Preparation of Porous Biochar from Soapberry Pericarp at Severe Carbonization Conditions

Fermentation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 228
Author(s):  
Wen-Tien Tsai ◽  
Tasi-Jung Jiang ◽  
Yu-Quan Lin ◽  
Hsuan-Lun Chang ◽  
Chi-Hung Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Total Pore Volume ◽  
Carbonization Temperature ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
N2 Adsorption ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mesoporous Biochar ◽  
Pore Properties ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The residue remaining after the water extraction of soapberry pericarp from a biotechnology plant was used to produce a series of biochar products at pyrolytic temperatures (i.e., 400, 500, 600, 700 and 800 °C) for 20 min plant was used to produce a series of biochar products. The effects of the carbonization temperature on the pore and chemical properties were investigated by using N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The pore properties of the resulting biochar products significantly increased as the carbonization temperature increased from 700 to 800 °C. The biochar prepared at 800 °C yielded the maximal BET surface area of 277 m2/g and total pore volume of 0.153 cm3/g, showing that the percentages of micropores and mesopores were 78% and 22%, respectively. Based on the findings of the EDS and the FTIR, the resulting biochar product may be more hydrophilic because it is rich in functional oxygen-containing groups on the surface. These results suggest that soapberry pericarp can be reused as an excellent precursor for preparing micro-mesoporous biochar products in severe carbonization conditions.

scholarly journals Enhancing the Pore Properties and Adsorption Performance of Cocoa Pod Husk (CPH)-Derived Biochars via Post-Acid Treatment

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsai ◽  
Hsu ◽  
Lin ◽  
Tsai ◽  
Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Total Pore Volume ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Adsorption Performance ◽  
Acid Washing ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Cocoa Pod Husk ◽  
Pore Properties ◽  
And Chemical Properties

In this work, the cocoa pod husk (CPH) was converted into biochar products at higher carbonization temperatures (i.e., 400–800 °C). The pore and chemical properties of the resulting biochars and its post-leaching biochars by acid washing, including specific surface area, total pore volume, pore size distribution, true density, and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were studied. Based on the pore properties, pyrolysis temperature at around 800 °C seemed to have the most profound impact on the pore development for producing biochar, where its Brunauer–Emmet–Teller (BET) surface area is 101 m2/g. More noticeably, more pores in the CPH-based biochar could be significantly created during the acid-washing, resulting in an increase of BET surface area from 101 to 342 m2/g. According to the data on the EDS and FTIR, the resulting biochars seemed to have oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface. Furthermore, the methylene blue (MB) adsorption performance of the optimal biochar product with maximal BET surface area was tested to fit its kinetics by the pseudo-second order model, showing a strong interaction between the biochar adsorbent and the cationic adsorbate.

scholarly journals Synthesis of micro-mesopores flowerlike γ-Al2O3 nano-architectures

2014 ◽  
Vol 79 (8) ◽  
pp. 1007-1017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mozaffar Abdollahifar ◽  
Reza Zamani ◽  
Ehsan Beiygie ◽  
Hosain Nekouei
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Pore Volume ◽  
Total Pore Volume ◽  
High Specific Surface Area ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
N2 Adsorption ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

The micro-mesopores flowerlike ?-Al2O3 nano-architectures have been synthesized by thermal decomposition method using the synthesized AlOOH (boehmite) as precursor. After calcination at 500?C for 5 h, the obtained flowerlike ?-Al2O3 has similar structure like the AlOOH precursor. X-ray diffraction (XRD), FTIR, TG, FESEM and TEM techniques were used to characterize morphology and structure of the synthesized samples. The specific surface area (BET), pore volume and pore-size distribution of the products were determined by N2 adsorption-desorption measurements. The flowerlike ?-Al2O3 showed BET high specific surface area 148 m2 g-1 with total pore volume 0.59 cm3 g-1.

Characterization and Analysis on the Thermal Transformation of Boehmite Synthesized by Yoldas Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 532-533 ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Qiu Cheng Su ◽  
Shao Hong Zhang ◽  
Pei Li Chen ◽  
Xin Jun Li ◽  
Juan Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pore Diameter ◽  
Thermal Transformation ◽  
Total Pore Volume ◽  
Physicochemical Process ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Aluminium Isopropoxide ◽  
N2 Adsorption ◽  
Α Al2o3 ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
Xrd And Tem

The boehmite (AlOOH) sol derived from aluminium isopropoxide was synthesized by Yoldas method. The physicochemical process and phase transition of AlOOH were investigated by TG-DSC, N2 adsorption-desorption, XRD and TEM. The results showed that upon heating, AlOOH lost the physicsorbed water first, and then lost the chemisorbed water at 242 °C, and the dehydroxylation occurred at 361 °C. The BET surface area, total pore volume and pore diameter increased, since the waters were lost. The orthorhombic AlOOH transformed to the cubic γ-Al2O3 at 361 °C, the cubic η-Al2O3 appeared after 484 °C, the monoclinic θ-Al2O3 and rhombohedral α-Al2O3 appeared after 1026 °C, and it totally turned into α-Al2O3 at 1237 °C.

Monitoring of Fluctuations in the Physical and Chemical Properties of a High-Calcium Fly Ash

1987 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Schlorholtz ◽  
Ken Bergeson ◽  
Turgut Demirel
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
High Calcium ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

ABSTRACTThe physical and chemical properties of fly ash produced at Ottumwa Generating Station have been monitored since April, 1985. The fly ash is produced from burning a low sulfur, sub-bituminous coal obtained from the Powder River Basin near Gillette, Wyoming. One-hundred and sixty samples of fly ash were obtained during the two year period. All of the samples were subjected to physical testing as specified by ASTM C 311. About one-hundred of the samples were also subjected to a series of tests designed to monitor the self-cementing properties of the fly ash. Many of the fly ash samples were subjected to x-ray diffraction and fluorescence analysis to define the mineralogical and chemical composition of the bulk fly ash as a function of sampling date. Hydration products in selected hardened fly ash pastes, were studied by x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The studies indicated that power plant operating conditions influenced the compressive strength of the fly ash paste specimens. Mineralogical and morphological studies of the fly ash pastes indicated that stratlingite formation occurred in the highstrength specimens, while ettringite was the major hydration product evident in the low-strength specimens.

Adsorption–Desorption Characteristics of ss-DNA on 2D TpTta-COF Studied by Fluorescently Labeled Oligonucleotides

NANO ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 2150050
Author(s):  
Zhaoyu Han ◽  
Sen Li ◽  
Shaoxian Yin ◽  
Zhi-Qin Wang ◽  
Yanfei Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Kinetic Mechanism ◽  
Optical Biosensors ◽  
Desorption Kinetic ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Fluorescently Labeled Oligonucleotides ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Being the newest member of the 2D materials family, 2D-nanosheet possesses many distinctive physical and chemical properties resulting in a wide range of potential applications. Recently, it was discovered that 2D COF can adsorb single-stranded DNA (ss-DNA) efficiently as well as usefully to quench fluorophores. These properties make it possible to prepare DNA-based optical biosensors using 2D COF. While practical analytical applications are being demonstrated, the fundamental understanding of binding between 2D COF and DNA in solution received relatively less attention. In this work, we carried out a systematic study to understand the adsorption and desorption kinetic, mechanism, and influencing factors of ss-DNA on the surface of 2D COF. We demonstrated that shorter DNAs are adsorbed more rapidly and bind more tightly to the surface of 2D COF. The adsorption is favored by a higher pH. The different buffer types also can affect the adsorption. In Tris-HCl solution, the adsorption reached highest efficiency. By adding the complementary DNA (cDNA), desorption of the absorbed DNA on 2D COF can be achieved. Further, desorption efficiency can also be exchanged by various surfactant in solution. These findings are important for further understanding of the interactions between DNA and COFs and for the optimization of DNA and COF-based devices and sensors.

scholarly journals Synthesis of material MOFs (Fe-BTC) by mechanic-chemical method and its application in the reactive dye degradation

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Tuan Vu Anh ◽  
Hoa Vu Thi ◽  
Manh Nguyen Ba ◽  
Giang Le Ha ◽  
Trang Pham Thi Thu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Method ◽  
Dye Degradation ◽  
Reactive Dye ◽  
High Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
N2 Adsorption ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sem Image ◽  
Grinding Method ◽  
High Initial Concentration ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

Nano Fe-BTC materials were successfully synthesized by mechanical chemical grinding method. Samples were characterized by X-ray difraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), N2 adsorption–desorption, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). SEM image of Fe-BTC-60 showed the particle size of 40–60 nm. Fe-BTC nanocomposites were tested for the photocatalytic degradation of reactive yellow 145 (RY-145) in aqueous solution. Fe-BTC composites exhibited high photocatalytic activity. Thus, at pH of 3 and high initial concentration of 100 mg RY-145/L, removal efficiency reached the value of 97.45% after 90 min of reaction.

scholarly journals PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL STUDIES OF OVERROOF ROCKS OF CLAY SHALES OF THE DZHERDANAK DEPOSIT

2021 ◽  
pp. 16-21
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Clay Shales ◽  
Chemical Studies ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The purpose of this study is study of the physical and chemical properties of the overburden of the Dzherdanak deposit. The chemical and mineralogical composition of the overburden of the Djerdanak deposit has been studied by the methods of X-ray and thermography, electron microscopy and infrared spectroscopy. The main phases are quartz, kaolinite and muscovite. The study of the fine structure of the rock under an electron microscope showed the homogeneity of the rock with pronounced uniform inclusions, which is preserved even after firing. Changes in the rock after firing at 1050 °C have been determined. The formation of mullite at this temperature has been established.

Synthesis of Nanoporous Material from Lignin via Carbonization Assisted Acid Activation

2020 ◽  
Vol 990 ◽  
pp. 149-154
Author(s):  
Nutchaporn Ngamthanacom ◽  
Napat Kaewtrakulchai ◽  
Weerawut Chaiwat ◽  
Laemthong Chuenchom ◽  
Masayoshi Fuji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulp Mill ◽  
Total Pore Volume ◽  
Nanoporous Carbon ◽  
Carbonization Temperature ◽  
Acid Activation ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Process Variables ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Highly Porous

Waste lignin (WL) from the pulp mill and paper was studied for its potential application to prepare the nanoporous carbon with high porosity via carbonization assisted acid activation. The effect of acid activation such as HNO3, HCl, H2SO4, and H3PO4 on lignin transformation to nanoporous carbon investigated. The physicochemical properties of nanoporous carbon were comprehensively characterized through N2 sorption, Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), respectively. N2 sorption revealed that the condition using 5% vol of phosphoric acid activation at carbonization temperature of 700°C for 2 h exhibited the highly porous structure of carbon nanoparticles with a total pore volume of 0.035 cm3/g. With the properly selecting process variables of waste lignin development could be producing high porosity nanoporous carbon.

scholarly journals Fracture analysis and countermeasures of the grid switch castings

2020 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 06015
Author(s):  
Chao Feng ◽  
Siyuan Yang ◽  
Qiao Li ◽  
Mengbao Zhou ◽  
Songqi Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Fracture Analysis ◽  
Casting Defects ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Direct Reading ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Detection Technology ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Based on the detection technology of direct reading spectrum, metallographic microscope and X-ray, the defects of the grid switch castings were analyzed. The four main forms of casting fracture were summarized as poor physical and chemical properties, material misuse, casting defects and designing defects. In order to strengthen the quality control of the source of the product, it was proposed to carry out targeted network inspection in the two stages of material arrival and infrastructure acceptance.

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