scholarly journals MiRNAs and Cancer: Key Link in Diagnosis and Therapy

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1289
Author(s):  
Yu Shi ◽  
Zihao Liu ◽  
Qun Lin ◽  
Qing Luo ◽  
Yinghuan Cen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Delivery System ◽  
Tumor Suppressors ◽  
Tumor Promoters ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
New Era ◽  
Diagnosis And Therapy ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Different Types

Since the discovery of the first microRNA (miRNA), the exploration of miRNA biology has come to a new era in recent decades. Monumental studies have proven that miRNAs can be dysregulated in different types of cancers and the roles of miRNAs turn out to function to either tumor promoters or tumor suppressors. The interplay between miRNAs and the development of cancers has grabbed attention of miRNAs as novel tools and targets for therapeutic attempts. Moreover, the development of miRNA delivery system accelerates miRNA preclinical implications. In this review, we depict recent advances of miRNAs in cancer and discuss the potential diagnostic or therapeutic approaches of miRNAs.

Recent Advances in Covalent Organic Frameworks for Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Reza Bagheri ◽  
Chengjun Li ◽  
Xiaoli Zhang ◽  
Xiaoxia Zhou ◽  
Nahal Aramesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Covalent Organic Frameworks ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Diagnosis And Therapy ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis And Therapy

In recent years, the number of patients diagnosed with cancer has been soaring. Therefore, the design, development, and implementation of new approaches for the diagnosis and therapy of different types...

Applications of inorganic nanoparticles in the diagnosis and therapy of atherosclerosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (14) ◽  
pp. 3784-3799
Author(s):  
Ting Dai ◽  
Wenming He ◽  
Chenyang Yao ◽  
Xuehua Ma ◽  
Wenzhi Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Inorganic Nanoparticles ◽  
Dual Model ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Diagnosis And Therapy ◽  
Recent Advances

This review focuses on recent advances in inorganic nanoparticles based dual-model imaging and therapeutic approaches for anti-atherosclerosis, including clinical trials.

scholarly journals CryoEM at IUCrJ: a new era

IUCrJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sriram Subramaniam ◽  
Werner Kühlbrandt ◽  
Richard Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Electron Cryomicroscopy ◽  
International Union ◽  
New Era ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Natural Home

In this overview, we briefly outline recent advances in electron cryomicroscopy (cryoEM) and explain why the journal IUCrJ, published by the International Union of Crystallography, could provide a natural home for publications covering many present and future developments in the cryoEM field.

Recent advances on Berberis aristata emphasizing berberine alkaloid including phytochemistry, pharmacology and drug delivery system

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 100433
Author(s):  
Bhanu Malhotra ◽  
Giriraj T. Kulkarni ◽  
Neerupma Dhiman ◽  
D.D. Joshi ◽  
Subhash Chander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Berberine Alkaloid

scholarly journals Calcineurin Controls Growth, Morphology, and Pathogenicity in Aspergillus fumigatus

2006 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 1091-1103 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Steinbach ◽  
Robert A. Cramer ◽  
B. Zachary Perfect ◽  
Yohannes G. Asfaw ◽  
Theodor C. Sauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽  
Clinical Observation ◽  
Immunocompromised Patient ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Growth Morphology ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Hyphal Morphology

ABSTRACT Calcineurin is implicated in a myriad of human diseases as well as homeostasis and virulence in several major human pathogenic microorganisms. The fungus Aspergillus fumigatus is a leading cause of infectious death in the rapidly expanding immunocompromised patient population. Current antifungal treatments for invasive aspergillosis are often ineffective, and novel therapeutic approaches are urgently needed. We demonstrate that a mutant of A. fumigatus lacking the calcineurin A (cnaA) catalytic subunit exhibited defective hyphal morphology related to apical extension and polarized growth, which resulted in drastically decreased filamentation. The ΔcnaA mutant lacked the extensive lattice of invading hyphae seen with the wild-type and complemented strains. Sporulation was also affected in the ΔcnaA mutant, including morphological conidial defects with the absence of surface rodlets and the added presence of disjunctors creating long conidial chains. Infection with the ΔcnaA mutant in several distinct animal models with different types of immunosuppression and inoculum delivery led to a profound attenuation of pathogenicity compared to infection with the wild-type and complemented strains. Lung tissue from animals infected with the ΔcnaA mutant showed a complete absence of hyphae, in contrast to tissue from animals infected with the wild-type and complemented strains. Quantitative fungal burden and pulmonary infarct scoring confirmed these findings. Our results support the clinical observation that substantially decreasing fungal growth can prevent disease establishment and decrease mortality. Our findings reveal that calcineurin appears to play a globally conserved role in the virulence of several pathogenic fungi and yet plays specialized roles in each and can be an excellent target for therapeutic intervention.

Vaccines and Vaccination

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsey Obradovich ◽  
Nicholas C Issa
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Hpv Vaccine ◽  
Immunocompromised Host ◽  
Postexposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Emerging Pathogens ◽  
Childhood Diseases ◽  
New Era ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Serotype B

The advent of vaccination began a new era in the world and in medicine. From the eradication of smallpox and near-eradication of polio to the significant reduction in many childhood diseases, vaccination has saved countless lives. Progress continues today in the form of safer and more effective vaccines, along with new vaccines against old and emerging pathogens that threaten worldwide pandemics. Several vaccines have been approved recently by the Food and Drug Administration, including a more immunogenic pneumococcal vaccine, new meningococcal serotype B vaccines, a 9-valent HPV vaccine, and the first adjuvanted influenza vaccine. Additional advancement with improved vaccines against herpes zoster and novel vaccines against emerging pathogens (Ebola and Zika viruses) is on the horizon. In this review, we discuss the immune mechanisms by which vaccines induce protection, the different types of vaccines, and the most recent recommendations by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices for vaccination schedules in adults. Key information for the general practitioner is presented in a concise and easy-to-read format, summarized in tables whenever possible. Vaccination in special populations, such as pregnant women, immunocompromised patients, international travelers, and health care workers, is also included in this review. A list of guidelines is also included. Key words: immunocompromised host, postexposure prophylaxis, travel, vaccination, vaccine This review contains 7 highly rendered figures, 12 tables, and 57 references.

The Emerging Role of Epigenetic Methylation in Kidney Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Wen ◽  
Hong-liu Yang ◽  
Lin Lin ◽  
Liang Ma ◽  
Ping Fu
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Histone Methylation ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Promoter Regions ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Epigenetic Methylation

: Kidney disease has complex and multifactorial pathophysiology and pathogenesis. Recent studies have revealed that epigenetic methylation changes, namely DNA methylation, histone methylation and non-histone methylation, are strongly implicated in various forms of kidney diseases. This review provides a perspective on the emerging role of epigenetic methylation in kidney disease, including the effects of DNA methylation in diverse promoter regions, regulation and implication of histone methylation, and recent advances and potential directions related to non-histone methylation. Monitoring or targeting epigenetic methylation has potential to contribute to development of therapeutic approaches for multiple kidney diseases.

Recent advances in polymer shell-oily core nanocapsules for drug delivery applications

Nanomedicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed S AbdElhamid ◽  
Dina G Zayed ◽  
Lamia Heikal ◽  
Sherine N Khattab ◽  
Omar Y Mady ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Controlled Drug Release ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Polymeric Membranes ◽  
Polymer Shell ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Target Sites ◽  
Different Types

Polymeric nanocapsules are vesicular drug delivery systems composed of an inner oily reservoir surrounded by polymeric membranes. Nanocapsules have various advantages over other nanovesicular systems such as providing controlled drug release properties. We discuss the recent advances in polymeric shell-oily core nanocapsules, illustrating the different types of polymers used and their implementation. Nanocapsules can be utilized for many purposes, especially encapsulation of highly lipophilic drugs. They have been shown to have variable applications, especially in cancer therapy, due to the ability of the polymeric shell to direct the loaded drugs to their target sites, as well as their high internalization efficacy. Those productive applications guaranteed their high potential as drug delivery systems. However, their clinical development is still in an early stage.

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