leguminous as well as nonleguminous crops. In recent years, studies indicated overlapping in morphological characters among the different species under the genus Stemphylium, making the identification and description of species difficult. This necessitates different molecular phylogenetic analysis in species delimitation. Therefore, a detailed understanding of spatial diversity and population structure of the pathogen is pertinent for producing source material for resistance breeding. The role of different weather variables as predisposing factors for the rapid spread of the pathogen necessitates devising a disease predictive model for the judicial application of fungicides. A dearth of information regarding spore biology, epidemiology, race diversity, host-pathogen interaction, and holistic disease management approach necessitates immediate attention towards more intensive research efforts. This is the first comprehensive review on the current state of knowledge and research efforts being made for a better understanding of the SB resistance through cognizing biology, ecology, and epidemiology of S. botryosum and effective disease management strategies to prevent widespread outbreaks of SB. The information regarding the biology and epidemiology of S. botryosum is also crucial for strengthening the “Integrated Disease Management” (IDM) programme. The need for a regional research network is advocated where the disease is becoming endemic.

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